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Secure crowd-sensing protocol for fog-based vehicular cloud

FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER systems-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ESCIENCE 2021年 120卷 61-75页

作者： Nkenyereye, Lewis Islam, S. M. Riazul Bilal, Muhammad Abdullah-Al-Wadud, M. Alamri, Atif Nayyar, Anand Sejong Univ Dept Comp & Informat Secur Seoul South Korea Sejong Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Seoul South Korea Hankuk Univ Foreign Studies Dept Comp Engn Seoul South Korea King Saud Univ Dept Software Engn Coll & Informat Sci Riyadh 11543 Saudi Arabia King Saud Univ Res Chair Pervas & Mobile Comp Riyadh 11543 Saudi Arabia Duy Tan Univ Fac Informat Technol Da Nang Vietnam

The new paradigm of fog computing was extended from conventional cloud computing to provide computing and storage capabilities at the edge of the network. Applied to vehicular networks, fog enabled vehicular computing is expected to become a core feature that can accelerate a multitude of services including crowd-sensing. Accordingly, the security and privacy of vehicles joining the crowd-sensing system have become important issues for cyber defense and smart policing. In addition, to satisfy the demand of crowd-sensing data users, fine-grained access control is required. In this paper, we propose a secure and privacy-preserving crowd-sensing scheme for fog-enabled vehicular computing. The proposed architecture is made by a double layer of fog nodes that is used to generate crowd-sensing tasks for vehicles, then collect, aggregate and analyze the data based on user specifications. To ensure data confidentiality and fined-grained access control, we make use of ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption with access update policy (CP-ABE-UP), which is a well-known one-to-many encryption technique. The policy update algorithm allows the fog nodes to outsource the crowd-sensing data to other fog nodes or to data users directly. We also adopted the ID-based signature tied to pseudonymous techniques to guarantee the authentication and privacy preservation of the entities in the system. From the upper fog layer to the data user, we show that an information-centric networking (ICN) approach can be applied to maximize the network resources and enhance the security by avoiding unauthorized and unauthenticated data owners. The security analysis confirms that our approach is secure against known attacks, whereas the simulation results show its efficiency in terms of communication with little computational overhead. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. all rights reserved.

关键词： Privacy preservation Crowd-sensing Fog enabled vehicular computing Access control ID-based signature Attribute-based encryption Information-centric network

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Applicability of VSAT communication for Indian Power System 9

Applicability of VSAT Communication for Indian Power System

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9th IEEE International Conference on Power systems, ICPS 2021

作者： Roy, Nabarun Ramesh, M.K. Singhal, Akhil Paul, Tapobrata Kumar, Ashutosh Deep, Sakal Doungel, Paominlal Sutnga, Royal POWER SYSTEM OPERATION CORPORATION LIMITED India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428736

Indian power system is one of the largest synchronously operated Power System networks in the world with an installed capacity of about 370 GW. The Indian Power Grid is being monitored by a multi-level integrated Supervisory control Data Acquisition (SCADA)/ Energy Management System (EMS) installed at many control centres (or Load Despatch Centres) dispersed all over India. The Load Despatch Centres acquire real-Time data from the substations as well from the other control centres and this critical power system operational data is transferred through a dedicated and secure communication system backbone network spread across the country. Keeping in view the importance of the communication system in a vast meshed network at the National, Regional and State level in India, the regulatory body of power sector i.e. Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (CERC) has also specified the regulations regarding communication System for inter-State transmission of electricity. Apart from the conventional communication systems such as PLCC, optical-fiber, etc., the VSAT communication is also making its place as a communication medium due to the various advantages it offers. The VSAT bandwidth connectivity charges have fallen in the past few years making it viable for being used in the power sector for the utilities. Hence, by adopting a reliable and easy-To-install communication technology such as VSAT will remove the communication related issues which is one of the major hurdles resulting in non-Availability of real-Time data to the Load Despatchers. Certain pilot projects had been done in North-Eastern Region with satisfactory performance for real-Time data transfer. It was proven that the VSAT communication was able to cater the real-Time operational data transfer requirements with an overall availability of more than 99% (excl. some minor technical issues) even in bad weather conditions. This paper deliberates the various key benefits and architectures of using VSAT commun

关键词： Energy management systems

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Model-based system engineering design of a versatile control test bench of an electric vehicle's powertrain for educational purpose 3

Model-based system engineering design of a versatile control...

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IEEE 3rd Global Power, Energy and communication Conference (IEEE GPECOM)

作者： Hicham, El Hadraoui Ahmed, Chebak Mourad, Zegrari Mohammed VI Polytech Univ Green Tech Inst Benguerir Morocco Hassan II Univ Casablanca UM6P Green Tech Inst Casablanca Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781665435123

Nowadays, electric vehicle has attached significant attention because of the increasingly stringent exhaust emission policies all over the world. However, a lot of research efforts are still devoted to develop and innovate on the electric traction systems. In high-quality education, especially engineering education, topics concerning the vital and actual concerns should comprise more than theoretical knowledge, in purpose to close the relationship between the current technologies and the learner's circumstances through giving a practical technical expertise and training in the sphere of overall engineering competences. This article presents the first phase regarding designing and developing a test bench of a fully electric vehicle's Powertrain used for research and educational purposes, model-based systems engineering (MBSE) is utilized as a methodology to achieve this goal thorough the CESAM architecting and modelling framework. Utilizing the aforementioned methodology, an operational standpoint architecture of the electric Powertrain's test bench is developed and presented as the first phase of the system's design.

关键词： MBSE Electric vehicle Electric traction SysML Test bench Educational purpose

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Analog MIMO RoC Passive Relay for Indoor Deployments of Wireless networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND systems ii-EXPRESS BRIEFS 2020年第12期67卷 2988-2992页

作者： Matera, A. Rampa, V Donati, M. Colamonico, A. Cattoni, A. F. Spagnolini, U. Politecn Milan DEIB I-20131 Milan Italy CNR IEIIT I-20133 Milan Italy ABC Progetti Milan Italy Keysight Technol Keysight Labs DK-9200 Aalborg Denmark

Most of the indoor coverage issues arise from network deployments that are usually planned for outdoor scenarios. Moreover, the ever-growing number of devices with different Radio Access Technologies (RATs), expected for new 5G scenarios and to maintain compatibility with older cellular standards (mostly 3G/4G), worsen this situation thus calling for novel bandwidth-efficient, low-latency and cost-effective solutions for indoor coverage. To solve this problem, Centralized Radio Access network (C-RAN) architectures have been proposed to provide dense and controlled coverage inside buildings. However, all-digital C-RAN solutions are complex and expensive when indoor layout constraints and device costs are considered. We discuss here an analog C-RAN architecture, referred to as Analog MIMO Radio-over-Copper (A-MIMO-RoC), that aims at distributing RF signals indoors over distances in the order of 50 m. The all-analog passive-only design presented here proves the feasibility of analog relaying of MIMO radio signals over LAN cables at frequency bandwidth values up to 400 MHz for multi-RAT applications. After asserting the feasibility of the A-MIMO-RoC platform, we present some experimental results obtained with the proposed architecture. These preliminary results show that the A-MIMO-RoC system is a valid solution towards the design of dedicated 4G/5G indoor wireless systems for the billions of buildings which nowadays still suffer from severe indoor coverage issues.

关键词： Radio frequency RF signals Bandwidth MIMO communication 5G mobile communication Antennas Local area networks Indoor radio communication radio access networks MIMO 5G mobile communication

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An Intelligent Digital Twin Model for Attack Detection in Zero-Touch 6G networks

An Intelligent Digital Twin Model for Attack Detection in Ze...

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IEEE International Conference on communications Workshops, ICC

作者： Burcu Bolat-Akça Elif Bozkaya-Aras Berk Canberk Bill Buchanan Stefan Schmid Department of Computer Engineering National Defence University Turkish Naval Academy Istanbul Turkey School of Computing Engineering and The Built Environment Edinburgh Napier University United Kingdom Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Berlin Technical University Berlin Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350304053

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304060

The rapid adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) services and the increasingly stringent dependability and performance requirements are transforming next-generation wireless network management towards zero-touch 6G networks. Zero-touch management is also particularly attractive in the context of smart industrial production (Industry 5.0) as it allows more autonomous control over all operations without human intervention. However, such a paradigm requires real-time remote monitoring and control throughout the life cycle of all physical entities. Against this backdrop, digital twin is a critical technology for Industry 5.0 and beyond for novel network automation solutions. A digital twin enables fine-grained monitoring, testing and experimentation by providing a model of its physical counterparts. In this regard, we propose a three-layered digital twin framework's architecture to effectively bridge the gap between the physical world and the digital world in zero-touch 6G networks. As a case study, we consider an intelligent digital twin model to detect cyber attacks, such as brute force, web attacks, and DDoS attacks. However, an excessive increase in data volume requires exploratory efforts for efficient and scalable attack detection. In addition, due to the insufficient annotation and imbalanced distribution of classes, challenges are introduced regarding the achievable accuracy. To address these issues, we propose the use of Long Short-Term Memory network (LSTM) with the combination of the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) for attack detection for the new and unseen samples with the assistance of digital twin. We also analyze samples within the cluster and eliminate samples that are somewhere between the clusters and negatively affect the final accuracy by silhouette score. Extensive experiments show that our proposed intelligent digital twin model for attack detection improves the accuracy performance.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Accuracy Annotations Conferences Real-time systems Data models Digital twins

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Joint all-Domain Command and control: Background and issues for Congress

Joint All-Domain Command and Control: Background and Issues ...

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作者： Hoehn, J. R LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE Department of Defense Washington DC Congressional Research Service Washington DC

The Department of Defense (DOD) is in the process of a once-in-a-generation modernization of its approach to commanding military forces. Senior DOD leaders have stated that the departments existing command and control architecture is insufficient to meet the demands ofthe 2018 National Defense Strategy (NDS). Joint all-Domain Command and control (JADC2) isDODs concept to connect sensors from all of the military services Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Space Force into a single network. DOD points to ride-sharing service Uber as an analogy to describe its desired end state for JADC2. Uber combines two different apps one for riders and a second for drivers. Using the respective users positions, the Uber algorithm determines the optimal match based on distance, travel time, and passengers (among other variables). In the case of JADC2, that logic would find the optimal platform to attack a given target, or the unit best able to address an emerging threat. For JADC2 to work effectively, DOD is pursuing three new or emerging technologies: automation and artificial intelligence, cloud environments, and new communications methods.

关键词： Radio equipment Warfare Command and control Cyberspace operations Data links Military applications National security Radio communications Air force Artificial intelligence Command and control systems Digital communications Electronic warfare communication systems Congress Military communications Computers

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Key Enabling Technologies for the Post-5G Era: Fully Adaptive, all-Spectra Coordinated Radio Access network with Function Decoupling

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IEEE communicationS MAGAZINE 2020年第9期58卷 60-66页

作者： Chen, You-Wei Zhang, Rui Hsu, Chin-Wei Chang, Gee-Kung Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Atlanta GA 30332 USA Georgia Inst Technol Sch Elect & Comp Engn Optic Networking Atlanta GA 30332 USA

With the rapidly growing bandwidth demand for wireless applications, new system technologies related to post-5G are emerging. In this article, an all-spectra fully adaptive and coordinated radio access network (RAN) is reported and discussed. By employing a fiber-wireless integration and networking architecture, all data-carrying channels could be aggregated in the same fiber access infrastructure. This enables a coordinated RAN with function decoupling, in which lower RF, 5G New Radio (NR), sub-THz, and even lightwave are employed;also, different types of services are delivered depending on their physical layer properties. Promising scenarios are discussed, such as integrated access of wireless NR-free space optical (FSO) backhauling and indoor systems via visible light communication (VLC) and efficient NR beamforming aided by VLC positioning system. The former use case can enhance the network throughput and reliability. This is because both FSO and NR can support high channel capacity due to their abundant bandwidth. Meanwhile, with the advancement of novel DSP techniques, the stability of the NR-FSO link under diverse weather turbulences or suffering from burst mode interference can be enhanced. The latter scenario provides an alternative solution for high-speed data link and a simplified beam management via the VLC-aided positioning system. VLC can concurrently provide ubiquitous indoor illumination, data transmission, and positioning. With the help of artificial intelligence algorithms, a VLC-based precision positioning system can provide a location accuracy of less than 1 cm, and it is able to meet the narrow beam size of the NR beamformer in a 3D model. Therefore, it is foreseeable that an all-spectra function decoupled RAN can serve as a unified network platform to support all wireless applications while optimizing system throughput, channel condition, network coverage, and software/ hardware complexity for post-5G mobile data networks.

关键词： Special issues and sections Internet of Things Security Sensors Privacy Data analysis Malware

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Wireless Energy Transfer in RIS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO systems: Opportunities and Challenges

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shi, Enyu Zhang, Jiayi Chen, Shuaifei Zheng, Jiakang Zhang, Yan Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan Ai, Bo The School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China The School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales NSW2052 Australia

In future sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks, the Internet-of-Everything (IoE) is expected to provide extremely massive connectivity for small battery-powered devices. Indeed, massive devices with limited energy storage capacity impose persistent energy demand hindering the lifetime of communication networks. As a remedy, wireless energy transfer (WET) is a key technology to address these critical energy supply issues. On the other hand, cell-free (CF) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems offer an efficient network architecture to realize the roll-out of the IoE. In this article, we first propose the paradigm of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided CF massive MIMO systems for WET, including its potential application scenarios and system architecture. The four-stage transmission procedure is discussed and analyzed to illustrate the practicality of the architecture. Then we put forward and analyze the hardware design of RIS. Particularly, we discuss the three corresponding operating modes and the amalgamation of WET technology and RIS-aided CF massive MIMO. Representative simulation results are given to confirm the superior performance achieved by our proposed schemes. Also, we investigate the optimal location of deploying multiple RISs to achieve the best system performance. Finally, several important research directions of RIS-aided CF massive MIMO systems with WET are presented to inspire further potential investigation. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. all rights reserved.

关键词： network architecture

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DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ILLINOIS EXPRESS QUANTUM METROPOLITAN AREA network

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chung, Joaquin Eastman, Ely M. Kanter, Gregory S. Kapoor, Keshav Lauk, Nikolai Peña, Cristián Plunkett, Robert Sinclair, Neil Thomas, Jordan M. Valivarthi, Raju Xie, Si Kettimuthu, Rajkumar Kumar, Prem Spentzouris, Panagiotis Spiropulu, Maria Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S Cass Ave. LemontIL60439 United States The University of Chicago Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering 924 E 57th St ChicagoIL60637 United States NuCrypt Llc 1840 Oak Ave EvanstonIL60201 United States Center for Photonic Communication and Computing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road EvanstonIL60208-3118 United States Division of Physics Mathematics and Astronomy California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. PasadenaCA91125 United States California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Blvd. PasadenaCA91125 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Kirk Rd and Pine St BataviaIL60510 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University 29 Oxford St. CambridgeMA02138 United States 2205 Tech Drive Suite 1-160 EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University 2145 Sheridan Road EvanstonIL60208-3112 United States

The Illinois Express Quantum network (IEQNET) is a program to realize metropolitan scale quantum networking over deployed optical fiber using currently available technology. IEQNET consists of multiple sites that are geographically dispersed in the Chicago metropolitan area. Each site has one or more quantum nodes (Q-Nodes) representing the communication parties in a quantum network. Q-Nodes generate or measure quantum signals such as entangled photons and communicate the measurement results via standard, classical signals and conventional networking processes. The entangled photons in IEQNET nodes are generated at multiple wavelengths, and are selectively distributed to the desired users via transparent optical switches. Here we describe the network architecture of IEQNET, including the Internet-inspired layered hierarchy that leverages softwaredefined networking (SDN) technology to perform traditional wavelength routing and assignment between the Q-Nodes. Specifically, SDN decouples the control and data planes, with the control plane being entirely implemented in the classical domain. We also discuss the IEQNET processes that address issues associated with synchronization, calibration, network monitoring, and scheduling. An important goal of IEQNET is to demonstrate the extent to which the control plane classical signals can co-propagate with the data plane quantum signals in the same fiber lines (quantum-classical signal "coexistence"). This goal is furthered by the use of tunable narrow-band optical filtering at the receivers and, at least in some cases, a wide wavelength separation between the quantum and classical channels. We envision IEQNET to aid in developing robust and practical quantum networks by demonstrating metro-scale quantum communication tasks such as entanglement distribution and quantum-state teleportation. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. all rights reserved.

关键词： network architecture

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A 5g-Tsn Joint Resource Scheduling Algorithm Based on Optimized Deep Reinforcement Learning Model for Industrial networks

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Zhang, Yang Sun, Lei Ma, Zhangchao Wang, Jianquan Fu, Meixia Joung, Jinoo School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing China Department of Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence Sangmyung University Korea Republic of

As the rapid advancement of the Industrial Internet of Things (iioT), numerous devices are now being connected to industrial networks through both wired and wireless methods. Massive amounts of data are collected and transmitted, necessitating network communications that ensure bounded latency, low jitter, and maximum throughput. Addressing the scheduling requirements for diverse intelligent services has made the collaboration between fifth-generation (5G) mobile cellular networks and Time-Sensitive networking (TSN) a prominent research topic. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms are commonly employed to tackle scheduling issues within the 5G-TSN architecture. However, there has been insufficient focus on maximizing throughput in multi-user scenarios and on the impact of channel quality indication (CQI) on resource allocation. In this article, we proposed a 5G-TSN joint resource scheduling solution based on an optimized Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm. This solution aims to provide latency guarantees for time-triggered applications, throughput guarantees for video applications, and to maximize total throughput across 5G and TSN. Additionally, we introduce the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to efficiently utilize the non-Markov CQI. A dynamic MCS-based priority scheme is incorporated into DDPG algorithm, approaching the optimal solution of the objective function with lower computional complexity and higher accuracy. Compared to conventional DDPG-based scheduling methods, the proposed solution shows superior performance in simulations. Results demonstrate that our approach achieves 100% latency reliability for time-triggered flows and improves total throughput by at least 9.16% under varying user ratios and different Gate control List (GCL) configurations within the TSN domain. © 2024, The Authors. all rights reserved.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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