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Conference on all-optical communication systems - architecture, control, and network issues iiI

作者： Guo, D Acampora, AS Zhang, Z CITICORP SECURIT INC NEW YORKNY 10043

ISBN: (纸本)0819426636

In [1], a network architecture called hyper-clusteremploying wavelength-routing, multi-hop packet switching and optical reconfiguration is presented. It is modularly scalable to very large configurations on both hardware and operational bases. A hyper-cluster uses a logical hierarchy for the purpose of addressing but guarantees that all access nodes have a constant number of transceivers. It is a cluster of regular graphs;the clustering structure follows the traffic distribution in a grand granularity. The issue of operational scalability is addressed by presenting a scalable routing protocol and a scalable reconfiguration protocol. When using shuffle-net as the building block, a novel routing scheme called quantified deflection routing is presented. The scheme improves call blocking performance significantly. In this paper, we propose a distributed reconfiguration protocol. The network throughput and virtual call blocking performance is obtained via simulation on large networks (with size beyond 200 nodes). Numerical results show that the dynamic self-routing protocol, combined with quantified deflection routing for shuffle-net, can achieve excellent resource utilization efficiency for very large networks. When the call arrival rate is below 0.3, the capacity provided by the hyper-cluster dynamic routing algorithm is close to that of an infinite capacity centralized switch (lowest possible call blocking caused exclusively by congestion on the finite capacity user input/output links, never by the switch fabric itself).

关键词： lightwave network scalability hyper-cluster reconfiguration routing shuffle-net

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Demonstration of multi-gigabit/s services over a 20 channel WDM wavelength-routed all-optical metropolitan-area network

Demonstration of multi-gigabit/s services over a 20 channel ...

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Conference on all-optical communication systems: architecture, control and network issues

作者： Stevens, ML Hemenway, BR Castagnozzi, DM Parikh, SA Marquis, D Swanson, EA Kaminow, IP Koren, U Dragone, C Koch, T Thomas, RE Ozveren, C Grella, E MIT LINCOLN LABLEXINGTONMA 02173

ISBN: (纸本)0819419788

An experimental all-optical, wavelength-routed network testbed has been constructed in the Boston metropolitan area. [1]. The network has 20 optical channels, spaced by 50 GHz and provides dedicated circuit-switched wide-band service at user defined modulation formats and rates up to 10 Gbps, and timeslotted WDM services for medium and low-rate users [2,3]. We are now characterizing the deployed network which spans over 87 km interconnecting four all-optical local-area networks in Littleton, Lexington, and Cambridge Massachusetts. We discuss wavelength sharing and reuse, local broadcast, routing, multi-cast and multi-hop connections at 1.244, 2.488, and 10 Gbps. We present the system design and the performance (e.g. BER and cross-talk) of local-broadcast, metropolitan-area-routed and broadcast transmission modes. © 1995 SPIE.

关键词： all-optical networks WDM FDM TDM wavelength-routed time-slotted wideband highspeed

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TORUS: Terabit-per-second ATM switching system architecture based on distributed internal speed-up ATM switch

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IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN communicationS 1997年第5期15卷 817-829页

作者： Genda, K Yamanaka, N NTT Network Service Systems Laboratories Musashino Tokyo Japan

A high-speed and distributed ATM switch architecture, called the TORUS switch, is proposed with the aim of achieving a terabit-per-second ATM switching system, The switch is a distributed and scalable internal speed-up crossbar-type ATM switch with cylindrical structure, The self-bit-synchronization technique and optical interconnection technology are combined to achieve gigabit-rate cell transmission, where high-density implementation technologies such as multichip module technology are not required at all, Also, distributed contention control based on the fixed output-precedence scheme is newly adopted. This control is very suitable for high-speed devices because its circuit is achieved with only one gate in each crosspoint. A TORUS switch is fabricated as a 4 x 2 switch module using optical interconnection technology and very high-speed crosspoint LSI's, constructed using an advanced Si-bipolar process. Measured results confirm that the TORUS switch can be used to realize an expandable terabit-rate ATM switch.

关键词： Asynchronous transfer mode Switching systems communication switching optical switches Quality of service Multimedia systems Integrated circuit interconnections optical interconnections Data communication Hardware

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Analysis of lightpath setup procedure in wavelength-routed all-optical networks

Analysis of lightpath setup procedure in wavelength-routed a...

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Conference on all-optical communication systems - architecture, control, and network issues iiI

作者： Yoo, JY Banerjee, S AT&T Labs. (United States) Stevens Institute of Technology (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819426636

Wide area all-optical networks are emerging as practical and future-proof solution to the enormous bandwidth requirements of today's end-users. Over the past few years, the field of all-optical networks has experienced tremendous amount of research, development, and prototyping activities. control and management issues of all-optical networks, which are getting increasing attention in the research and development communities, are considered in this paper. We present a new approach for modeling call blocking probability in wavelength-routed wide-area all-optical networks. When an optical connection (lightpath) request arrives at a node, first a route and a wavelength along that route is selected to establish the requested connection. If an available route or wavelength doesn't exist then the connection is blocked at the source node. If a route and an available wavelength along that route are found then the wavelength along the different links of the route are reserved as soon as possible. However, reserving the selected wavelength on all the links of the route takes finite amount of time which is dependent on the propagation delays of the links and processing speeds of the nodes along the route. Hence, the selected wavelength on one or more of the links along the route might be reserved by another lightpath request while the set-up procedure of the previous one is in progress. One of the primary goal of this work is to study blocking of lightpath requests at intermediate nodes. Note that, although several researchers have studied blocking at source node in optical networks [1,2,3], to our knowledge blocking characteristic at intermediate nodes has not been studied earlier. A new lightpath set-up approach is also proposed. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can reduce blocking at intermediate nodes. Numerical results from analytical as well as simulation models are presented for various network configurations.

关键词： optical networks wide-area lightwave networks wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical network control and management lightpath setup

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optical interconnection network for parallel access to multi-rank memory in future computing systems

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OPTICS EXPRESS 2015年第16期23卷 20480-20494页

作者： Wang, Kang Gu, Huaxi Yang, Yintang Wang, Kun Xidian Univ State Key Lab Integrated Serv Networks Xian 710071 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Inst Microelect Xian 710071 Peoples R China Xidian Univ Sch Comp Sci Xian 710071 Peoples R China

With the number of cores increasing, there is an emerging need for a high-bandwidth low-latency interconnection network, serving core-to-memory communication. In this paper, aiming at the goal of simultaneous access to multi-rank memory, we propose an optical interconnection network for core-to-memory communication. In the proposed network, the wavelength usage is delicately arranged so that cores can communicate with different ranks at the same time and broadcast for flow control can be achieved. A distributed memory controller architecture that works in a pipeline mode is also designed for efficient optical communication and transaction address processes. The scaling method and wavelength assignment for the proposed network are investigated. Compared with traditional electronic bus-based core-to-memory communication, the simulation results based on the PARSEC benchmark show that the bandwidth enhancement and latency reduction are apparent. (C) 2015 optical Society of America

关键词： all optical devices optical access networks optical devices optical networks optical transceivers Wavelength assignment

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Dispersion-reduction technique using subcarrier multiplexing

Dispersion-reduction technique using subcarrier multiplexing

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Conference on all-optical communication systems: architecture, control and network issues

作者： Sargis, PD Haigh, RE McCammon, KG LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB LIVERMORECA 94551

ISBN: (纸本)0819419788

We have developed a novel dispersion-reduction technique using subcarrier multiplexing which permits the transmission of multiple 2.5 Gbit/s data channels over hundreds of kilometers of conventional fiber-optic cable with negligible dispersion. Using a lithium niobate external modulator having a modulation bandwidth of 20 GHz, we are able to multiplex several high-speed data channels at a single wavelength. At the receiving end, we demultiplex the data and detect each channel using a 2-GHz bandwidth optical detector. all of the hardware in our system consists of off-the-shelf components and can be integrated to reduce the overall cost. We demonstrated our dispersion-reduction technique in a recent field trial by transmitting two 2.5 Gbit/s data channels over 90 km of commercially-installed single-mode fiber, followed by 210 km of spooled fiber. For comparison, we substituted the 300 km of fiber with equivalent optical attenuation. We also ran computer simulations to evaluate link behavior. Technical details and field trial results will be presented.

关键词： optical communication subcarrier multiplexing optical dispersion dispersion compensation

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An evaluation of the time domain approach for crosstalk free communication in photonic switches

An evaluation of the time domain approach for crosstalk free...

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Conference on all-optical communication systems: architecture, control and network issues

作者： Wang, J Qiao, CM SUNY BUFFALO DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGNBUFFALONY 14260

ISBN: (纸本)0819419788

First-order crosstalk in Multistage Interconnection networks (MINs) can be avoided by ensuring only one input of each switch is active at a given time, in other words, no two connections can use the same switch simultaneously. A space domain approach dilates an N-by-N network into one that is essentially equivalent to a 2N-by-2N network [1]. The time domain approach proposed in [2] extends the "dilation" concept from space to time to avoid crosstalk by establishing the connections sharing the same switch in different time slots. This paper studies the tradeoffs of these two approaches in two different MINs, namely, Banyan and Benes, under both individual and stage switch control. Theoretical analysis showed that in a Banyan with stage control, the set of N-by-N permutations whose connections can be established crosstalk free in two time slots using the time domain approach is more than the set of permutations that can be realized in one time slot using the space domain approach. In addition, simulation results showed that given the same set of one-to-one or one-to-many connections, the number of time slots needed by the time-domain approach is less than twice of that needed by the space-domain approach. © 1995 SPIE.

关键词： Crosstalk

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optical Wireless communications for In-Body and Transdermal Biomedical Applications

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IEEE communicationS MAGAZINE 2021年第1期59卷 119-125页

作者： Boulogeorgos, Alexandros-Apostolos A. Trevlakis, Stylianos E. Chatzidiamantis, Nestor D. Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

This article discusses the fundamental architectures for optical-wireless-systems for biomedical-ap-plications. After summarizing the main applications and reporting their requirements, we describe the characteristics of the transdermal and in-body optical channels (OCs) as well as the challenges that they impose in the design of communication systems. Specifically, we provide three possible architectures for transdermal communications, namely electro-optical monitoring, opto-electrical, and all-optical (AO), for neural stimulation, which are currently under investigation, whereas for in-body communications, we provide a nano-scale AO concept. For each architecture, we discuss the main operation principles, the technology enablers, and research directions for their development. Finally, we highlight the necessity of designing an infor-mation-theoretic framework for the analysis and design of the physical and medium access control layers, which takes into account the channels' characteristics.

关键词： Wireless communication Biomedical optical imaging Stimulated emission Road traffic systems architecture Tutorials optical network units

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Flexible architecture and Autonomous control Plane for Metro-Scale Geographically Distributed Data Centers

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JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY 2017年第6期35卷 1188-1196页

作者： Samadi, Payman Fiorani, Matteo Shen, Yiwen Wosinska, Lena Bergman, Keren Columbia Univ Dept Elect Engn Lightwave Res Lab New York NY 10024 USA KTH Royal Inst Technol Opt Networks Lab Sch ICT S-11428 Stockholm Sweden

Enterprises and cloud providers are moving away from deployment of large-scale data centers and towards smallto mid-sized data centers because of their lower implementation and maintenance costs. An optical metro network is used to provide connectivity among these data centers. The optical network requires flexibility on bandwidth allocation and various levels of Quality of Service to support the new emerging applications and services including the ones enabled by 5G. As a result, next generation optical metro networks face complex control and management issues that needs to be resolved with automation. We present a converged inter/intra data center network architecture with an autonomous control plane for flexible bandwidth allocation. The architecture supports both single-rate and multi-rate data planes with two types of physical layer connections (Background and Dynamic) that provide connections with strict bandwidth and latency requirements. We demonstrate autonomous bandwidth steering between two data centers on our prototype. Leveraging a simulation platform, we show up to 5x lower transmission times and 25% less spectrum usage compared with the single-rate conventional non-converged networks. This is a significant improvement in the data center network performance and energy efficiency.

关键词： Autonomous control plane data center networks networks network provisioning strategy optical communication optical metro networks quality of service (QoS) software-defined networking (SDN) traffic monitoring

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Description of all-optical network testbed and applications

Description of all-optical network testbed and applications

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Conference on all-optical communication systems: architecture, control and network issues

作者： Marquis, D Castagnozzi, DM Hemenway, BR Parikh, SA Stevens, ML Swanson, EA Thomas, RE Ozveren, C Kaminow, IP MIT LINCOLN LABLEXINGTONMA 02173

ISBN: (纸本)0819419788

We describe an all-optical network testbed deployed in the Boston metropolitan area, and some of the experimental applications running over the network. The network was developed by a consortium of AT&T Bell Laboratories, Digital Equipment Corporation, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a grant from ARPA. The network is an optical WDM system organized as a hierarchy consisting of local, metropolitan, and wide area nodes that support optical broadcast and routing modes. Frequencies are shared and reused to enhance network scalability. Electronic access is provided through optical terminals that support multiple services having data rates between 10 Mbps/user and 10 Gbps/user. Novel components used to implement the network include fast-tuning 1.5 micrometers distributed Bragg reflector lasers, passive wavelength routers, and broadband optical frequency converters. An overlay control network implemented at 1.3 micrometers allows reliable out-of-band control and standardized network management of all network nodes. We have created interfaces between the AON and commercially available electronic circuit-switched and packet-switched networks. We will report on network applications that can dynamically allocate optical bandwidth between electronic packet-switches based on the offered load presented by users, without requiring interfaces between users and the AON control system. We will also describe video and telemedicine applications running over the network. We have demonstrated an audio/video codec that is directly interfaced to the optical network, and is capable of transmitting high-rate digitized video signals for broadcast or videoconferencing applications. We have also demonstrated a state-of-the-art radiological workstation that uses the AON to transport 2000 X 2000 X 16 bit images from a remote image server.

关键词： Video networks Switches Local area networks Interfaces optical networks Internet Switching Telemedicine Electronic circuits

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