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检索条件"任意字段=Applied Computing 2002: Proceeedings of the 2002 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing"

共 181 条记录，以下是41-50 订阅

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Parallel and distributed computing with coevolutionary algorithms 16

Parallel and distributed computing with coevolutionary algor...

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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Seredynski, F. Zomaya, A.Y. Department of Computer Science Institute of Insurance Wesola 52 Kielce25-353 Poland Parallel Computing Research Laboratory Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Western Australia Nedlands PerthWA6907 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

The problem of parallel and distributed function optimization is considered. Two coevolutionary algorithms with different degrees of parallelism and different levels of a global coordination are used for this purpose and compared with sequential genetic algorithm (GA). The first coevolutionary algorithm called a loosely coupled genetic algorithm (LCGA) represents a competitive coevolutionary approach to problem solving and is compared with another coevolutionary algoritm called cooperative coevolutionary genetic algorithm (CCGA). The algorithms are applied for parallel and distributed optimization of a number of test functions known in the area of evolutionary computation. We show that both coevolutionary algorithms outperform a sequential GA. While both LCGA and CCGA algorithms offer high quality solutions, they may compete to outperform each other in some specific test optimization problems. The LCGA may be recommended to be used in optimization systems when high degree of parallelism is possible and non global coordination is expected while the CCGA algorithm is useful when low degree of parallelism and global coordination is acceptable. © 2002 IEEE.

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Fuzzy agents versus intelligent swarms 1

Fuzzy agents versus intelligent swarms

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1st International IEEE symposium on Intelligent Systems

作者： Lakov, D Bulgarian Acad Sci Dept Intelligent Comp Technol BU-1113 Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)0780376013

The paper considers development of Soft computing Agents (SCA) via fuzzy paradigm into its narrower class: Fuzzy intelligent Agents (FA)s. As a synergy between Soft computing Technology and Intelligent Agents SCAs take advantages of flexible interpretation of the first and autonomous functioning of the second. Although Fuzzy Intelligent Agent narrows its tools to fuzzy paradigm it still makes clear basis of fuzzy seeking strategy. The investigation is focused on Information FA using such strategy. A promising advance in Optimal Routing marks ant-based Intelligent Agents. The practice of Swarm Oriented Agents SOA investigates a great majority of perspective decisions that are clarified using pheromone-like strategy. A drawback of this approach is rather intensive information exchange that forms optimal decisions. We propose similar swarm-oriente strategy based on fuzzy paradigm. In comparison with SOA it has two advantages: i. Significant decreasing of information exchange due to single swarm flooding after service activation, ii. Customer oriented preferences by service implementation. The strategy is applied for creation of Information FA in optimal routing tasks. These agents provide timely, consistent, and qualitative information to the node soliciting services. In such a way the bottleneck in the chain of Information Decision - State refreshing is decreased.

关键词： fuzzy intelligent agent optimal routing soft computing agent swarm oriented agent

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A fine-grained/coarse-grained heterogeneous reconfigurable DSP architecture based on parallel processing

A fine-grained/coarse-grained heterogeneous reconfigurable D...

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2nd International symposium on Instrumentation Science and Technology (ISIST 2002)

作者： Yang, Y Mao, ZG Lai, FC Harbin Inst Technol HIT Microelect Ctr Harbin 150001 HeiLongJiang Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)7560317685

In order to accelerate the processing rate of most DSP(Digital Signal Processing) related algorithms, such as FFT, FIR, Vector operations, and graphic and image manipulations, while the adaptability of the chip is kept, a reconfigurable architecture (named ReDAr) for DSP combining the merits of DSP processors, Reconfigurable computing and Parallel Processing is proposed, and applied to the Radar system of Automatic Navigation Instrument. By analyzing the computation structure of these algorithms and traditional architectures for DSP applications, the basic Processing Element (PE), Crossbar interconnect network, blocks of multi-port Memory organization, host controlling strategy, and data sequencing scheme of the architecture are conceived. Parts of the architecture, including the PE, Crossbar, data sequencer and I/O unit, have fine-grained or coarse-grained reconfigurability. After configuration, PEs and blocks of memory can be interconnected into a parallel and pipelined framework, which closely matches any one of the algorithms and acts like a dedicated hardware. By simulation, the performances of these algorithms mapped onto this architecture are comparative to algorithm specific chips in market, and satisfy the requirement of the targeted application.

关键词： DSP reconfigurable computing parallel processing fine-grained/coarse-grained reconfigurability

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Parallel finite element analysis of coupled problems 8th

Parallel finite element analysis of coupled problems

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8th International symposium on Numerical Models in Geomechanics, NUMOG 2002

作者： Smith, I.M. Margetts, L. School of Engineering University of Manchester United Kingdom Manchester Computing University of Manchester United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9789058093592

In geotechnical problems,two or more physical processes are often *** obvious example is Biot consolidation where the behaviour of the fluid and the soil skeleton are interdependent. In fluid flow, the pressure and velocity are coupled by the Navier-Stokes equations. These coupled problems have been successfully parallelised using an element by element strategy developed previously. The method is not restricted to problems of a geotechnical nature,it can be universally applied to any coupled physical process or multiphysics problem. To demonstrate this,the parallel solution of the fully coupled magnetohydrodynamic equations has also been investigated. Some interesting observations regarding numerical precision and the behaviour of the algorithm BiCGstab(1) are also discussed. © 2002 Swets & Zeitlinger, Lisse.

关键词： Navier Stokes equations

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Exploring errors in a medication process : An analysis of information delivery

Exploring errors in a medication process : An analysis of in...

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15th IEEE symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems (CBMS 2002)

作者： Lederman, R Parkes, C Univ Melbourne Parkville Vic 3052 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0769516149

In this paper we examine the prescribing process in a hospital to see whether information systems failure contributes to the occurrence of prescribing errors. Reason's model of organisational failure [11 suggests that this may be the case. Reason (1990) identifies circumstances in work systems and processes where errors may occur. While Reason's model has been applied in a medical context, it has not been previously linked to errors which result from Information Systems failure. It is held, however, that the model can be used as a predictive tool suggesting that prescribing errors have an increased likelihood of occurring if one or more of the types of failure identified in Reason's model are present in the existing Information delivery process in a hospital. In this research we examine the application of Reason's model in predicting prescribing errors and then calculate the extent to which these errors are evident in the hospital ward under examination.

关键词： Medical computing

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Multigrain parallelism for eigenvalue computations on networks of clusters 11

Multigrain parallelism for eigenvalue computations on networ...

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11th IEEE International symposium on High Performance Distributed computing (HPDC-11)

作者： McCombs, JR Stathopoulos, A Coll William & Mary Dept Comp Sci Williamsburg VA 23187 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769516866

Clusters of workstations have become a cost-effective means of performing scientific computations. However, large network latencies, resource sharing, and heterogeneity found in networks of clusters and Grids can impede the performance of applications not specifically tailored for use in such environments. A typical example is the traditional fine grain implementations of Krylov-like iterative methods, a central component in many scientific applications. To exploit the potential of these environments, advances in networking technology must be complemented by advances in parallel algorithmic design. In this paper we present an algorithmic technique that increases the granularity of parallel, block iterative methods by inducing additional work during the preconditioning (inexact solution) phase of the iteration. During this phase, each vector in the block is preconditioned by a different subgroup of processors, yielding a much coarser granularity The rest of the method comprises a small portion of the total time and is still implemented in fine grain. We call this combination of fine an coarse grain parallelism multigrain. We apply this idea to the block Jacobi-Davidson eigensolver and present experimental data that shows the significant reduction of latency effects on networks of clusters of roughly equal capacity and size. We conclude with a discussion on how multigrain can be applied dynamically based on runtime network performance monitoring.

关键词： Computer networks Concurrent computing Delay Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Impedance Iterative algorithms Iterative methods Parallel processing Resource management Workstations

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How computers really work: A children's guide

How computers really work: A children's guide

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2002 Workshop on Computer Architecture Education, WCAE 2002

作者： Crossley, Shirley Osborne, Hugh Yurcik, William School of Computing and Mathematics University of Huddersfield Queensgate HuddersfieldHD1 3DH United Kingdom Dept. of Applied Computer Science Illinois State University NormalIL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450347310

Current Information Technology teaching at elementary school level concentrates on teaching pupils "application skills". Very little time is spent in teaching pupils the fundamentals of "how a computer works" - computer architectures. One source of this lacuna is the lack of suitable support material for teaching the basic concepts of computer architecture to this age group. This paper reports on the inves tigation, development and evaluation of a pilot computer architecture CD-ROM, aimed at 7-11 year olds.

关键词： Computer architecture

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Enhancing the performance of tiled loop execution onto clusters using memory mapped network interfaces and pipelined schedules 16

Enhancing the performance of tiled loop execution onto clust...

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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Sotiropoulos, A. Tsoukalas, G. Koziris, N. National Technical University of Athens Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Computing Systems Laboratory Zografou Campus Zografou15773 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

This paper describes the performance benefits attained using enhanced network interfaces to achieve low latency communication. Our experimental testbed concerns the parallel execution of tiled nested loops onto a Linux PC cluster with PCI-SCI NICs (Dolphin D330). Tiles are necessarily exchanging data and should also have large computational grain, so that their parallel execution becomes beneficial. We schedule tiles much more efficiently by exploiting the inherent overlapping between communication and computation phases among successive, atomic tile executions. The applied nonblocking schedule resembles a pipelined datapath where computation phases are overlapped with communication ones, instead of being interleaved with them. We are using DMA communication mode, to remote write (send) data to other nodes, while the host CPU is computing all iterations within each tile. We achieve zero-copy communication through pinned-down physical memory regions for DMA (PCI exported segments to SCI global space). Results illustrate that when using enhanced communication features such as DMA transfers, memory-mapped interfaces and zero-copy mechanisms, overall performance is considerably enhanced than when typically using conventional, CPU and kernel bounded, communication primitives. © 2002 IEEE.

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Generating parallel programs from the wavefront design pattern 16

Generating parallel programs from the wavefront design patte...

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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Anvik, J. MacDonald, S. Szafron, D. Schaeffer, J. Bromling, S. Tan, Kai Department of Computing Science University of Alberta Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

Object-oriented programming, design patterns, and frameworks are common techniques that have been used to reduce the complexity of sequential programming. We have applied these techniques to the more difficult domain of parallel programming. This paper describes CO2P3S, a pattern-based parallel programming system that generates parallel programs from parallel design patterns. We demonstrate CO2P3S by applying a new design pattern called the Wavefront pattern to three problems. We show that it is quick and easy to use CO2P3S to generate structurally correct parallel programs with good speed-ups on shared-memory computers. © 2002 IEEE.

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Treating a user-defined parallel library as a domain-specific language 16

Treating a user-defined parallel library as a domain-specifi...

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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Quinlan, D.J. Miller, B. Philip, B. Schordan, M. Center for Applied Scientific Computing Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

The software crisis within scientific computing has been that application codes become larger and more complex. The only conceivable solution is to make application codes smaller and less complex. We know of no way to resolve this crisis, except to make each line of code mean more;this is the process of defining high-level abstractions. Achieving high-performance from high-level abstractions represents an essential key to simplifying scientific software. This paper presents several high-level abstractions used within scientific computing. These abstractions are part of multiple object-oriented libraries and represent complex and precise semantics. In each case the semantics of the abstraction is user-defined and ignored by the compilation process at a significant performance penalty for the application code. Our research work presents a mechanism to analyze and optimize the use of high-level abstractions within scientific applications. In this paper, we show that the high-level abstractions are not just significantly easier to use in the development of application code but can be made to perform equivalently to hand-coded C and Fortran. Our research work shows how to effectively treat any object-oriented library and its abstractions as if it where a domain-specific language with equivalent builtin types and specialized compile-time analysis and optimizations. With acceptable performance of high-level abstractions within scientific software, we expect that application codes can be made smaller and less complex;allowing much more complex applications to be built in the future. © 2002 IEEE.

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