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proceedings of 2004 International Conference on Machine Learning and Cybernetics

作者： Wang, De-Feng Chan, Patrick P.K. Yeung, Daniel S. Tsang, Eric C.C. Department of Computing Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)0780384032

In the context of support vector machines, feature selection is motivated mainly by the consideration of classification speed and generalization ability. Sensitivity analysis of MLP and RBF has already been successfully applied in feature subset selection. In this paper, we present a novel feature selection method for Support Vector Machines (SVMs) using the sensitivity analysis of SVMs, which is defined as the deviation of separation margin with respect to the perturbation of given feature. The method we proposed can directly be applied to multi-class SVMs. Our experiments validate that the proposed strategy produces satisfactory results both on artificial and real-world data.

关键词： Learning systems

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Improving the performance of the LF-ASD Brain Computer Interface by means of genetic algorithm

Improving the performance of the LF-ASD Brain Computer Inter...

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Fourth IEEE International symposium on Signal processing and Information Technology, ISSPIT 2004

作者： Fatourechi, Mehrdad Bashashati, Ali Borisoff, Jaimie F. Birch, Gary E. Ward, Rabab K. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Neil Squire Foundation Burnaby BC V5M 3Z3 Canada Institute for Computing Information and Cognitive Systems Vancouver BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0780386892

The Low Frequency-Asynchronous Switch Design (the LF-ASD) was introduced as a direct asynchronous Brain Computer Interface (BCI) system. An asynchronous BCI system is activated only when a user intends control and maintains an inactive state output when a user is not meaning to control the device. Results from the LF-ASD evaluations have shown promise, although the reported error rates are still high for most practical applications. One reason is that, so far, no user customization has been done on the LF-ASD. In this paper Genetic Algorithms are applied to automatically customize the length of the Energy Normalization Transform (ENT) in the LF-ASD. In a previous design, it has been shown that the ENT is probably the greatest source of improvement, so tuning it would probably yield the best short term results. Results for three subjects show encouraging results for the proposed algorithm with respect to the previous designs. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Brain

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A hybrid method for fast computing the curvature scale space image

A hybrid method for fast computing the curvature scale space...

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International Conference on Geometric Modeling and Processing

作者： Zhong, BJ Liao, WH Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Mech & Elect Engn Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0769520782

The curvature scale space (CSS) technique is one of the key techniques of the MPEG-7 international standard in Computer Vision and Image Processing It was selected as a contour shape descriptor for MPEG-7 after substantial and comprehensive testing However to compute a CSS image in general needs to wait a long time. This is very disadvantageous when the CSS technique is applied to an object recognition system to perform real-time recognition. In order to solve this bottleneck problem, a hybrid method for fast computing the CSS image is proposed in the present paper In the method, firstly the curve is evolved in low scale space, and after image noise is suppressed then the curvature is evolved directly Numerical experiments show that the hybrid method can perform equally well as the existing method. It is suitable for recognizing a noisy curve of arbitrary shape at any scale or orientation. On the other hand, the hybrid method only requires 1/3 similar to 1/5 CPU time of the existing one. As a result, the CSS technique is improved significantly for real-time recognition.

关键词： Computer vision

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A comparison of three methods for computing the center of gravity defuzzification

A comparison of three methods for computing the center of gr...

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Annual IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems

作者： Van Broekhoven, E De Baets, B State Univ Ghent Dept Appl Math Biometr & Proc Control Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)0780383532

In this article three methods are presented to perform the center of gravity defuzzification method: one well-known method, the discretisation method, and two new methods, the slope-based method and the modified transformation function method. The methods are worked out for trapezoidal membership functions forming a fuzzy (Ruspini) partition. Experimental results show that the newly introduced methods exhibit excellent accuracy at an extremely low computational cost compared to the widely applied discretisation method.

关键词： Computational methods

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A framework for robust mobile robot systems

A framework for robust mobile robot systems

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Conference on Mobile Robots XVII

作者： Melchior, NA Smart, WD Washington Univ St Louis MO 63130 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819455628

Fielded mobile robot systems will inevitably suffer hardware and software failures. Failures in a single subsystem can often disable the entire robot, especially if the controlling application does not consider such failures. Often simple measures, such as a software restart or the use of a secondary sensor, can solve the problem. However, these fixes must generally be applied by a human expert, who might not be present in the field. In this paper, we describe a recovery-oriented framework for mobile robot applications which addresses this problem in two ways. First, fault isolation automatically provides graceful degradation of the overall system as individual software and hardware components fail. In addition, subsystems are monitored for known failure modes or aberrant behavior. The framework responds to detected or immanent failures by restarting or replacing the suspect component in a manner transparent to the application programmer and the robot's operator.

关键词： autonomic computing recovery-oriented computing fault tolerance mobile robotics software architecture

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Usability evaluation of distributed groupware in distance learning

Usability evaluation of distributed groupware in distance le...

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proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training, ITHET 2004

作者： Blake, Canan Tosunoglu Rapanotti, Lucia Institute of Educational Technology Open University Computing Department Open University

ISBN: (纸本)0780385969

This paper deals with the development of an inspection method for the evaluation of synchronous groupware in e-Learning. Distributed groupware are software applications that are able to facilitate collaboration among groups of people over the Internet. These applications are difficult to evaluate due to presence of multiple users working collaboratively in educational or business settings. Recently researchers have investigated the suitability of inspection methods to complement traditional evaluation techniques. So far, such techniques have been applied primarily to groupware within businesses. In this paper, we look at how some of these techniques could be adapted and extended for the evaluation of groupware in learning. ©2004 IEEE.

关键词： Distance education

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Exponential lower bound for 2-query locally decodable codes via a quantum argument

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SCIENCES 2004年第3期69卷 395-420页

作者： Kerenidis, I de Wolf, R CWI INS4 NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam Netherlands Univ Calif Berkeley CS Div Berkeley CA 94720 USA

A locally decodable code (LDC) encodes n-bit strings x in m-bit codewords C(x) in such a way that one can recover any bit xi from a corrupted codeword by querying only a few bits of that word. We use a quantum argument to prove that LDCs with 2 classical queries require exponential length: m = 2(Omega(17)). Previously, this was known only for linear codes (Goldreich et al., in: proceedings of 17th IEEE Conference on Computation Complexity, 2002, pp. 175-183). The proof proceeds by showing that a 2-query LDC can be decoded with a single quantum query, when defined in an appropriate sense. It goes on to establish an exponential lower bound on any '1-query locally quantum-decodable code'. We extend our lower bounds to non-binary alphabets and also somewhat improve the polynomial lower bounds by Katz and Trevisan for LDCs with more than 2 queries. Furthermore, we show that q quantum queries allow more succinct LDCs than the best known LDCs with q classical queries. Finally, we give new classical lower bounds and quantum upper bounds for the setting of private information retrieval. In particular, we exhibit a quantum 2-server private information retrieval (PIR) scheme with O(n(3/10)) qubits of communication, beating the O(n(1/3)) bits of communication of the best known classical 2-server PIR. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： quantum computing locally decodable codes private information retrieval

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FreeMMG: A scalable and cheat-resistant distribution model for Internet games 04

FreeMMG: A scalable and cheat-resistant distribution model f...

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8th IEEE International symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (DS-RT 2004)

作者： Cecin, FR Real, R Jannone, RD Geyer, CFR Martins, MG Barbosa, JLV Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil Univ Vale Rio dos Sinos UNISINOS Sao Leopoldo RS Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0769522327

State-of-the-art Massively Multiplayer Games such as EverQuest and Ultima Online are currently implemented as client-server systems. Although this approach allows the development of commercially viable MMG services, the costs associated with running a scalable client-server MMG service are often too high for small companies or research projects. This paper proposes FreeMMG, a mixed peer-to-peer and client-server approach to the distribution aspect of MMGs. It is argued that the FreeMMG model supports scalable, cheat-resistant, massively multiplayer real-time strategy (RTS) games using a lightweight server that delegates the bulk of the game simulation to the clients. A working prototype game called FreeMMG Wizards is presented, together with some preliminary scalability test results featuring up to 300 simulated game clients connected to a FreeMMG server The results show that the measured server traffic can be considered very low if compared with more centralized alternatives.

关键词： Internet Web server Network servers Costs Peer to peer computing Virtual prototyping Scalability Testing Protection Hardware

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Investigating behavioural state data-partitioning for user-modelling in distributed interactive applications 04

Investigating behavioural state data-partitioning for user-m...

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8th IEEE International symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (DS-RT 2004)

作者： McCoy, A McLoone, S Ward, T Delaney, D Natl Univ Ireland Dept Elect Engn Maynooth Kildare Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)0769522327

Distributed Interactive Applications (DIAs) have been gaining commercial success in recent years due to the widespread appeal of networked multiplayer computer games. Within these games, participants interact with each other and their environment, producing complex behavioural patterns that evolve over time. These patterns are non-linear, and often appear to exhibit dependencies under certain conditions. In this paper, we analyse the behavioural patterns of two users interacting in a DIA. Our motivation behind this analysis is to construct models of user behaviour that can be used within Entity-State-Update (ESU) mechanisms. By representing their behaviour as time-series datasets, we investigate the use of simple statistical dependence measures to help partition the datasets and identify three different types of behavioural states exhibited by the two users. It is our intention that future research on ESU mechanisms can utilize this behavioural partitioning to reduce the network traffic in a DIA based on a hybrid-model approach.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Application software Computer networks Distributed computing Computer science Electronic mail Pattern analysis Telecommunication traffic Virtual reality Collaboration

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Middleware support for reconciling client updates and data transcoding

Middleware support for reconciling client updates and data t...

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MobiSys 2004 - Second International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services

作者： Phan, Thomas Zorpas, George Bagrodia, Rajive Computer Science Department 3809 Boelter Hall Univ. of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA 90095 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1581137931

In mobile Internet applications, data can be transcoded, updated, and transferred across heterogenous clients. The problem then arises where updates made in the context of an initial transcoding results in content too stringently transcoded for subsequent clients, thereby causing loss of semantic value. We solve this problem by suggesting that the updates themselves can be transformed so that they can be applied directly to the original data instead of to the transcoded data;this approach allows the data to preserve as much semantic value as possible across all heterogeneous clients without unnecessary transcoding artifacts. We define reconciliation rules that can govern the interaction between client updates and transcoding, demonstrate a complete middleware architecture that supports our methodology, and provide two case studies using content-transferring applications. We show that our resulting middleware system executes our reconciliation approach with acceptable latency (under 5 seconds for 200 kbytes of layered content), good scalability, and well-organised modularity.

关键词： Mobile computing

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