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Building Multi-Resolution Volumetric 3D Maps in Real-Time Using CPU 7

Building Multi-Resolution Volumetric 3D Maps in Real-Time Us...

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IEEE/SICE International symposium on System Integration (SII)

作者： Ktiri, Youssef Okada, Kei Inaba, Masayuki Univ Tokyo Dept Mechanoinformat Bunkyo Ku 7F Build 2 Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969449

We propose an approach to fuse sequences of point cloud data from RGB-D cameras or other Laser sensors into one multi-resolution volumetric map. Our approach can work with one or multiple generic sensors and bases on an octree-like data structure to compress data into a memory efficient and multi-resolution map. Such map correctly models free, occupied as well as unknown space and can be suitable for robot navigation. We make use of a fast neighbour search on octrees to reach real-time registration on CPU. Our system does not require availability of a state-of-art GPU and hence can be run on systems with limited on-board computational resources like flying robots. We present our first experimental results using such approach.

关键词： computer graphics image resolution octrees search problems sensor fusion CPU fast neighbour search multiresolution volumetric 3D maps octree-like data structure point cloud data sequences fusion real-time registration Cameras graphics processing units Octrees Robots Sensors Three-dimensional displays octrees central processing units three-dimensional displays tabu search Cameras image resolution Sensor fusion computer graphics Robot Multi-resolution graphics processing Unit Sensors Laser sensors

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Interactive Object Class Segmentation for Mobile Devices 27

Interactive Object Class Segmentation for Mobile Devices

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27th SIBGRAPI Conference on graphics, Patterns and images (SIBGRAPI)

作者： Gallo, Ignazio Zamberletti, Alessandro Noce, Lucia Univ Insubria Dept Theoret & Appl Sci DiSTA Varese Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479942602

In this paper we propose an interactive approach for object class segmentation of natural images on touch-screen capable mobile devices. The key research question to which this paper tries to give an answer is: can we effectively correct the errors committed by an automatic or semi-automatic figure-ground segmentation algorithm while also providing real time feedback to the user on a low computational power mobile device? Many research works focused on improving automatic or semi-automatic figure-ground segmentation algorithms, but none tried to take advantage of the existing touch-screen technology integrated in most modern mobile devices to optimize the segmentation results of these algorithms. Our key idea is to use superpixels as interactive buttons that can be quickly tapped by the user to be added or removed from an initial low quality segmentation mask, with the aim of correcting the segmentation errors and produce a satisfying final result. We performed an extensive analysis of the proposed approach by implementing it both on a desktop computer and a mid-range Android device;even though our method is extremely simple, the results we obtained are comparable with those achieved by other state-of-the-art interactive segmentation algorithms. As such, we believe that the proposed approach can be exploited by most image editing mobile applications to provide a simple but highly effective method for interactive object class segmentation.

关键词： Interactive image Segmentation Object Class Segmentation GrabCut Segmentation Superpixel Segmentation

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Improving Visual Communication for EIT-based Lung Research

Improving Visual Communication for EIT-based Lung Research

引用

IEEE Pacific Visualization symposium (PacificVis)

作者： Gillmann, Christina Salz, Peter Univ Kaiserslautern Comp Graph & HCI Grp D-67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479928736

EIT (Electrical Impedance Tomography) is a novel imaging method visualizing impedance changes in the thorax mainly influenced by breathing and heart beating. Unfortunately, this technique has a poor image resolution. To improve the quality of EIT images, computer scientists and medical researchers are working together on the image reconstruction process of the data. As their background is different, there exist difficulties in the communication while assessing data and images. We provide a visualization of the thorax containing CT (computer Tomography) and EIT images closing this gap. It is 3D, multimodal, semiabstract and suitable for both groups, and shows a rendered thorax volume with an embedded 2D EIT movie. The EIT image reconstruction contains several computational intermediate stages which are used to improve the volume rendering transfer function. Additionally, isosurfaces show context structures to understand spatial coherences more easily. The visualization is designed to be interactive and remove visual clutter to provide a direct view to the lung, which is the focus of interest. The results show that our visualization is able to give a basis for discussion for medical researchers as well as for computer scientists. Phenomena that have been discovered during long discussions are easier to detect. Furthermore it is possible to obtain new knowledge and address questions in terms of EIT.

关键词： computerised tomography data visualisation electric impedance imaging image reconstruction image resolution medical image processing rendering (computer graphics) transfer functions visual communication CT EIT images EIT-based lung research computer tomography context structures electrical impedance tomography embedded 2D EIT movie image reconstruction process image resolution impedance change visualization method isosurfaces rendered thorax volume spatial coherences visual clutter removal visual communication volume rendering transfer function Biomedical imaging Computed tomography computers Data visualization Lungs Rendering (computer graphics)

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Analytical Visualization of Large-scale data of 3D Cultural Objects

Analytical Visualization of Large-scale data of 3D Cultural ...

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IEEE Pacific Visualization symposium (PacificVis)

作者： Tanaka, Satoshi Ritsumeikan Univ Kyoto Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479928736

For appreciating 3D cultural objects, e. g., artistic statues, traditional vehicles, and historical buildings or cities, visualization has mainly been used in the following styles: (1) realistic computer graphics, (2) artistic computer graphics, and (3) interactive virtual reality. However, for academic studying of 3D cultural objects, these styles are insufficient. Namely, we need more analytical styles that can extract invisible or veiled features of visualized targets. What makes such analytical visualization more important is recent rapid development of range-sensing technology to digitally archive real 3D objects. For example, modern laser scanning produces over 107 or 10(8) 3D point data for one measurement. To extract useful information from such large-scale and complex data, we need (A) precise 3D transparent visualization, (B) superposition of visual assistants, and (C) time-series visualization.

关键词： computer graphics [I.3.m]: Miscellaneous image processing and computer Vision [I.4.8]: Scene Analysis Range data

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A Highly-Parallel Approach on Motion Estimation for High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)

A Highly-Parallel Approach on Motion Estimation for High Eff...

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IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

作者： Radicke, S. Hahn, J. Grecos, C. Wang, Q. Stuttgart Media Univ Stuttgart Germany Univ West Scotland Paisley Renfrew Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)9781479912919

The new High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard will most likely be used in many applications in the near future. However, the encoding process is extremely complex and hence very time consuming. We propose a hybrid encoding architecture, which uses a graphics processing Unit (GPU) to perform uni-predictive Motion Estimation (ME) in a highly-parallel manner. This results in notable time savings of up to 57.41% for high definition video sequences, while the Rate Distortion (RD) performance is only insignificantly affected.

关键词： graphics processing units image sequences motion estimation parallel processing video coding GPU HEVC standard ME RD encoding process graphics processing unit high definition video sequences high efficiency video coding highly-parallel approach hybrid encoding architecture rate distortion performance unipredictive motion estimation Central processing Unit computer architecture Encoding graphics processing units Motion estimation Video coding

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Semi-Supervised Learning for Relevance Feedback on image Retrieval Tasks 27

Semi-Supervised Learning for Relevance Feedback on Image Ret...

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27th SIBGRAPI Conference on graphics, Patterns and images (SIBGRAPI)

作者： Guimaraes Pedronette, Daniel Carlos Calumby, Rodrigo T. Torres, Ricardo da S. State Univ Sao Paulo UNESP Dept Stat Appl Math & Comp Rio Claro SP Brazil Univ Campinas UNICAMP Inst Comp Recod Lab Campinas SP Brazil Univ Feira de Santana UEFS Dept Exact Sci Feira De Santana BA Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479942602

Relevance feedback approaches have been established as an important tool for interactive search, enabling users to express their needs. However, in view of the growth of multimedia collections available, the user efforts required by these methods tend to increase as well, demanding approaches for reducing the need of user interactions. In this context, this paper proposes a semi-supervised learning algorithm for relevance feedback to be used in image retrieval tasks. The proposed semi-supervised algorithm aims at using both supervised and unsupervised approaches simultaneously. While a supervised step is performed using the information collected from the user feedback, an unsupervised step exploits the intrinsic dataset structure, which is represented in terms of ranked lists of images. Several experiments were conducted for different image retrieval tasks involving shape, color, and texture descriptors and different datasets. The proposed approach was also evaluated on multimodal retrieval tasks, considering visual and textual descriptors. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： content-based image retrieval semi-supervised learning relevance feedback recommendation

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Evaluation of a feature tracking vision application on a heterogeneous chip 26

Evaluation of a feature tracking vision application on a het...

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26th International symposium on computer Architecture and High Performance Computing, SBAC-PAD 2014

作者： Gran, Rubén Shi, August Totoni, Ehsan Garzarán, María J. University of Zaragoza C/ María de Luna 3 Zaragoza50018 Spain University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 201 N. Goodwin UrbanaIL61801 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969043

Consumers of personal devices such as desktops, tablets, or smart phones run applications based on image or video processing, as they enable a natural computer-user interaction. The challenge with these computationally demanding applications is to execute them efficiently. One way to address this problem is to use on-chip heterogeneous systems, where tasks can execute in the device where they run more efficiently. In this paper, we discuss the optimization of a feature tracking application, written in OpenCL, when running on an on-chip heterogeneous platform. Our results show that OpenCL can facilitate programming of these heterogeneous systems because it provides a unified programming paradigm and at the same time can deliver significant performance improvements. We show that, after optimization, our feature tracking application runs 3.2, 2.6, and 4.3 times faster and consumes 2.2, 3.1, and 2.7 times less energy when running on the multicore, the GPU, or both the CPU and the GPU of an Intel i7, respectively. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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Lane Detection and Estimation using Perspective image 2

Lane Detection and Estimation using Perspective Image

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2nd brazilian Robotics symposium (SBR) / 11th Latin American Robotics symposium (LARS) / 6th Robocontrol Workshop on Applied Robotics and Automation

作者： Batista, Marcos Paulo Shinzato, Patrick Y. Wolf, Denis F. Gomes, Diego Univ Sao Paulo ICMC USP Inst Math & Comp Sci Mobile Robot Lab Sao Carlos SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479967117

Lateral localization of an autonomous vehicle within its lane is major information for its adequate control and navigation. computer vision and robotics communities have used primarily images to Bird's Eye View for easier data manipulation than perspective image. Nevertheless, this technique usually assumes that the terrain is flat and needs calibration for its transformation matrix. In this paper an efficient method of detection and estimation of lane-based perspective image of a monocular camera is presented. Our algorithm is based on robust image processing, using Probabilistic Hough Transform, road marker estimation, and vehicle lateral localization in the lane. Our system provides satisfactory results, demonstrating its ability to detect lanes in several situations, including in variable light conditions, and even during the night. Our system also does not rely on metric data, but provides useful control information using the pixel's proportion. Therefore, the proposed methodology contributes a robust and user-friendly system that depends exclusively on a perspective image.

关键词： Lane detection lane estimation perspective image computer vision

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Designing Stationary Airborne Ultrasonic 3D Tactile Object 7

Designing Stationary Airborne Ultrasonic 3D Tactile Object

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IEEE/SICE International symposium on System Integration (SII)

作者： Inoue, Seki Makino, Yasutoshi Shinoda, Hiroyuki Univ Tokyo Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Tokyo Japan Univ Tokyo Grad Sch Frontier Sci Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969449

In this paper we denote the system to display aerial 3D virtual tactile object by using airborne ultrasound. By controlling acoustic pressure distribution in the cavity surrounded by ultrasonic phased array, stationary and freely touchable aerial virtual object can be achieved without counting on sensor feedback. We address a method to render pressure distribution to obtain some specific forms. We implemented phased array system mounting about four thousand transducers three-dimensionally. Aerial three dimensional haptic image superimposed on three dimensional optic image are achieved with this device.

关键词： feedback haptic interfaces image processing rendering (computer graphics) three-dimensional displays ultrasonic arrays acoustic pressure distribution aerial 3D virtual tactile object aerial three-dimensional haptic image stationary airborne ultrasonic 3D tactile object three-dimensional optic image transducers ultrasonic phased array Acoustics Arrays Educational institutions Haptic interfaces Three-dimensional displays Transducers Ultrasonic imaging three-dimensional displays Haptic interfaces Transducers Ultrasonography Pressure Distribution Educational institutions phased array Acoustics Rendering (computer graphics) Feedback image processing

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Predicting GPU performance from CPU runs using machine learning 26

Predicting GPU performance from CPU runs using machine learn...

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26th International symposium on computer Architecture and High Performance Computing, SBAC-PAD 2014

作者： Baldini, Ioana Fink, Stephen J. Altman, Erik IBM Research United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781479969043

graphics processing units (GPUs) can deliver considerable performance gains over general purpose processors. However, GPU performance improvement vary considerably across applications. Porting applications to GPUs by rewriting code with GPU-specific languages requires significant effort. In consequence, it is desirable to predict which applications would benefit most before porting to the GPU. This paper shows that machine learning techniques can build accurate predictive models for GPU acceleration. This study presents an approach which applies supervised learning algorithms to infer predictive models, based on dynamic profile data collected via instrumented runs on general purpose processors. For a set of 18 parallel benchmarks, the results show that a small set of easily-obtainable features can predict the magnitude of GPU speedups on two different high-end GPUs, with accuracies varying between 77% and 90%, depending on the prediction mechanism and scenario. For already-ported applications, similar models can predict the best device to run an application with an effective accuracy of 91%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： graphics processing unit

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