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检索条件"任意字段=Cardiovascular Imaging and Image Processing: Theory and Practice 1975"

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Dynamic radionuclide determination of regional left ventricular wall motion using a new digital imaging device

Dynamic radionuclide determination of regional left ventricu...

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Steele, Peter Kirch, Dennis Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine Nuclear Medicine Service Department of Radiology Denver Veterans Administration Hospital 1055 Clermont St. DenverCo80220 United States

Several indices of left ventricular systolic performance have been proposed, one of which, left ventricular ejection fraction, has been extensively applied to clinical problems of patients with heart disease. Left ventricular ejection fraction, which is the ratio of left ventricular stroke volume to end-diastolic volume, is usually performed by left heart catheterization with contrast ventriculography. Catheterization ordinarily requires hospitalization, is relatively expensive and has a definite, although low, morbidity and mortality. In particular contrast ventriculography does not lend itself to serial study at frequent intervals. Consequently several radionuclide methods have been developed which accurately measure left ventricular ejection fraction. In these methods an Anger scintillation camera is used with 99mTechnetium to record either an electrocardiographically gated (1) or a dynamic radionuclide angiocardiogram (2)(3).

关键词： Cameras Computing systems image intensifiers imaging systems image segmentation Scintillation imaging devices Sensors Heart Motion measurement

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Clinical applications of a quantitative analysis of regional left ventricular wall motion

Clinical applications of a quantitative analysis of regional...

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Leighton, Richard F. Rich, John M. Pollack, Mary E. Altieri, Pablo I. Division of Cardiology Medical College of Ohio ToledoOH43614 United States

The increasing use of left ventricular cineangiography as a diagnostic and decision-making tool in patients with coronary heart disease has resulted in the definition of certain gross regional abnormalities of wall motion, principally akinesis and paradoxical motion or dyskinesis. These abnormalities have been shown to correlate well with sites of coronary obstructive lesions and with electrocardiographic evidence of myocardial infarction (1,2,3). Such areas of abnormal wall motion may be best displayed by the superimposition of traced left ventricular silhouettes but they are usually obvious on viewing the projected cineangiograms.

关键词： image segmentation Surgery Heart Arteries Quantitative analysis Motion analysis Angiography Wave propagation Chest Patents

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Computer processing of echocardiographic images

Computer processing of echocardiographic images

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Sanders, William J. Harrison, Donald C. Cardiology Division Stanford University School of Medicine StanfordCA94305 United States

Echocardiograms are commonly used in clinical medicine to diagnose valvular disease by measurement of valve velocity and displacement (1), to determine the presence of pericardial effusions (2), and to measure systolic and diastolic left vertricular diameter (3). The latter measurements may be used to calculate ventricular volume, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output under certain defined conditions (4). Standard practice for recording echocardiographic images has been to photograph an oscilloscope with a Polaroid camera. More recently, a cathode ray tube oscillograph has been used to make a continuous record of valve motion, pericardium, and the size of intracardiac chambers as the aim of the transducer is varied. Quantitative measurement of size and motion of cardiac structures is performed using pencil and ruler or, in a few cases, using electronic coordinate digitizers and either computers or desk calculators. The information that can be obtained from a standard echocardiogram is thus limited to that which can be obtained from visual impressions and measurements of photo-graphic records.

关键词： image processing Transducers Data storage Ultrasonography Analog electronics Heart Computing systems Human-machine interfaces Tissues Echocardiography

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Acquisition of quantitative physiological data and computerized image reconstruction using a single scan TV system

Acquisition of quantitative physiological data and computeri...

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Baily, Norman A. Division of Radiological Physics and Engineering Department of Radiology University of California San DiegoCA92037 United States

The capabilities of x-ray fluoroscopic imaging systems to provide large amounts of quantitative information in both clinical procedures and in a research environment has not been generally appreciated. In addition, in many instances the chain can be modified to produce single images at substantially lower patient dose than when operated in the conventional manner. Even when operated in the conventional manner, the analog video signal is capable of providing much physiological information by utilizing the techniques of video densitometry (1-5). In addition the analog signal has been processed by computer to yield quantitative data for certain cardiac functions (6-9). However, modification to single scan operation provides images with lower patient dose and with higher spatial resolution. Conversion to a digital format provides the opportunity for use of simple processing for the elimination of statistically independent noise thereby increasing precision, absolute accuracy, and gray scale sensitivity.

关键词： Video X-rays X-ray imaging Computing systems Data acquisition Biliary calculi image restoration Radiology Tomography Analog electronics

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Sector-scanning echocardiography

Sector-scanning echocardiography

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Henry, Walter L. Griffith, James M. Cardiology Branch and Biomedical Engineering and Instrumentation Division National Heart and Lung Institute BethesdaMD United States

Echocardiography is a widely-used noninvasive diagnostic technique that is extremely valuable in evaluating patients with suspected heart disease. As routinely used, this technique utilizes a single ultrasound transducer that can be oriented so that the ultra-sound beam is directed through a specific region of the heart. With this method, rapidly moving structures can be easily visualized. The spatial orientation of cardiac structures, however, is more difficult to evaluate, a limitation that is particularly important when evaluating congenital heart disease where normal anatomic relations cannot be relied upon. In order to overcome this difficulty, several systems have been developed to image a larger region of the heart. These systems can be grouped into a) real-time systems (1-3); i.e., those that allow visualization of heart motion while it actually is occurring and b) non-real time systems (4,5); i.e., those that require multiple consecutive heart beats in order to construct images of the heart.

关键词： Heart Video Visualization Transducers Signal processing Chest Scanners Arteries Echocardiography Ultrasonography

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Quantitative analysis of regional myocardial performance in coronary artery disease

Quantitative analysis of regional myocardial performance in ...

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Stewart, Douglas K. Dodge, Harold T. Frimer, Morris University Hospital University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States

The systolic ejection fraction has been the standard method for assessing left ventricular performance. However, it is evident that this measure of overall ventricular performance does not fully describe abnormalities in local myocardial performance characteristic of coronary artery disease. For example, areas of hypokinesis can frequently be found in subjects with normal ejection fraction. Several methods have been proposed for the study of local wall motion based on the change in the length of chords drawn to the endocardial silhouette from left ventricular single or bi-plane angiograms (1,2,3,4,5,6,7). More recently, Welch has suggested that the extent of local wall motion at midsystole is more often abnormal than the total shortening at end sys-stole in ischemic heart disease (8).

关键词： Arteries image segmentation Control systems Angiography Quantitative analysis Heart Adaptive optics Cameras Chest image analysis

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Three-dimensional imaging of the myocardium with isotopes

Three-dimensional imaging of the myocardium with isotopes

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Budinger, T.F. Medical Services Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Research Physician Donner Laboratory University of California BerkeleyCA United States

More than 100,000 Americans die each year from fatal heart attacks. Whereas, coronary intensive care units have made significant progress in controlling potentially lethal arrhythmias, there has been no success in reversing cardiogenic shock. Methods proposed for treating patients with myocardial infarction or severe myocardial ischemia include early diagnosis and chemical or physical in-tervention measures designed to minimize the volume of the infarcted tissue. In order to evaluate these approaches, we seek new meth-ods for noninvasively quantitating the volume of the ischemic and infarcted myocardium. Some isotopes which localize in the healthy myocardium, and others which accumulate specifically in the ischemic myocardium, offer a sensitive noninvasive technique of following myocardial injury. However, simple two-dimensional imaging of the distribution of injected isotopes such as 43K, 81Rb, 201T1 for negative imaging, or 99mTc-tetracycline, 99mTc-pyrophosphate, or 203Hg-chlormerodrin for positive imaging, is not adequate for quantitative and definitive evaluation of the function of the myocardium. Gamma camera or rectilinear scanner images suffer from the fact that the isotope distribution throughout the entire thorax is projected onto a plane and the resulting poor contrast image repre-sents not only myocardial uptake, but appreciable uptake by skeletal muscle and adjacent soft tissues for negative agents such as 201T1; and uptake by the ribs and sternum for the positive agents such as 99mTc-pyrophos-phate. These problems can be circumvented by three-dimensional imaging techniques, and this paper is devoted to a discussion of three methods of imaging the three-dimensional dis-tribution of isotopes in the myocardium: (1) Three-dimensional imaging using multiple Angercamera views. (2) Longitudinal tomographic images with compensation for blurring. (3) Transverse-section reconstruction using coincidence detection of annihilation gammas from positron emitting isot

关键词： Sensors Crystals Cameras 3D image processing Heart Tomography Signal attenuation Photons imaging systems Collimation

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Computer measurement and representation of the heart in two and three dimensions

Computer measurement and representation of the heart in two ...

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cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Rasmussen, Daryl Ames Research Center NASA Moffett FieldCA94035 United States

The cardiovascular Research Laboratory at Ames Research Center is concerned with heart performance under conditions of stress associated with flight. Physiological studies are conducted on human and animal subjects using hemodynamic and angiographic techniques to assess cardiac function. Studies over the past few years have demonstrated the importance of size and shape changes in the cardiac ventricle in reflecting changes in physiological performance at rest or following interventions such as drugs, exercise, or surgery (1, 2). Experience has also shown that angio-cardiography is the only reliable means of measuring overall changes for the chamber under study. Although many other means are available for obtaining heart dimensional information, they usually provide only a single dimension such as a chamber diameter. This paper surveys our methods for accurate measurement and meaningful display of cardiac dimensions as obtained from fluoroscopy. The emphasis has been on scaling recorded images back to actual dimensions and displaying cardiac motion to assess functional changes. This has been accomplished by use of a low-cost but flexible ensemble of computer and video equipment which assists in (1) digitizing image outlines or points, (2) filing digitized images for later recall in any sequence, (3) correcting recorded images for distortion, (4) modeling heart geometry, (5) analyzing dimensional changes, and (6) displaying both heart geometry and results of analysis in a useful form.

关键词： Heart image intensifiers Video Angiography X-rays Distortion Visualization 3D metrology Analytical research Data storage

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Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide angiography: Comparison to echocardiography and serial measurements in patients with myocardial infarction

Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuc...

引用

cardiovascular imaging and image processing: theory and practice 1975

作者： Schelbert, Heinrich R. Henning, Hartmut O'Rourke, Robert A. Ashburn, William L. Division of Nuclear Medicine Division of Cardiology University of California San Diego San DiegoCA92103 United States

There is clearly a need for non-invasive techniques that will permit the study of the changes in left ventricular performance in the acutely ill patient early after an acute myocardial infarction as well as during the recovery period. Left ventricular ejection fraction as a measure of left ventricular performance can be obtained noninvasively by echocardiography.1/41) It is derived by measuring a single chord in the transverse plane of the left ventricular chamber. For the calculation of ejection fraction by this method two assumptions are made: (1) the geometry of the left ventricular chamber can be approximated by an elliptical model; and (2) the recorded transverse segmental function is representative of the entire left ventricle. The accuracy of this technique, therefore, might be limited when regional abnormalities in left ventricular wall motion are present, e.g., in patients with myocardial infarction. Alternatively, radioisotopic high-frequency left ventricular timeactivity dilution curves provide a means to measure left ventricular ejection fraction with high accuracy. (2,3,4) The calculation of the ejection fraction by this method is virtually free of geometric assumptions and, therefore, should be par-ticularly useful in patients with myocardial infarctions.

关键词： Echocardiography Angiography image segmentation Blood Heart Cameras image visualization Reliability Scintillation Ultrasonography

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Transformers-Based Neural Network for Cardiac Infarction Segmentation in Delayed-Enhancement MRI 12

Transformers-Based Neural Network for Cardiac Infarction Seg...

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12th International Conference on image processing theory, Tools and Applications, IPTA 2023

作者： Lecesne, Erwan Simon, Antoine Garreau, Mireille Barone-Rochette, Gilles Fouard, Celine Timc University of Grenoble CNR Umr 5525 VetAgro Sup Grenoble Inp Grenoble France University of Rennes Inserm Ltsi - Umr 1099 Rennes France University of Grenoble Alpes Clinic of Cardiology Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department Grenoble France CNRS Umr 5525 VetAgro Sup Grenoble Inp Grenoble France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350325416

Accurately and robustly segmenting myocardial infarction (MI) is crucial for clinical diagnosis of cardiac diseases, treatment and planning. In this study, we propose a novel deep learning model specifically designed for automatic segmentation of MI in Late Gadolinium Enhancement cardiac MRI (LGE-MRI). LGE-MRI is widely used in clinical practice to quantify MI and plays a vital role in treatment decisions. However, due to the presence of high anisotropy and inhomogeneities in LGE-MRI, accurately segmenting the infarcted tissue poses significant *** first step of our approach is based on a U-net with resdiual to extract. By leveraging the power of transformer-based architectures, our model achieves competitive results. We evaluated our method on the 2020 MICCAI EMIDEC challenge dataset and obtained a dice score of 91.33% for myocardium segmentation and 74.41% for infarction segmentation. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, showcasing its superiority over existing state-of-the-art methods in the EMIDEC challenge. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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