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Case-base retrieval in process engineering: Supporting design by reusing Flowsheets

ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 1996年第4期9卷 385-391页

作者： Surma, J Braunschweig, B Institut Francais du Petrole France

Case-Based Reasoning lets computer-aided design systems use prior experience to solve new problems. This approach seems to be very fruitful for supporting conceptual design activities if a library of design cases is available. The main goal of this paper is to present the general framework of a case-based design system for supporting a designer through the earliest steps of designing chemical processes and their representation in flowsheets. The paper focuses on two CBR core problems: first, the case representation for the complex process flowsheets, and second, the similarity measure for the structural representation, The paper ends with a presentation of the implementation details, and suggestions for future research. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd.

关键词： case-based reasoning case-based design object-oriented process representation structural similarity

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From object-process analysis to object-process design

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Annals of Software Engineering 1996年第1期2卷 25-50页

作者： Dori, Dov Goodman, Moshe Information Systems Engineering Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management Technion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel

The object-process methodology incorporates the system static-structural and dynamic-procedural aspects into a single, unified model. This unification bridges the gap that separates the static, "object" model from the dynamic, behavior, state, or functionoriented models found in many current object oriented methodologies. In this work we concentrate on the transition from object-process analysis to design within the development of information systems. We use a detailed case study as a running example throughout the paper to demonstrate how the structure-behavior unification, which characterizes object-process analysis, is carried on to object-process design. The case study first applies object-process analysis to perform the analysis stage. The sequence of steps that constitutes the design is then discussed and demonstrated through the case study. The design is divided into two phases: the analysis refinement phase and the implementation-dependent phase. Analysis refinement is concerned with adding details to the analysis results which are beyond the interest of the analysis itself, yet they are not related with a particular implementation. The implementation-dependent phase is concerned with code-level design, which takes place after specific implementation details, such as programming language, data organization, and user interface, have been made during the strategic design. © J.C. Baltzer AG, Science Publishers.

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object-oriented modelling of expert system reasoning process

Object-oriented modelling of expert system reasoning process

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1996 IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics - Information, Intelligence and systems

作者： Devedzic, V Debenham, J Radovic, D Univ of Belgrade Belgrade Yugoslavia

ISBN: (纸本)7800033813;0780332814

The paper describes modelling and design of expert system reasoning process using object-oriented approach. Specifically, it shows one way of representing all of the important concepts, components and activities of an expert system reasoning process as classes, objects, and interactions among the objects. Existing approaches in this regard include using commercial integrated tools for building expert systems, application-specific modelling and developing supporting tools in-house, identifying the particular application as an instance of a certain generic task, using ontologies, etc. The essence of the approach proposed in this paper is an object-oriented model of reasoning process based on a hierarchy of reasoning agents. The model is supported by a number of design patterns that help develop a nide range of object-oriented reasoning mechanisms for practical applications. The approach was compared to the existing ones w.r.t. the features like efficiency, reusability, uniformity, simplicity, etc. Results of the comparison show that the approach is easy to use, produces unified reasoning mechanisms suited to each particular application, and significantly reduces design and implementation efforts and costs.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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object-oriented modelling of three-dimensional hydro-geotechnical systems

Object-oriented modelling of three-dimensional hydro-geotech...

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Proceedings of the 1996 11th International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources, CMWR'96. Part 1 (of 2)

作者： Meissner, U. Diaz, J. Schoenenborn, I. Krueger, R. Univ Darmstadt Darmstadt Germany

The paper describes object-oriented modelling techniques for system analysis, software design and program implementation of CAD and FEM based models for the analysis of complex hydro-geotechnical engineering systems. Such models are becoming increasingly important due to the dense covering with large building structures, predominantly in urban areas, and the growing importance of environmental concerns. Starting from the real world system, a partial computer model is specified: the Geotechnical Model. This model serve as a basis for administration and calculation of geotechnical and hydromechanical processes. The principals of the new object-oriented software design, which couples GIS, CAD and FEM techniques by interfaces and includes object-oriented DBMS for the administration of different models, and its C++ implementation are presented. Time-dependent changes of the hydro-geotechnical system, due to ongoing construction processes, are taken into account with flexible modelling strategies. The physical interactions between structures, soil and aquifer necessitate a comprehensive analysis which requires a suitable discretization of the computational domain in space and time. Due to the 3D complexity of the problem space, an object-oriented decomposition into macro-structures is inevitable. This way of modelling allows the administration and the integration of complex hydro-geotechnical systems by the use of different computer systems. Results of the research about system analysis, software design and program implementation are presented and illustrated with typical examples from hydro-geotechnical applications.

关键词： Computer simulation

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A strategy for realizing traceability in an object-oriented design environment 4th

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4th International Workshop on Computer Aided systems Theory, CAST 1994

作者： Corriveau, Jean-Pierre Hayashi, Craig School of Computer Science Carleton University Colonel By Drive OttawaK1S 5B6 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)3540614788

object oriented Software Engineering has focused mainly on the notations, models and tools to be used in order to carry out the analysis, design and implementation of systems. Iteration has been emphasized as a solution to the problems of scalability and maintenance, but little attention has been paid to the management of iterations through the use of traceability. We first contend that traceability constitutes a fundamental requirement for OOD. We then argue that traceability reduces to the need to hyperlink the different models of OOD between themselves, back to requirements, and onto the code. Several hyperlinked CASE systems for the structured paradigm have been developed. However, no comparable system exists for the object oriented paradigm. And yet we suggest that the properties of object oriented software development cause an even greater need for hyperlinks than with structured development. We conclude with an overview of a prototype for such a tool. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： Software design

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Constructing highly-available distributed metainformation systems

Constructing highly-available distributed metainformation sy...

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作者： Calsavara, Alcides Newcastle University

学位级别：博士

This thesis demonstrates the adequacy of an object-oriented approach to the con- struction of distributed metainformation systems: systems that facilitate infor- mation use by maintaining some information about the information. Computer systems are increasingly being used to store information objects and make them accessible via network. This access, however, still relies on an adequate metainformation system: there must be an effective means of specifying relevant information objects. Moreover, distribution requires the metainformation system to cope well with intermittent availability of network resources. Typical metainformation systems developed to date permit information ob- jects to be specified by expressing knowledge about their syntactic properties, such as keywords. Within this approach, however, query results are potentially too large to be transmitted, stored and treated, at reasonable cost and time. users are therefore finding it difficult to navigate their way through the masses of information available. In contrast, this thesis is based on the principle that a metainformation system IS more effective if it permits information objects to be specified according to their semantic properties, and that this helps managing, filtering and navigating information. Of particular interest is object orientation because it is the state- of-the-art approach to both the representation of information semantics and the design of reliable systems. The thesis presents the design and implementation of a programming toolkit for the construction of metainformation systems, where information objects can be any entity that contains information, the notion of views permits organising the information space, transactional access is employed to obtain consistency, and replication is employed to obtain high availability and scalability.

关键词： metainformation metadata information discovery information retrieval object query object-oriented database

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A methodology for developing agent based systems 1st

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1st Australian Workshop on Distributed Artificial Intelligence, DAI 1995

作者： Kendall, Elizabeth A. Malkoun, Margaret T. Jiang, Chong H. Department of Computer Systems Engineering Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Australia

ISBN: (纸本)3540613145

Before agents can be used extensively a methodology must be established for the development of agent based systems. This methodology must encompass modeling or analysis, design, and implementation of both the technical and organisational aspects of the systems. This paper outlines a methodology for the engineering of agent based systems. The methodology is based upon the IDEF (ICAM Definition) approach for workflow modeling and the use case driven approach to object oriented software engineering. The methodology is illustrated via a case study in the area of discrete parts manufacturing. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1996.

关键词： object oriented programming

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The C3 constraint object-oriented database system: An overview 2nd

The C3 constraint object-oriented database system: An overvi...

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2nd International Workshop on Constraint Database systems, CDB 1997 and held with Workshop on Constraints and Databases, CP 1996

作者： Brodsky, Alexander Segal, Victor E. Department of Information and Software Systems Engineering George Mason University FairfaxVA22030 United States

ISBN: (纸本)3540625011

Constraints provide a flexible and uniform way to conceptually represent diverse data capturing spatio-temporal behavior, complex modeling requirements, partial and incomplete information etc, and have been used in a wide variety of application domains. Constraint databases have recently emerged to deeply integrate data captured by constraints in databases. This paper reports on the development of the first constraint object-oriented database system, C3, and describes its specification, design and implementation. The C3 system is designed to be used for both implementation and optimization of high-level constraint object-oriented query languages such as CyriC or constraint extensions of OQL, and for directly building software systems requiring extensible use of constraint database features. The C3 data manipulation language, Constraint Comprehension Calculus, is an integration constraint calculus for extensible constraint domains within monoid comprehensions, which serve as an optimization-level language for object-oriented queries. The data model for constraint calculus is based on constraint spatio-temporal (CST) objects that may hold spatial, temporal or constraint data, conceptually represented by constraints. New CST objects are constructed, manipulated and queried by means of constraint calculus. The model for monoid comprehensions, in turn, is based on the notion of monoids, which is a generalization of collection and aggregation types to structures over which one can iterate and apply merge operator;this includes disjunctions and conjunctions of constraints. The focal point of our work is achieving the right balance between expressiveness, complexity and representation usefulness, without which the practical use of the system would not be possible. To that end, C3 constraint calculus guarantees polynomial time data complexity, and, furthermore, is tightly integrated with monoid comprehensions to allow deep global optimization. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidel

关键词： Query languages

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The hierarchical dependence diagram: Improving design for reuse in object-oriented software development

The hierarchical dependence diagram: Improving design for re...

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1996 Australian Software Engineering Conference, ASWEC 1996

作者： Chen, Jian Chau, Iwan Tjuwito Department of Software Development Monash University P O Box 197 Caulfield East3145 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0818676353

object-oriented paradigm promises a high level of reusability in software development. However, by just selecting an object-oriented programming language does not guarantee achieving highly reusable software components. Reusable components have to be designed carefully from the early stage of software development. Among many proposed guidelines for improving software reusability, "class independence " is regarded as an important criterion. The guidelines in this category state that the less dependence the class is, the more reusable the class is. However, we argue that the use of these guidelines is often very difficult to follow consistently within a group of designers during the design process. This is because the implementation of such guidelines is highly based on individual designer's interpretation and experience. Another problem is that such guidelines are difficult to apply to a large software system, which may consist of hundreds or even thousands of classes. This paper describes a new notation, called the Hierarchical Dependence Diagram (HDD), to support a more systematic use of "components independence " guidelines by extending reusable classes to "clusters", "libraries", and "platforms". Our work establishes a solid basis for tool support for improving reusability and can be more effectively applied to the development of large object-oriented software systems. © 1996 IEEE.

关键词： Reusability

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Extensible hierarchical object-oriented logic simulation with an adaptable graphical user interface

Extensible hierarchical object-oriented logic simulation wit...

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作者： Craig, Donald C. Memorial University of Newfoundland

学位级别：硕士

Simulators provide an economical means of understanding and evaluating the performance of both abstract and real world systems. In addition to being efficient and easy to use, modern day simulators must be able to cope with the demands of increasing complexity within systems. Simulators must also be easily extensible so that the behaviour and performance of a wide variety of systems may be studied. -- This report will outline the design and implementation of a utility which integrates an interactive, graphical design tool with a discrete event simulation engine that employs the object-oriented paradigm as a means of combating complexity. Central to the simulation technique is the concept of local time, in which each entity being simulated maintains its own notion of time throughout the simulation. This concept promotes component encapsulation and self-containment thereby facilitating the implementation of distributed event-driven simulators. Although the simulation domain described in this report will consist primarily of digital logic circuits, the simulation techniques should also be amenable to the simulation of any discrete event system. -- The graphical user interface front-end to the simulator engine is designed to be easy to use, hence making the underlying simulator engine accessible to a wide audience. The implementation of the interface is loosely integrated with the simulator engine, thereby providing a high degree flexibility between the interface and the simulator itself. The interface and the simulator can each operate as distinct, self-contained applications. As a result, the simulator engine could be configured to employ a different graphical interface and the graphical interface can be adapted for a variety of existing text-based simulator engines.

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