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conference on 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures (3d-ARCH)

作者： Kontogianni, G. Georgopoulos, A. Saraga, N. Alexandraki, E. Tsogka, K. Natl Tech Univ Athens Lab Photogrammetry Sch Rural & Surveying Engn GR-10682 Athens Greece Minist Educ & Religious Affairs Culture & Tourism A Ephorate Prehist & Class Antiqu Ancient Agora Athens Prague Czech Republic

ISBN: (纸本)9781629935201

reconstruction is an action that re-builds a ruin or a non-existing structure trying to reproduce its form and shape at a given moment of its past. reconstruction of Cultural Heritage monuments used to be common practice during the 19th and 20th centuries. However, contemporary ways of thinking and approaching the issue of reviving the past have introduced a lot of scepticism as far as reconstructions are concerned. An attractive alternative is virtual reconstruction, which does not involve any intervention to the existing relics, while it offers all advantages to the curator. In this paper the virtual reconstruction of a non-existing building of the Athenian Agora is described, presented and visualized. All data collected were evaluated and used appropriately for the final product. It is evident that, on one hand, the data collected do not all belong to the target period and, on the other, not all the data necessary to built up the model are available today. Therefore, one needs to carefully select the data corresponding to the period of study and complete them with suitable hypotheses. It is imperative that both tasks must be done in collaboration of the archaeologists and architects responsible for the monument. In this context a hierarchy of the data was developed, based on their reliability as far as their "correctness" is concerned. The data were categorized for their reliability after careful evaluation. The accuracy of the data depends on the source;hence the data which originate from a drawing or from one study of the 3d reconstructed monument are considered more accurate than data which come from a source referring to architectural elements of other monuments or written reports of travelers. Sometimes the data appear in more than one source, in this case they must be checked for their reliability. In cases of remaining artifacts that could be found in the museum and belonged to the building a different approach was followed. They were used to produce 3d mo

关键词： 3d reconstruction Multisource data Verisimilitude of data

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FLAT VERSUS HEMISPHERICAL dOME PORTS IN UNdERWATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY

FLAT VERSUS HEMISPHERICAL DOME PORTS IN UNDERWATER PHOTOGRAM...

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conference on 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： Menna, F. Nocerino, E. Remondino, F. Bruno Kessler Fdn Opt Metrol Unit 3D Trento Italy

Underwater photogrammetry, like its counterpart in 'air', has gained an increasing diffusion thanks to the availability of easy-to-use, fast and often quite inexpensive software applications. Moreover, underwater equipment that allows the use of digital cameras normally designed to work in air also in water are largely available. However, for assuring accurate and reliable 3d modelling results a profound knowledge of the employed devices as well as physical and geometric principle is even more crucial than in air. This study aims to take a step forward in understanding the effect of underwater ports in front of the photographic lens. In particular, the effect of dome or flat ports on image quality in 3d modelling applications is investigated. Experiments conducted in a semi submerged indust rial structure show that the tested flat port performs worse than the dome, providing higher image residuals and lower precision and accuracy in object space. A significant different quality per colour channel is also observed and its influence on achievable processing results is discussed.

关键词： Underwater Photogrammetry Camera calibration Flat port Hemispherical dome port MTF

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THE AMBON OF SANT'ANdREA IN PISTOIA: A COMPARISON BETWEEN LASER SCANNER ANd PHOTOGRAMMETRIC dIGITIZATION OF MARBLE SURFACES 9

THE AMBON OF SANT'ANDREA IN PISTOIA: A COMPARISON BETWEEN LA...

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9th International Workshop on 3d-ARCH 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： Conti, A. Fiorini, L. Tucci, G. Univ Florence Dept Civil & Environm Engn GeCO Lab Via Santa Marta 3 Florence Italy

The ambon by Giovanni Pisano in the church of Sant'Andrea in Pistoia (Italy) consists of a hexagonal platform raised on slender columns standing on bases and sculptures with different heights. In the 17th century, it was disassembled and placed in a different location and, also for this reason, is currently in an endangered condition. As part of a multi-disciplinary programme of investigations and monitoring, a 3d survey was requested. The challenging aspect of the survey is related with the material of the work of art, as it is completely made of different kinds of white and red marbles. These materials are translucent and light diffuses through them, so the laser beam scatters beyond the surface and biases measurements in an unpredictable way. Tests were carried out, comparing two scanners with different characteristics and digital photogrammetry. The results show significant differences between the three technologies, identify the best solution in relation to the desired objectives, and highlight how different acquisition techniques affect the suitability of models for subsequent applications.

关键词： Laser scanner Structure-from-Motion Marble Comparison Ambon

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SEMANTIC PHOTOGRAMMETRY - BOOSTING IMAGE-BASEd 3d reconstruction WITH SEMANTIC LABELING 8

SEMANTIC PHOTOGRAMMETRY - BOOSTING IMAGE-BASED 3D RECONSTRUC...

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8th International Workshop on 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures (3d-ARCH)

作者： Stathopoulou, E. -K. Remondino, F. Bruno Kessler Fdn FBK 3D Opt Metrol 3DOM Unit Trento Italy

Automatic semantic segmentation of images is becoming a very prominent research field with many promising and reliable solutions already available. Labelled images as input for the photogrammetric pipeline have enormous potential to improve the 3d reconstruction results. To support this argument, in this work we discuss the contribution of image semantic labelling towards image-based 3d reconstruction in photogrammetry. We experiment semantic information in various steps starting from feature matching to dense 3d reconstruction. Labelling in 2d is considered as an easier task in terms of data availability and algorithm maturity. However, since semantic labelling of all the images involved in the reconstruction may be a costly, laborious and time consuming task, we propose to use a deep learning architecture to automatically generate semantically segmented images. To this end, we have trained a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) on historic building facade images that will be further enriched in the future. The first results of this study are promising, with an improved performance on the quality of the 3d reconstruction and the possibility to transfer the labelling results from 2d to 3d. [GRAPHICS] .

关键词： image-based 3d reconstruction label transfer semantic photogrammetry dense image matching

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PROCEdURAL MOdELLING FOR HBIM OF ITALIAN RAILWAYS IRON BRIdGES 9

PROCEDURAL MODELLING FOR HBIM OF ITALIAN RAILWAYS IRON BRIDG...

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9th International Workshop on 3d-ARCH 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： di donato, d. Morganti, R. Tosone, A. Abita, M. Univ Aquila Laquila Italy

The development of the railways network in the 19th century represented a significant scenario for the technological advancement of the entire Italian building sector;consequently, it produced a relevant renewal of construction techniques. Icons of this robust infrastructure building program were the railway bridges built over the Po river;their construction represented an arduous technological challenge. Unfortunately, in the years following the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy the national industry was disorganized and unprepared to face this ambitious challenge;indeed, the first four bridges were built by foreign companies that could guarantee the necessary technological know-how. However, the industrial scenario immediately changed and the last two bridges were designed and built by Italian engineers and steelwork companies. The railway bridges over the River Po are now lost;the changing needs of railway traffic or bombings during the Second World War unavoidably led to their demolition. Their enhancement through 3d modelling and virtual representation is fundamental for the rediscovering of the role they played not only in the construction of the national infrastructural system but also in the life of the young state. To this aim, the paper proposes the outcomes of research that explores the potentialities of 3d software with Visual Programming Language (VPL), in order to create modelling tools useful for the disclosure and dissemination of the historical value of this lost heritage.

关键词： Tubular truss bridges Italian railway Iron and cast iron,VPL Construction history HBIM Algorithm

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3d MOdELLING ANd MEdIEVAL LIGHTING reconstruction FOR RUPESTRIAN CHURCHES 8

3D MODELLING AND MEDIEVAL LIGHTING RECONSTRUCTION FOR RUPEST...

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8th International Workshop on 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures (3d-ARCH)

作者： Lassandro, P. Lepore, M. Paribeni, A. Zonno, M. CNR ITC Construct Technol Inst Bari Branch Bari Italy Univ Urbino DISTUM Urbino Italy

The aim of this research is to define a method, able to analyse the systems of illumination in the medieval period, through a 3d virtual model reconstruction. It specifically needs to deepen the interactions between natural and artificial illumination in confined spaces. The study describes and examines the best survey technique to obtain a 3d model reconstruction, according to the achievement of such lighting scenarios, and the most suitable tools for lighting analysis. Thus, it is possible to carry out accurate interpretations of the past starting from historical sources and scientific data about lighting. This method was validated on a case study of a rupestrian church in Matera. The rupestrian contexts are less investigated in relation to mediaeval artificial lighting even if there are recognitions and comparative studies of widespread contexts, not only in Puglia and Basilicata, but also in Mediterranean area (e.g. in Cappadocia and Cyprus) which allow identifying evidences related to artificial lighting systems. The architectural signs (hole, niches, etc.) for ancient luminaries can be studied in 3d and lighting prospective. Lastly, the virtual model of the rupestrian church was imported into an open-source visualisation software (3d Heritage Online Presenter) to be appreciable on line and to promote historical heritage knowledge.

关键词： Laser scanning Photogrammetry 3d Modelling Lighting analysis Historical reconstruction

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A real-time volumetric visualization system for electrical impedance tomography

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PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT 2000年第1期21卷 27-33页

作者： Briggs, NM Avis, NJ Kleinermann, F Univ Salford Ctr Virtual Environm Salford M5 4WT Lancs England

Three dimensional (3d) electrical impedance tomography (EIT) presents many additional challenges over and above those associated with two dimensional EIT systems. With present two dimensional (2d) systems, tomographs can be reconstructed and displayed on a PC with a standard computer monitor. In addition, using appropriate data acquisition hardware and simple image reconstruction algorithms, it is possible to collect, reconstruct and display volumetric EIT images in real time using parallel processing architectures. The advantages of this 'real-time' capability are many and include the ability to immediately assess the correct functioning of the system and the ability to track patient events and the effect of procedures in real time. Whilst 3d EIT boundary datasets can be collected in real time, their real-time image reconstruction and display presents some computational challenges. This explains why, to date, no real-time solutions have been presented. In addition the use of a standard computer monitor to display 3d volumes is unsatisfactory since not all depth cues are preserved when using this type of 2d display device. We present a system which is capable of displaying 3d EIT datasets in real time and allows interactive modification of the user's viewpoint. This allows the user to Ay around (and through) the EIT volumetric dataset.

关键词： 3d EIT real-time EIT volumetric visualization

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BIM FOR EXISTING HERITAGE: FROM 3d INTEGRATEd SURVEY TO PARAMETRIC MOdELING FOR REFURBISHMENT ANd MANAGEMENT 9

BIM FOR EXISTING HERITAGE: FROM 3D INTEGRATED SURVEY TO PARA...

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9th International Workshop on 3d-ARCH 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： Tasselli, N. Maietti, F. Univ Ferrara Dept Architecture Ferrara Italy

The research is aimed at developing an integrated methodology based on digital tools to support professionals working on existing buildings using BIM - Building Information Modeling methodologies, combining digitization (As-Built) with the growing need for refurbishment in an integrated supply chain perspective. The focus is the XX century heritage in Emilia-Romagna, to respond to a need for widespread redevelopment of existing assets, fostering innovation in the use of advanced digital tools and innovative materials for the redevelopment process. One of the research objectives is to include all actors involved in the building renovation process in developing and managing the BIM model. The main challenge is the complexity of the process, which requires a planned, coordinated, and synchronised effort from all the involved actors. To foster an inclusive approach, the research methodology proposes simplified tools and procedures, designed to allow a gradual transition into the BIM methodology. The development of BIM Smart Packages, which combine the needs of all the actors involved in the refurbishment process and those who have to produce and trade integrated solutions, can increase stakeholders' interest in investing in the digitisation of the intervention process.

关键词： Existing Heritage digital Survey Modelling BIM As-Built Refurbishment

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GEOMETRIC PRIMITIVE EXTRACTION FROM SEMANTICALLY ENRICHEd POINT CLOUdS 9

GEOMETRIC PRIMITIVE EXTRACTION FROM SEMANTICALLY ENRICHED PO...

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9th International Workshop on 3d-ARCH 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： Kyriakaki-Grammatikaki, S. Stathopoulou, E. K. Grilli, E. Remondino, F. Georgopoulos, A. Natl Tech Univ Athens Sch Rural Surveying & Geomat Engn Lab Photogrammetry Athens Greece FBK Opt Metrol 3DOM Unit 3D Trento Italy

3d point clouds are robust representations of real-world objects and usually contain information about the shape, size, position and radiometry of the scene. However, unstructured point clouds do not directly exploit the full potential of such information and thus, further analysis is commonly required. Especially when dealing with cultural heritage objects which are, typically, described by complex 3d geometries, semantic segmentation is a fundamental step for the automatic identification of shapes, erosions, etc. This paper focuses on the efficient extraction of semantic classes that would support the generation of geometric primitives such as planes, spheres, cylinders, etc. Our semantic segmentation approach relies on supervised learning using a Random Forest algorithm, while the geometric shapes are identified and extracted with the RANSAC model fitting algorithm. In this way the parametric modelling procedure in a HBIM environment is easily enabled. Our experiments show the efficient label transferability of our 3d semantic segmentation approach across different doric Greek temples, with qualitatively and quantitatively evaluations.

关键词： 3d point cloud supervised learning segmentation primitive extraction HBIM cultural heritage

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3d MOdELS FOR THE RESTORATION PROJECT: SOME ISSUES ANd A CASE STUdY 4

3D MODELS FOR THE RESTORATION PROJECT: SOME ISSUES AND A CAS...

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4th ISPRS International Workshop 3d-ARCH - 3d virtual reconstruction and visualization of complex architectures

作者： Novello, Giuseppa Marchis, Elena Politecn Torino DISET Dept Bldg Engn & Territorial Syst I-10129 Turin Italy

This contribute aim to explore 3d modelling and its practical applications investigating scales of representation and scales of contents. The goal of this research work was to test the flexibility of modeling tools to different field of application and to draw shared methods, even if they are applied. during the research occurred some problems that should be considered as central for future developments. They will drive the mainlines for the refinement of software and application technologies, but it must be remembered that, first of all, the direct experience and the validation with practical case studies must be absolutely taken into account. On the basis of the outcomes and of research directions for the future, it has paved the way to thinking useful to the implementation of the method and to the management of the graphic results.

关键词： Architecture Representation 3d modelling Integration of techniques Solid image

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