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Topology Synthesis of Planar Ground structures for Energy Harvesting Applications

Topology Synthesis of Planar Ground Structures for Energy Ha...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Danzi, Francesco Gibert, James Cocestino, Enri Frulla, Giacomo Politecn Torino Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Turin Italy Purdue Univ Sch Mech Engn W Lafayette IN 47907 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510608146

ISBN: (纸本)9781510608139;9781510608146

In this manuscript, we investigate the use topology optimization to design planar resonators with modal frequencies that occur at 1 : n ratios for kinetic energy scavenging of ambient vibrations that exhibit at least two frequency components. Furthermore, we are interested in excitations with a fundamental component containing large amounts of energy and secondary component with smaller energy content. This phenomenon is often seen in rotary machines;their frequency spectrum exhibits peaks on multiple harmonics, where the energy is primarily contained in the rotation frequency of the device. Several theoretical resonators are known to exhibit modal frequencies that at integer multiples 1:2 or 1:3. However, designing manufacturable resonators for other geometries is still a daunting task. With this goal in mind, we utilize topology optimization to determine the layout of the resonator. We formulate the problem in its non-dimensional form, eliminating the constraint on the allowable frequency. The frequency can be obtained a posteriori by means of linear scaling. Conversely, to previous research, which use the clamped beam as initial guess, we synthesize the final shape starting from a ground structure (or structural universe) and remove of the unnecessary beams from the initial guess by means of a graph-based filtering scheme. The algorithm determines the simplest structure that gives the desired frequency's ratio. Within the optimization, the structural design is accomplished by a linear FE analysis. The optimization reveals several trends, the most notable being that having members connected orthogonally as in the L-shaped resonator is not the preferred topology of this devices. In order to fully explore the angle of orientation of connected members on the modal characteristics of the device;we derive a reduced-order model that allows a bifurcation analysis on the effect of member orientation on modal frequency. Furthermore, the reduced order approximation is used

关键词： Energy Harvesting Resonator Topology Optimization Ground Structure Piezoelectricity

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Design and experimental validation of an adaptive phononic crystal using highly dissipative polymeric material interface

Design and experimental validation of an adaptive phononic c...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Billon, K. Ouisse, M. Sadoulet-Reboul, E. Collet, M. Chevallier, G. Khelif, A. Univ Bourgogne Franche Comte FEMTO ST Inst CNRS UFCENSMMUTBMDept Appl Mech 24 Chemin Epitaphe F-25000 Besancon France Ecole Cent Lyon Lab Tribol & Syst Dynam LTDS 36 Ave Guy Collongue F-69134 Ecully France

ISBN: (数字)9781510608146

ISBN: (纸本)9781510608139;9781510608146

In this paper, some numerical tools for dispersion analysis of periodic structures are presented, with a focus on the ability of the methods to deal with dissipative behaviour of the systems. An adaptive phononic crystal based on the combination of metallic parts and highly dissipative polymeric interface is designed. The system consists in an infinite periodic bidirectional waveguide. The periodic cylindrical pillars include a layer of shape memory polymer and Aluminum. The mechanical properties of the polymer depend on both temperature and frequency and can radically change from glassy to rubbery state, with various combination of high/low stiffness and high/low dissipation. A fractional derivative Zener model is used for the description of the frequency-dependent behaviour of the polymer. A 3D finite element model of the cell is developed for the design of the metamaterial. The "Shifted-Cell Operator" technique consists in a reformulation of the PDE problem by "shifting" in terms of wave number the space derivatives appearing in the mechanical behaviour operator inside the cell, while imposing continuity boundary conditions on the borders of the domain. Damping effects can easily be introduced in the system and a quadratic eigenvalue problem yields to the dispersion properties of the periodic structure. In order to validate the design and the adaptive character of the metamaterial, results issued from a full 3D model of a finite structure embedding an interface composed by a distributed set of the unit cells are presented. Various driving temperature are used to change the behaviour of the system. After this step, a comparison between the results obtained using the tunable structure simulation and the experimental results is presented. Two states are obtained by changing the temperature of the polymeric interface: at 25 degrees C, the bandgap is visible around a selected frequency. Above the glass transition, the phononic crystal tends to behave as an homogeneous

关键词： Periodic structures Metamaterial Dispersion Dissipation Vibroacoutic

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A passive control methodology for seismic safety enhancement of monumental structures

A passive control methodology for seismic safety enhancement...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Papalou, Angeliki Roubien, Denis Triantafillou, Thanasis Strepelias, Elias Technol Educ Inst Western Greece Dept Civil Engn TE Patras 26334 Greece Univ Patras Dept Civil Engn GR-26110 Patras Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

A passive control methodology to increase the seismic safety of multi-drum columns is presented. The response of a large scale column-model to dynamic excitations is investigated experimentally. A particle damper is used to replace one of the columns' original drums. The influence of the system parameters on the response of the column is also examined. The seismic response of the column can be considerably reduced if a particle damper replaces a drum above the mid-height. Guidelines and a design methodology are proposed to restore and protect monumental structures consisting of multi-drum columns.

关键词： monument multi-drum column passive control particle damper

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Off-Road motorbike performance analysis using a rear semi-active suspension

Off-Road motorbike performance analysis using a rear semi-ac...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Lozoya-Santos, Jorge de-J. Cervantes-Munoz, Damian Ramirez Mendoza, Ricardo Univ Monterrey San Pedro Garza Garcia 66238 Nuevo Leon Mexico Inst Tecnol & Estudios Super Monterrey Monterrey 64849 Nuevo Leon Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

The topic of this paper is the analysis of a control system for a semi active rear suspension in an off-road 2-wheel vehicle. Several control methods are studied, as well as the recently proposed Frequency Estimation Based (FEB) algorithm. The test motorcycle dynamics, as well as the passive, semi active, and the algorithm controlled shock absorber models are loaded into BikeSim, a professional two-wheeled vehicle simulation software, and tested in several road conditions. The results show a detailed comparison of the theoretical performance of the different control approaches in a novel environment for semi active dampers.

关键词： off-road motorbikes semi active rear suspension BikeSim Software-in-the-loop performance control algorithms

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Improvement in performance of reinforced concrete structures using shape memory alloys

Improvement in performance of reinforced concrete structures...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Bajoria, Kamal M. Kaduskar, Shreya S. Indian Inst Technol Bombay 400076 Maharashtra India

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

Shape memory alloys (SMA) are a unique class of materials which have ability to undergo large deformation and also regain its undeformed shape by removal of stress or by heating. This unique property could be effectively utilized to enhance the safety of a structure. This paper presents the pushover analysis performance of a Reinforced Concrete moment resistance frame with the traditional steel reinforcement replaced partially with Nickel-Titanium (Nitinol) SMA. The results are compared with the RC structure reinforced with conventional steel. Partial replacement of traditional steel reinforcement by SMA shows better performance.

关键词： Shape memory alloys Civil engineering Earthquakes Resistance Structural design Performance modeling Safety Analytical research Shape analysis smart materials

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Removing surface accretions with piezo-excited high-frequency structural waves

Removing surface accretions with piezo-excited high-frequenc...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Kalkowski, Michal K. Waters, Timothy P. Rustighi, Emiliano Univ Southampton Inst Sound & Vibrat Res Southampton SO17 1BJ Hants England

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

Unwanted accretions on structures are a common machinery maintenance problem, which can pose a serious safety threat if not treated effectively and punctually. In this paper we investigate the capability of piezo-excited structural waves for invoking delamination of accreted material from waveguides. We apply a wave-based technique for modelling piezoelectric excitation based on semi-analytical finite elements to model the interface shear stress associated with piezo-actuated structural waves. As a proof of concept, we present a demonstration experiment in which patches of material are removed from a beam-like waveguide with emulated anechoic terminations using ultrasonic excitation.

关键词： surface accretion removal ultrasonic de-icing power ultrasonics smart structures structural waves

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A smart model of a long-span suspended bridge for wind tunnel tests

A smart model of a long-span suspended bridge for wind tunne...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Cinquemani, S. Diana, G. Fossati, L. Ripamonti, F. Politecn Milan Dipartimento Meccan I-20156 Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

Traditional aeroelastic models rely only on good mechanical design and accurate crafting in order to match the required structural properties. This paper proposes an active regulation of their structural parameters in order to improve accuracy and reliability of wind tunnel tests. Following the design process steps typical of a smart structure, a damping tuning technique allowing to control a specific set of vibration modes is developed and applied on the aeroelastic model of a long-span suspended bridge. Depending on the testing conditions, the structural damping value can be adjusted in a fast, precise and repeatable way in order to highlight the effects of the aerodynamic phenomena of interest. In particular, vortex-induced vibration are taken into consideration, and the response of a bridge section to vortex shedding is assessed. The active parameter regulation allows to widen the pattern of operating conditions in which the model can be tested. The paper discusses the choice of both sensors and actuators to be embedded in the structure and their positioning, as the control algorithm to obtain the desired damping. Experimental results are shown and results are discussed to evaluate the performance of the smart structure in wind dunnel tests.

关键词： Bridges smart structures Control systems Wind measurement Actuators Aerodynamics Sensors Logic Motion models Instrument modeling

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Sensor-less parameter estimation of electromagnetic transducer and experimental verification

Sensor-less parameter estimation of electromagnetic transduc...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Ikegame, Toru Takagi, Kentaro Inoue, Tsuyoshi Jikuya, Ichiro Nagoya Univ Chikusa Ku Nagoya Aichi 4648603 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

In this paper, a new sensor-less parameter estimation method is proposed for electromagnetic shunt damping. The purpose is to estimate parameters of an electromagnetic transducer and a vibrating structure. The frequency domain measurements of an electrical admittance are only supposed to be available but any other sensor measurements are not;therefore, the estimation problem is nontrivial. Two types of numerical optimization, a linear optimization to select an initial seed and a nonlinear optimization to determine a final estimate, are presented. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated by vibration control experiments as well as parameter estimation experiments.

关键词： Electromagnetic transducer Parameter estimation smart structure Sensor-less Vibration control Electromagnetic shunt damping

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Simulation and experimental studies of the SMA-activated needle behavior inside the tissue

Simulation and experimental studies of the SMA-activated nee...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Konh, Bardia Honarvar, Mohammad Hutapea, Parsaoran Temple Univ Dept Engn Mech Philadelphia PA 19122 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

Recently, the concept of developing an active steerable needle has gathered a lot of attention as they could potentially result in an improved outcome in various medical percutaneous procedures. Compared to the conventional straight bevel tip needles, active needles can be bent by means of the attached actuation component in order to reach the target locations more accurately. In this study, the movement of the passive needle inside the tissue was investigated using numerical and experimental approaches. A finite element simulation of needle insertion was developed using LSDYNA software to study the maneuverability of the passive needle. The Athitrary-Eulerian-Lagrangian (ALE) formulation was used to model the interactions between the solid elements of the needle and the fluid elements of the tissue. Also the passive needle insertion tests were performed inside a tissue mimicking phantom. This model was validated for the 150mm of insertion which is similar to the depth in our needle insertion experiments. The model is intended to be based as a framework for modeling the active needle insertion in future.

关键词： Needle insertion finite element simulation insertion tests active needles medical devices

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A Prosthetic Knee Using Magnetorhelogical Fluid Damper for Above-Knee Amputees

A Prosthetic Knee Using Magnetorhelogical Fluid Damper for A...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems

作者： Park, Jinhyuk Choi, Seung-Bok Inha Univ Dept Mech Engn Smart Struct & Syst Lab Inchon 402751 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415346

A prosthetic knee for above-knee (AK) amputees is categorized into two types;namely a passive and an active type. The passive prosthetic knee is generally made by elastic materials such as carbon fiber reinforced composite material, titanium and etc. The passive prosthetic knee easy to walk. But, it has disadvantages such that a knee joint motion is not similar to ordinary people. On the other hand, the active prosthetic knee can control the knee joint angle effectively because of mechanical actuator and microprocessor. The actuator should generate large damping force to support the weight of human body. But, generating the large torque using small actuator is difficult. To solve this problem, a semi-active type prosthetic knee has been researched. This paper proposes a semi-active prosthetic knee using a flow mode magneto-rheological (MR) damper for AK amputees. The proposed semi-active type prosthetic knee consists of the flow mode MR damper, hinge and prosthetic knee body. In order to support weight of human body, the required energy of MR damper is smaller than actuator of active prosthetic leg. And it can control the knee joint angle by inducing the magnetic field during the stance phase.

关键词： semi-active type prosthetic knee above-knee amputees magnetorheological (MR) fluid MR damper

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