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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems IX"

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A novel approach for maximization of attenuation bandwidth of the piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial 9

A novel approach for maximization of attenuation bandwidth o...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： Dwivedi, Ankur Banerjee, Arnab Bhattacharya, Bishakh Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Mech Engn Smart Mat Struct & Syst Lab Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India Indian Inst Technol Delhi Dept Civil Engn Delhi 110016 India

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

Elastic mechanical metamaterials exhibit unusual frequency contingent properties like negative mass, negative Young's modulus, and negative Poisson's ratio in a particular band of the excitation frequency. Locally resonant units in the designed metamaterial enable bandgap formation virtually at any frequency for wavelengths much higher than the lattice length of the unit. Due to out of phase motion of multiple resonating units with lattice, there is a change in the dynamic properties (stiffness or mass or density) of the material as these properties become frequency-dependent. On another side, at higher frequencies for wavelengths equal to the lattice size of the medium, the Bragg scattering phenomenon occurs, which also helps in the bandgap formation. Therefore, these extreme frequency contingent physical properties modulate wave propagation through designed metamaterials. In this research, the band structure of piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial is derived using generalized Bloch theorem. Bloch theorem is used to solve various periodic media problems in different fields. The relationship between frequency and wave number can be established using this theory. The results elucidate that the insertion of the piezoelectric material in the resonating unit can provide not only better tunability but also several unusual band structures that can be perceived. The attenuation bandwidth of the designed metamaterial can be tailored through critical parameters derived from the extensive non-dimensional study of the system. This research can be considered as a contribution towards designing the active elastic mechanical metamaterials.

关键词： Piezo-embedded negative stiffness metamaterial mechanical metamaterial negative stiffness generalized Bloch technique vibration control the piezoelectric material

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System Prototype for a Triboelectric Harvester in a smart Knee Implant 9

System Prototype for a Triboelectric Harvester in a Smart Kn...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： Jain, Manav Hossain, Nabid A. Towfighian, Shahrzad Stanacevic, Milutin Salman, Emre SUNY Stony Brook Dept Elect & Comp Eng Stony Brook NY 11794 USA Binghamton Univ Dept Mech Eng Binghamton NY USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

Total knee replacement (TKR) surgeries have been increasing tremendously during the past few years, particularly among active young people and elderly people suffering from knee pain. Continuous monitoring of the load on the knee after the knee surgery is highly desirable for designing an efficient and more functional smart knee implant. In this research, we demonstrate a smart knee implant system consisting of a triboelectric harvester and a front-end electronic circuitry which continuously monitors the load on the knee by relying only on the power harvested by the triboelectric harvester. The triboelectric harvester produces an AC signal which is processed using the proposed frontend electronic circuitry to monitor the knee load. For example, at a knee cyclic load of approximately 260 N, the harvester produces 6.5 mu W power and 18.95 V RMS signal at a frequency of 1 Hz. The peak amplitude of the signal is 60 V. The frontend electronic circuitry consists of a voltage processing unit to process these high peak voltages, a rectifier and a regulator to convert the input AC signal into a stabilized and a ripple-free DC voltage signal. This DC signal provides biasing for the delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter (ADC). Thus, the output of the triboelectric harvester acts as both the power signal that is rectified/regulated and data signal that is digitized. The power consumption of the proposed design is approximately 5.35 mu W. The primary focus of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility and functionality of the proposed electronic circuitry. The prototype of the proposed system has been fabricated on a printed circuit board (PCB) and tested with the designed harvester. The test results demonstrate that triboelectric energy harvesting is a promising technique for self-monitoring the load inside knee implants. This research presents an opportunity to improve existing knee implants and detect failures at an early stage.

关键词： triboelectric total knee replacement smart knee implant frontend electronics PCB prototype delta-sigma ADC

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Impact localization on composite plates using two developed imaging methods 9

Impact localization on composite plates using two developed ...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： Migot, Asaad Bhuiyan, Yeasin Giurgiutiu, Victor Thi Qar Univ Dept Mech Engn Nasiriyah Iraq Univ South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 USA Collins Aerosp Vergennes VT USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

This paper focuses on using two developed imaging methods to localize the impact points on a composite plate. The first developed imaging method (Method 1) was firstly investigated on a metallic plate. A network of nine piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) was instrumented on an aluminum plate to receive impact signals. Based on Method 1, we need at least three sensors, which can be used to determine two hyperbolic paths, to localize an impact point on a metalic plate with known group velocities of generated waves (known its material properties). The observed results indicate that Method 1 can be used successfully to localize the impact points on a metallic plate. These successful results motivated us to investigate Method 1 on a composite plate. A second experiment of impact localization was implemented on a composite plate. Two clusters of sensors (every cluster has three PWAS transducers) were instrumented on the composite specimen to receive the generated acoustic waves due to break pencil leads at different points. The received signals were anaylized using a wavelet transform to determine the time of flight. The group velocity profile of antisymmetric Lamb wave mode was determined analytically at certain frequency. Based on Method 1, two hyperbolic paths, which are generated by four sensors, can be used successfully to localize the impact points on a composite plate with known its material properties. The second developed imaging method (Method 2) was investigated on the same composite specimen with assumption of unknown its material properties (unknown group velocity profile of generated wave). Based on Method 2, we need six sensors distributed on two clusters to determine two straight line paths. The intersection point of these two lines represents the impact point. The results showed that Method 2 can successfully localize the impact points on a composite plate.

关键词： impact localization imaging methods Lamb waves group velocity profile piezoelectric wafer active sensors

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Impact damage detection in composite plates using acoustic emission signal signature identification 9

Impact damage detection in composite plates using acoustic e...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： James, Robin Joseph, Roshan Giurgiutiu, Victor Univ South Carolina Dept Mech Engn Columbia SC 29208 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

Barely visible impact damage (BVID) due to low velocity impact events in composite aircraft structures are becoming extremely prevalent. BVID can have an adverse effect on the strength and safety of the structure. During aircraft inspections it can be extremely difficult to visually detect BVID. Moreover, it is also a challenge to ascertain if the BVID has in-fact caused internal damage to the structure or not. In this paper, multiple 2-mm quasi-isotropic carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite coupons were impacted using the ASTM D7136 standard in a drop weight impact testing machine to determine the mass, height and energy parameters to obtain approximately 1" impact damage size in the coupons iteratively. For subsequent impact tests, four piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) were bonded at specific locations on each coupon to record the acoustic emission (AE) signals during the impact event using the MISTRAS micro- II digital AE system. Impact tests were conducted on these instrumented 2-mm coupons using previously calculated energies that would create either no damage or 1" impact damage in the coupons. The obtained AE waveforms and their frequency spectrums were analyzed to distinguish between different AE signatures. From the analysis of the recorded AE signals, it was determined if the structure had indeed been damaged due to the impact event or not. Using our proposed structural health monitoring technique, it could be possible to rapidly identify impact events that cause damage to the structure in real-time and distinguish them from impact events that do not cause damage to the structure. An invention disclosure describing our acoustic emission structural health monitoring technique has been filed and is in the process of becoming a provisional patent.

关键词： Barely visible impact damage (BVID) Composite structures Damage detection carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) Acoustic emission Structural health monitoring Piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS)

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Locally resonant mechanical dome metastructures for bandgap estimation 9

Locally resonant mechanical dome metastructures for bandgap ...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： Gupta, Vivek Adhikari, Sondipon Bhattacharya, Bishakh Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Smart Mat Struct & Syst Lab Dept Mech Engn Kanpur Uttar Pradesh India Swansea Univ Coll Engn Swansea W Glam Wales

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

In this work, the vibration transmissibility behavior of novel dome shaped auxetic structures with different cellular configurations are numerically simulated and subsequently studied experimentally. The dynamic behavior of domes with honeycomb and auxetic structures are studied within the frequency bandwidth of 5-500 Hz by using base excitation technique. The auxetic samples are subjected to broadband excitation at low dynamic strain, followed by sine sweep around the resonance of the system. The dynamic and modal behaviors are experimentally analyzed by using 3D Laser Doppler Vibrometer. The system is shown to develop specific wave propagation and attenuation bands, outline of which is important for developing strategies for damping/energy harvesting. Further, analysis has been carried out to analyze the mechanical wave propagation behavior when the system is subjected to broadband excitation frequency at low dynamic strains. Here, we have arranged a large periodic repeating units of double-dome shape auxetics with lumped mass inside it placed in the form of metal ring. The equivalent spring-mass-damper mechanical circuit has been developed simplifying our system. The Nonlinear stiffness of double-dome structure depend upon constitutive cellular cells i.e. auxetic, regular honeycomb and plane, which is evident for getting broader bandgap formation than the linear one. The lumped mass is considered here as locally resonating metamaterial enabling low-frequency vibration attenuation. Furthermore, the analysis is being done for bandgap expressions depending upon the added mass ratio and target frequency. Further study is proposed for attenuation and transmission band analysis to steer the waves which roots the idea of vibration sink, in which we can damp the mechanical waves effectively at a specific location. The Auxetic meta-materials are envisaged to have a significant role in wave attenuation and wave steering, and can be used effectively for vibration control.

关键词： Auxetic material Metastructure Bandgap Dome shape double-dome auxetic Synclastic shape Periodic structure

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Insect-Inspired Micro Air Vehicle with Nanocomposite Flapping Wings and Flexure Joints 9

Insect-Inspired Micro Air Vehicle with Nanocomposite Flappin...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems ix

作者： Kumar, David Shandilya, Swapnil Khare, Vivek Kamle, Sudhir Chiang, Chih-Hung Indian Inst Technol Kanpur Dept Aerosp Engn Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh India Chaoyang Univ Technol Dept Construct Engn Taichung 41349 Taiwan Chaoyang Univ Technol Ctr NDT Taichung 41349 Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781510635302

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635302

The biomimicking and understanding of the dynamics of insect flyers is important in developing agile and efficient MAVs. The present study is based on the development of dragonfly inspired MAV and investigation of its motion characteristics. Initially, a tethered two-winged MAV model is constructed, composing of two flapping wings, a flapping mechanism, a chassis, and an external power supply with a function generator. The wings are fabricated with composite stiffeners and membrane. The material of the wings consists of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/polypropylene (PP) nanocomposite and low density polyethylene (LDPE). The wings are thus lightweight, thin, flexible, and can generate large amplitude bending-twisting motion. The flapping mechanism is constructed with a cantilever type piezoelectric actuator, a mediator mechanism having CNTs/PP nanocomposite flexure joints, and carbon fiber/epoxy composite linkages. The assembled two-winged MAV model has a total mass, body length, wingspan, and aspect ratio of 0.61g, 60.46mm, 90.14mm, and 10.06, respectively. The characteristic flapping frequency of the model is 20Hz, as compared to the wingbeats (or characteristic frequency) of 27.53Hz of an actual dragonfly species, i.e., the Anax Parthenope Julius. Measured via digital image correlation (DIC) technique, the fabricated wings exhibit a bending dominated motion during downstroke as well as upstroke. The combined design of flapping wings and flexure joint mechanism is also computationally studied for their structural dynamic characteristics (performed using ANSYS). The first resonance mode or the characteristic frequency, at which the wings have highest deflections, is 17.25Hz. The flexure mechanism is able to generate very large wing deflections (maximum deflection 22.7mm at wing tip) with a sinusoidal heaving input excitation of very small amplitude (0.1mm given at the actuator attachment location). This is useful to generate higher aerodynamic forces and improve efficiency.

关键词： flapping wings micro air vehicles biomimicking nanocomposites smart structures flexure joints dragonfly insect flight

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Experimental Investigation of An active Mass Damper with Acceleration Feedback Sliding Mode Control

Experimental Investigation of An Active Mass Damper with Acc...

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conference on Sensors and smart structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace systems

作者： Huang, Shieh-Kung Lai, Yong-An Chang, Chia-Ming Yang, Cho-Yen Loh, Chin-Hsiung Natl Ctr Res Earthquake Engn Taipei Taiwan Natl Cent Univ Dept Civil Engn Taoyuan Taiwan Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Civil Engn Taipei Taiwan Univ Calif San Diego Dept Struct Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (数字)9781510635364

ISBN: (纸本)9781510635364

active control strategies are more powerful and attractive than passive and semi-active control strategies. An active control device, namely active mass damper (AMD), consists of mass, a guideway, and an AC-driven motor and can provide a widely applicable range of control forces with a very limited power requirement. This device can be more effective to suppress earthquake-or wind-induced vibrations to civil structures. Various innovative control algorithms have been developed to drive AMD against seismic loads, and these new or improved algorithms are also found as a key element in smart structure technology. Some research on active control strategies for the reduction of the seismic responses uses either full-state or, at least, velocity feedback;however, the accurate measurement of the displacement and velocity is typically unavailable from real-world structures. Instead, the control algorithms based on acceleration feedback are more feasible for the practical implementation of control system. In this study, an active control system is developed by integrating an AC-driven AMD and accelerometers. This system is comprised of a real-time embedded system with a control algorithm which executes the sliding mode control (SMC) with acceleration feedback. The acceleration feedback SMC controller is designed in accordance with an identified model of a model building. Subsequently, this control system is experimentally implemented and verified using shake table testing. Performance of the integrated system as well as the responses of the frame are evaluated and discussed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the acceleration feedback SMC algorithm in mitigating vibrations of seismically-excited structures.

关键词： structural control active control active mass dampers sliding mode control acceleration feedback

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Modelling and active control aiming at enhancing the sound transmission loss of thin partition panels 12

Modelling and active control aiming at enhancing the sound t...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems XII

作者： Okina, Fabio T. A. Baro, Simone Ripamonti, Francesco Buiochi, Flavio Politecn Milan Dept Mech Engn Via La Masa 1 I-20156 Milan Italy Univ Sao Paulo Polytech Sch Dept Mechatron & Mech Syst Ave Prof Mello Moraes 2231 BR-05508030 Sao Paulo SP Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9781510625907

ISBN: (纸本)9781510625891;9781510625907

The transport and civil industry research has been aiming at improving vibro-acoustic performance of panel-like structures such as trim panels, glazing windows or separating walls. Focusing on the airborne path, the application of an active control for optimizing the plate acoustic isolation performance is here investigated. A transmission model of an acoustically excited plate is derived in the time domain predicting the plate velocity and its acoustic radiation. The dynamic system is modelled together with the control loop in MATLAB (R) where a suitable control algorithm for enhancing the panel transmission loss performance is developed.

关键词： active Vibration Control (AVC) Sound Transmission Loss Panel-like structure Partition Wall

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A Sky-Ground Hook Controller for Efficiency Enhancement of Aircraft Landing Gear with MR Damper 12

A Sky-Ground Hook Controller for Efficiency Enhancement of A...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems XII

作者： Kang, Byung-Hyuk Han, Chulhee Choi, Seung-Bok Inha Univ Dept Mech Engn Smart Struct & Syst Lab Incheon 402751 South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9781510625907

ISBN: (纸本)9781510625891;9781510625907

In this study, a semi-active magnetorheological (MR) damper for the main landing gear suspension system of the aircraft is proposed. MR damper is designed with two magnetic cores to control the effective damping force and also with annular bypass for fast expanding speed considering the characteristics of the aircraft landing. A controllable yield force of the MR fluid with respect to the input current is analyzed as a first step, and a vertical landing model with MR damper is considered to evaluate aircraft landing efficiency. In this work, a sky-ground controller is designed and applied to MR damper to maximize the landing efficiency of the drop simulation. The damping force of MR damper is controlled by the input current calculated by the proper choice of the sky hook gain and ground hook gain, respectively. It is demonstrated through the comparative work between the passive and proposed semi-active MR damper based landing gear that the landing gear efficiency of the passive damper can be enhanced a lot showing the efficiency above 90%.

关键词： Magnetorheological (MR) fluid MR damper aircraft landing gear skyhook ground-hook sky-ground hook landing gear efficiency

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A smart Sensor for the Measurements of Strain and Vibrations: A Work in Progress 12

A Smart Sensor for the Measurements of Strain and Vibrations...

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conference on active and passive smart structures and integrated systems XII

作者： Lozoya-Santos, Jorge de-J. Carlos Tudon-Martinez, Juan Campos-Ferreira, Andres Vargas-Martinez, Adriana Morales-Menendez, Ruben Ramirez-Mendoza, Ricardo A. Tecnol Monterrey Av E Garza Sada 2501 Monterrey Mexico Univ Monterrey Av I Morones Prieto 4500 San Pedro Garza Garcia Mexico

ISBN: (数字)9781510625907

ISBN: (纸本)9781510625891;9781510625907

The use of smart sensors has been increased for several applications. The measurement of a surface motion and its strain, typically, is done with strain gauges. However, these transducers are not easy to use nor maintain in right conditions. This work explores the use of smart materials as new transducers for vibration and strain. The conceptualization of a smart sensor using Magneto-Rheologic Elastomers and Piezoelectric transducer is presented. The setup of the prototype as a sensor for the internet of things allows to show and log the results in the cloud. The fabrication of a prototype and its study under a set of experiments shows the resistivity variation due to physical manipulation and the capability of voltage generation under vibration can be used to create a new sensor technology.

关键词： smart sensor Magneto-Rheologic Gauge sensor IoT Energy Harvesting Piezoelectric

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