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IEEE conference on Aerospace

作者： D.R. Kirk T. Grayson D. Garren Chee-Yee Chong S.M.A Arlington VA USA Defense Advanced Research Project Agency Arlington VA USA Science Applications International Corporation Arlington VA USA Booz Allen and Hamilton Inc. San Francisco CA USA

The DARPA Affordable Moving Surface Target Engagement (AMSTE) program is a research effort to develop a system concept to track and engage a moving surface target with a single unitary warhead. Engaging a moving surface target requires precision tracking to a degree that has not been demonstrated in previous work. Tracking moving surface targets is especially difficult because of the targets ability to maneuver in unpredictable ways, such as coming to a stop, and the potential for a large number of nearby confusing targets. Because of the importance of tracking to the overall AMSTE system, a significant portion of the program is dedicated to developing advanced tracking algorithms. This paper will briefly describe the current state of the art of surface target trackers developed under the DARPA Moving Target Exploitation (MTE) program. It then identifies the inadequacies in association and bias removal that must be overcome to obtain the high fidelity tracks required for weapon targeting. The improved tracking techniques discussed include the use of data from multiple Ground Moving Target Indicator (GMTI) sensors to improve location accuracy, bias removal techniques, advanced multiple hypothesis trackers, variable state interacting multiple models using higher order motion models, feature aided tracking and terrain analysis.

关键词： Fires Target tracking Weapons Radar tracking Costs Vehicles Surveillance Kirk field collapse effect Motion analysis sensor systems

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Learning tools for success in the deregulated energy industry

Learning tools for success in the deregulated energy industr...

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IEEE International conference on Transmission and Distribution Construction, Operation and Live-Line Maintenance (ESMO)

作者： R.T. D'Aquanni D. Griffin Applied Resources Group Inc. Brookline MA USA Whole Systems International Newton MA USA

Deregulation is driving rapid and dramatic change in the energy industry. Suppliers, marketers, brokers and customer aggregators alike are trying to develop new business and service models to capitalize on the inherent opportunities. While the concept of communicating and delivering reliable power to customers sounds simple, the authors believe utilities must provide an environment of real-time and shared learning for their customers and their overworked, stressed-out staff. The Industrial and Internet Societies are equally dependent on electricity. The Internet Society, however, is much more sensitive to slight variations in its reliability and quality. While reliability and quality standards are being applied in the healthier internet security, broadband and wireless transmission communities, they are rarely considered problematic by the electric distribution company (DISCo). One may say that such a denial by a utility is due to the regulatory cushion that lies between the customer's expectations and the inability of a utility company to perform at a satisfactory level in the Internet Society. Whatever the reason, the ability of a utility to perform and respond to customers during periods such as the one that occurred this summer will ultimately determine the utility's fate. The authors believe that it is possible to address this crisis through the application of computer-assisted learning and knowledge management tools. These tools provide easy access to much needed learning models to help the staff of the utility, turned DISCo, first to understand and then to function as a decision maker in the emerging landscape. Employing simulations, the existing and candidate utility staff interact with customers in all aspects of deregulation. The authors believe that, just as the application of advanced technology is creating the load and time-sensitive problems that utilities need to embrace, so too should advanced technology be applied to aid them in their battle. Specif

关键词： Internet Application software Wireless sensor networks Communication system security Computer applications Knowledge management Computational modeling Computer simulation Military computing Computer industry

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Tele-nanorobotics using an atomic force microscope as a nanorobot and sensor

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advanced ROBOTICS 1999年第4期13卷 417-436页

作者： Sitti, M Hashimoto, H Univ Tokyo Inst Ind Sci Minato Ku Tokyo 1068558 Japan

In this paper, a tele-nanorobotic system using an atomic force microscope (AFM) as the nanorobot and sensor has been proposed. Modeling and control of the AFM cantilever, and modeling of nanometer scale forces have been realized for telemanipulation applications. In addition to three-dimensional virtual reality visual feedback in the user interface, a 1 d.o.f. haptic: device has been constructed for nano-scale haptic sensing. For feeling the nano forces, a bilateral teleoperation control system with virtual impedance approach has been introduced. Initial experiments and simulations on the AFM and teleoperation system show that the system can be utilized for different tele-nanomanipulation applications such as two-dimensional nano particle assembly or biological object manipulation.

关键词： micro/nanorobotics tele-robotics precision manipulation micro/nano mechanics modeling human-machine interfaces

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advanced in-situ particle monitor for Applied Materials implanter applications

Advanced in-situ particle monitor for Applied Materials impl...

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Proceedings of the 1998 International conference on 'Ion Implantation Technology' Proceedings (IIT'98)

作者： Simmons, Jonathon Hilkene, Martin Scottney-Castle, Matthew Wagner, Dennis W. Mitchell, John Applied Materials Implant Div Austin United States

ISBN: (纸本)078034538X

In-situ particle monitors offer significant benefits in cost of ownership for ion implant applications. Particle excursions and out-of-control conditions are detected and alarmed as they occur, minimizing the potential for scrapping future product runs. Applied Materials are now qualifying an advanced technology in-situ particle sensor for the xR80 series and xR200S (9500 series) implanters. Utilizing Particle Measuring systems, Inc. technology, this system directly addresses the historical limitations with in-situ particle monitors. Electronic and thermally sensitive components are kept out of the processor chamber. Very high optical power is generated in the sensor, detecting particles as small as 0.08 μm at velocities up to 10 m/s. Testing to date indicates this sensor offers excellent performance in monitoring particle excursions and a good correlation to small particles counted on wafers.

关键词： Ion implantation

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Distributed Aperture Infrared sensor systems

Distributed Aperture Infrared Sensor Systems

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Infrared Technology and applications XXV conference

作者： Brusgard, TC Northrop Grumman Elect Sensors & Syst Sector Baltimore MD 21203 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431729

The ongoing maturation of electro-optic technology in which the advent of third generation focal plane arrays is being combined with the capabilities of increasingly powerful signal processing algorithms now points to a new direction in design of electro-optic sensor systems for both military and non-military applications. Taking advantage of those advances, Distributed Aperture Infrared sensor systems (DAIRS) are currently in development within the Defense Department for installation in a variety of platforms for utilization in a wide variety of tactical scenarios. DAIRS employs multiple fixed identical sensors to obtain the functionality that was previously obtained using specialized sensors for each function. In its role in tactical aircraft, DALRS uses an array of six strategically located sensors which provide 4 pi steradian sensor coverage, i.e., full sphere situational awareness (SA), to the aircrew. That awareness provides: missile threat warning, Infrared Search and Track (IRST), battle damage assessment, targeting assistance, and pilotage. DAIRS has applicability in providing expanded SA for surface ships, armored land vehicles and unmanned air combat vehicles (UCAVs). A typical sensor design has less than twenty-five percent of the weight, volume, and electrical power demand of current federated airborne IR sensor systems and can become operational with a significant reduction in lifetime system cost. DAIRS, when combined with autocueing, may have a significant role in technological advancement of aircraft proximity warning systems for in-flight collision avoidance. DAIRS is currently funded in part by the Office of Naval Research (6.2 program) which will result in the production of two prototype sensors and the supporting software for laboratory testing. Under the title Multifunctional Infrared Distributed Aperture System (MIDAS), which is funded as a Navy advanced Technology Demonstration (6.3 program), the DAIRS will undergo airborne testing using four

关键词： infrared distributed aperture DAIRS

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Review of high-level multisensor fusion: Approaches and applications

Review of high-level multisensor fusion: Approaches and appl...

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Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE/SICE/RSJ International conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent systems, MFI'99

作者： Luo, Ren C. Su, Kuo L. Natl Chung Cheng Univ Chia-Yi Taiwan

The need for intelligent systems that can be important in the future trends. It is impossibly arrived at the goal, but be combined with multi sensor fusion. The potential advantages in multisensor fusion can be obtained more accurately, concerning feature that are impossible to perceive with individual sensors, as well as in less time, and at a lesser cost. The characterization most commonly encountered in the rapidly growing multisensor fusion literature based on level of detail in the information is that of the now well known triple low level (data level), medium level (feature level) and high level (decision level). The development of high-level multisensor fusion representations is very important, in order to construct advanced intelligent systems. The paper begins with review on the fundamental principles about high-level multisensor fusion, and has been employed in some applications in the object. Finally, we compare with the decision algorithms each other in the high-level multisensor fusion.

关键词： sensor data fusion

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sensor-fused autonomous guidance of a mobile robot and applications to Mars Sample Return operations

Sensor-fused autonomous guidance of a mobile robot and appli...

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sensor Fusion and Decentralized Control in Robotic systems II conference

作者： Huntsberger, TL Baumgartner, ET Aghazarian, H Cheng, Y Schenker, PS Leger, PC Iagnemma, KD Dubowsky, S CALTECH Jet Prop Lab Sci & Technol Dev Sect Pasadena CA 91109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819434329

Generally, there are multiple sensor suites on existing rover platforms such as NASA's Sample Return Rover (SRR) and the Field Integrated Design and Operations (FIDO) rover at JPL. Traditionally, these sensor suites have been used in isolation for such tasks as planetary surface traversal. For example, although distant obstacle information is known from the narrow FOV navigation camera (NAVCAM) suite on SRR or FIDO, it is not explicitly used at this time for augmentation of the wide FOV hazard camera (HAZCAM) information for obstacle avoidance. This paper describes the development of advanced rover navigation techniques. These techniques include an algorithm for the generation of range maps using the fusion of information from the NAVCAMs and HAZCAMs, and an algorithm for registering range maps to an a priori model-based range map for relative rover position and orientation determination. Experimental results for each of these techniques are documented in this paper.

关键词： rover navigation state estimation map registration

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DARPA Unattended Ground sensor systems - Analysis of communication systems for internetting UGS systems

DARPA Unattended Ground Sensor systems - Analysis of communi...

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conference on sensors, C31, Information, and Training Technologies for Law Enforcement

作者： Hintz, TM Carapezza, EM Law, DB Edwards, GD Space & Naval Warfare Syst Ctr San Diego CA 92152 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819430439

During May 1997 - October 1998, SPAWARSYSCEN Code D746, under the sponsorship of Defense advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), conducted several field tests using off-the-shelf(OTS) 900 MHz wireless modems in different operating environments typical of those targeted by Unattended Ground sensor (UGS) applications. Using ground-based 12 " (mounted on 3 " base) 3dB omni-directional antennas on both communication ends, the performance of three OTS modems was evaluated. By varying path lengths, baud rates, file sizes, RF environments, and degrees of line of sight (LOS), a comprehensive profile of each modem's performance was established. Because of the nature of ground-level communications (varied LOS) and the many environmental variables which can dramatically affect performance, this paper does not attempt to model performance or draw conclusions as to which modem is best suited for all UGS applications. However, based on the results of these field tests, the OTS modem using Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS) performed considerably better than the two other OTS modems using Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum. This certainly could be attributed to the poor quality of the two DSSS modems used in the field tests, and a more comprehensive side-by-side comparison is recommended. In addition, the paper does offer insight into the limitations of the OTS wireless modems, and demonstrates how greater degrees of LOS can tremendously boost their range and reliability.

关键词： direct sequence spread spectrum frequency hopping spread spectrum unattended ground sensors wireless modems CDMA TDMA wireless communication

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sensor fusion with application to Electronic Warfare

Sensor fusion with application to Electronic Warfare

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conference on sensor Fusion - Architectures, Algorithms, and applications III

作者： Zanzalari, RM Van Alstine, E Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate AMSEL RD NVS CCD Ft Monmouth NJ 07703 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819431931

The Night Vision and Electronic sensors Directorate, Survivability/Camouflage, Concealment and Deception Division mission is to provide affordable aircraft and ground electronic sensors/systems and signature management technologies which enhance survivability and lethality of U.S. and International Forces. Since 1992, efforts have been under tah-en in the area of Situational Awareness and Dominant Battlespace Knowledge. These include the Radar Deception and Jamming advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD), Survivability and Targeting System Integration, Integrated Situation Awareness and Targeting ATD, Combat Identification, Ground Vehicle Situational Awareness, and Combined Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) Target Correlation. This paper will address the Situational Awareness process as it relates to the integration of Electronic Warfare (EW) with targeting and intelligence and information warfare systems. Discussion will be presented on the sensor Fusion, Situation Assessment and Response Management Strategies. sensor Fusion includes the association, correlation, and combination of data and information from single and multiple sources to achieve refined position and identity estimates, and complete and timely assessments of situations and threats as well as their significance. Situation Assessment includes the process of interpreting and expressing the environment based on situation abstract products and information fi om technical and doctrinal data bases. Finally, Response Management provides the centralized, adaptable control of all renewable and expendable countermeasure assets resulting in optimization of the response to the threat environment.

关键词： Electronic Warfare sensors sensor data fusion Situational Awareness situation assessment Response Management association and correlation

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Technical overview of the UL3 uncooled cameras

Technical overview of the UL3 uncooled cameras

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conference on Unattended Ground sensor Technologies and applications

作者： Heath, JL Kincaid, GT Woolaway, JT Parrish, WJ Lohrmann, D Newsome, G Inosecu, A Monson, J Rau, C Howard, P Li, C Indigo Systems Corp. (United States) U.S. Army Night Vision & Electronic Sensors Directorate (United States) Boeing North American (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819431877

This paper describes the UL3 camera system based on the advanced 160 x 128 uncooled micro-bolometer FPA. The UL3 camera takes advantage of the patented bias equalization FPA performance techniques to produce the world's smallest IR camera. The UL3 camera weighs less than 2.3 unces., uses less than 600mW of power, and has overall dimensions of 3cm x 3cm x 6cm. The architectures feature an approach that integrates the required system functions on ASICs and FPGBs rather than including discrete components and microprocessors.

关键词： uncooled infrared low cost low power unattended ground sensor bolometer

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