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conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology sensors, systems, and applications vii

作者： Ohodnicki, P. R., Jr. Credle, S. Buric, M. Lewis, R. Seachman, S. Natl Energy Technol Lab Pittsburgh PA 15236 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Mat Sci & Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Natl Energy Technol Lab Morgantown WV 26507 USA US DOE Off Fossil Energy Washington DC 20585 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781628415834

One mission of the Crosscutting Technology Research program at the National Energy Technology Laboratory is to develop a suite of sensors and controls technologies that will ultimately increase efficiencies of existing fossil-fuel fired power plants and enable a new generation of more efficient and lower emission power generation technologies. The program seeks to accomplish this mission through soliciting, managing, and monitoring a broad range of projects both internal and external to the laboratory which span sensor material and device development, energy harvesting and wireless telemetry methodologies, and advanced controls algorithms and approaches. A particular emphasis is placed upon harsh environment sensing for compatibility with high temperature, erosive, corrosive, and highly reducing or oxidizing environments associated with large-scale centralized power generation. An overview of the full sensors and controls portfolio is presented and a selected set of current and recent research successes and on-going projects are highlighted. A more detailed emphasis will be placed on an overview of the current research thrusts and successes of the in-house sensor material and device research efforts that have been established to support the program.

关键词： sensors Environmental sensing Oxides Control systems Optical fibers Optical sensing Fiber optics sensors Gold sensor technology Metals

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Modeling of a long-period fiber-optic grating assisted surface Plasmon resonance refractive index sensor 7

Modeling of a long-period fiber-optic grating assisted surfa...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Wang Wenhua Wu Weina Huang Jiang Tian Xiuyun Fei Xianxiang Guangdong Ocean Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Zhanjiang 524088 Peoples R China Guangdong Ocean Univ Sch Math & Comp Zhanjiang 524088 Guangdong Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510604704

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

A fiber-optic refractive index sensor assisted surface Plasmon resonance of metal dielectric layer around a long-period fiber-optic grating with hollow fiber core has been proposed and comprehensively analyzed. Its operation principle is based on the efficient energy transfer between the fiber waveguide mode and the co-directional surface Plasmon waves excited with a long-period fiber-optic grating properly designed by the light refracted through the interface between the waveguide area and the metal dielectric film. The long-period fiber-optic grating is fabricated on a waveguide area of a specially designed fiber-optic with hollow fiber core. Simulations have been carried out in coupled mode theory of fiber-optic gratings in the wavelength ranges from 1500 to 1600nm, and for sensing characteristics of refractive index. Unlike a previous proposed fiber Bragg grating fabricated on this kind of fiber, t the sensitivity of the long-period fiber-optic grating SPR refractive index sensor is much higher than that of a FBG in the same structure. The proposed long-period fiber-optic refractive index sensor assisted surface Plasmon resonance is compact, light weight, and highly sensitive with a large sensing range.

关键词： fiber-optic sensors long-period fiber-optic grating (LPFG) surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) refractive index

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Multimode interference structures as sensing elements integrated into Mach-Zehnder interferometers in polymer foils 7

Multimode interference structures as sensing elements integr...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Xiao, Yanfen Langenecker, Alexa Hofmann, Meike Sherman, Stanislav Gleissner, Uwe Mueller, Claas Zappe, Hans Univ Freiburg Gisela & Erwin Sick Chair Microopt Dept Microsyst Engn D-79110 Freiburg Germany Univ Freiburg Lab Mat Proc Dept Microsyst Engn D-79110 Freiburg Germany Univ Freiburg Lab Proc Technol Dept Microsyst Engn D-79110 Freiburg Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781510604704

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

Integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs) based on flexible polymer materials have been demonstrated as evanescent field sensors for the detection of refractive indices and molecule concentrations. The used application of a measurement window in classical MZIs is difficult in a roll-to-roll fabrication process. We have previously demonstrated foil-based asymmetric MZIs with different widths in sensing and reference arm which do not need a measurement window. Here we present the use of a multimode interference structure (MMI) inserted into the sensing arm of the interferometer to increase the sensitivity. We consider the expected interference signal from numerical simulations and optimize the system in terms of sensitivity, dimensions and absorption losses. The fabricated MMI-MZI foils are tested experimentally to demonstrate the function of the MMI-MZI system by applying water/glucose solutions with different refractive indices.

关键词： Mach-Zehnder interferometers multimode interference structure refractive index sensors evanescent field sensor

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Mechatronics and drive-by-wire systems advanced non-contacting position sensors

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CONTROL ENGINEERING PRACTICE 2003年第2期11卷 191-197页

作者： Dorissen, HT Dürkopp, K Hella KG Hueck & Co Automot Elect 2 Powertrain Control D-59552 Lippstadt Germany

This contribution gives a brief insight into known technologies for drive-by-wire systems. Especially a non-contacting sensor for a large variety of these automotive applications is introduced. This innovative sensor measures linear and angular positions with significant advantages compared to other sensor principles Therefore it becomes a key issue for the series introduction of drive-by-wire technologies. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： automotive sensors measuring control systems brakes

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THE RESEARCH OF AUTONOMOUS OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE OF MOBILE ROBOT BASED ON MULTI-sensor INTEGRATION 7

THE RESEARCH OF AUTONOMOUS OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE OF MOBILE ROBO...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Zhao, Ming Han, Baoling Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

The object of this study is the bionic quadruped mobile robot. The study has proposed a system design plan for mobile robot obstacle avoidance with the binocular stereo visual sensor and the self-control 3D Lidar integrated with modified ant colony optimization path planning to realize the reconstruction of the environmental map. Because the working condition of a mobile robot is complex, the result of the 3D reconstruction with a single binocular sensor is undesirable when feature points are few and the light condition is poor. Therefore, this system integrates the stereo vision sensor blumblebee2 and the Lidar sensor together to detect the cloud information of 3D points of environmental obstacles. This paper proposes the sensor information fusion technology to rebuild the environment map. Firstly, according to the Lidar data and visual data on obstacle detection respectively, and then consider two methods respectively to detect the distribution of obstacles. Finally fusing the data to get the more complete, more accurate distribution of obstacles in the scene. Then the thesis introduces ant colony algorithm. It has analyzed advantages and disadvantages of the ant colony optimization and its formation cause deeply, and then improved the system with the help of the ant colony optimization to increase the rate of convergence and precision of the algorithm in robot path planning. Such improvements and integrations overcome the shortcomings of the ant colony optimization like involving into the local optimal solution easily, slow search speed and poor search results. This experiment deals with images and programs the motor drive under the compiling environment of Matlab and Visual Studio and establishes the visual 2.5D grid map. Finally it plans a global path for the mobile robot according to the ant colony algorithm. The feasibility and effectiveness of the system are confirmed by ROS and simulation platform of Linux.

关键词： binocular stereo Lidar information integration ant colony algorithm 3D reconstruction path planning

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Image transmission through sensor systems: theoretical and experimental results

Image transmission through sensor systems: theoretical and e...

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conference on Unattended Ground sensor Technologies and applications vii

作者： Hartup, DC Marks, BA Fishburn, TA Nova Engn Cincinnati OH 45246 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457817

Historically, tactical sensor systems have transmitted limited amounts of data. Alert notifications, control signals, and status can be quickly transmitted using low rate data links such as 1200 bps. Increasingly, there is a desire to transmit more data through sensor systems. Signals may consist of E/O or IR images, acoustic or seismic signals, or near real-time target location information. Such capabilities are desired for Future Combat systems, Objective Force Warrior, and the Objective Force. This paper addresses the ability of existing sensor systems to reliably provide timely transmission of large data files. Specifically, transmission of image files through sensor systems is analyzed. A theoretical analysis gives the probability of error-free image transmission, practical transmission distances, and the transmission time required. Experimental results that validate assumptions made in the theoretical analysis are given. Experimental results show that some existing sensor systems are fully capable of providing low latency, reliable image transmission.

关键词： sensor systems image transmission tactical communications

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Temperature insensitive measurements of displacement using fiber Bragg grating sensors 7

Temperature insensitive measurements of displacement using f...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Yang, Shuang Li, Jun Xu, Shengming Sun, Miao Tang, Yuquan Gao, Gang Dong, Fengzhong Chinese Acad Sci Anhui Inst Opt & Fine Machine Anhui Prov Key Lab Photon Devices & Mat Hefei 230031 Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510604704

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

Optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) displacement sensors play an important role in various areas due to the high sensitivity to displacement. However, it becomes a serious problem of FBG cross-sensitivity of temperature and displacement in applications with FBG displacement sensing. This paper presents a method of temperature insensitive measurement of displacement via using an appropriate layout of the sensor. A displacement sensor is constructed with two FBGs mounted on the opposite surface of a cantilever beam. The wavelengths of the FBGs shift with a horizontal direction displacement acting on the cantilever beam. Displacement measurement can be achieved by demodulating the wavelengths difference of the two FBGs. In this case, the difference of the two FBGs' wavelengths can be taken in order to compensate for the temperature effects. Four cantilever beams with different shapes are designed and the FBG strain distribution is quite different from each other. The deformation and strain distribution of cantilever beams are simulated by using finite element analysis, which is used to optimize the layout of the FBG displacement sensor. Experimental results show that an obvious increase in the sensitivity of this change on the displacement is obtained while temperature dependence greatly reduced. A change in the wavelength can be found with the increase of displacement from 0 to 10mm for a cantilever beam. The physical size of the FBG displacement sensor head can be adjusted to meet the need of different applications, such as structure health monitoring, smart material sensing, aerospace, etc.

关键词： Fiber optic sensor fiber Bragg grating displacement measurement temperature insensitive

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An image sensor with on-die diffractive optics in 0.18μm bulk CMOS

An image sensor with on-die diffractive optics in 0.18μ<...

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conference on sensors, Cameras and systems for Scientific/Industrial applications vii

作者： Thomas, C Hornsey, R York Univ Comp Sci Toronto ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819461083

On-die optics are an attractive way of reducing package size for imaging and non-imaging optical sensors. While systems incorporating on-die optics have been built for imaging and spectral analysis applications. these have required specialized fabrication processes and additional off-die componerits. This paper discusses the fabrication of an image sensor with neither of these limitations. Through careful design, an image sensor is implemented that uses on-die diffractive optics fabricated using a standard 0.18/mu m bulk CAIOS process, with simulations indicating that the resulting die is capable of acting as a standalone imaging system resolving spatial features to within 0.15 radian and spectral features to within +/- 40 nm wavelength accuracy.

关键词： CMOS image sensors microlenses diffraction gratings micro-optics diffractive optics

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Research on high temperature sensing characteristics based on modular interference of Single-Mode-Multimode-Single-Mode fiber 7

Research on high temperature sensing characteristics based o...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Peng, Zhaozhuang Wang, Li Yan, Huanhuan Beijing Univ Technol Coll Appl Sci Beijing 100124 Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9781510604704

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

Application of high temperature fiber sensing system is very extensive. It can be mainly used in high temperature test aerospace, such as, materials, chemicals, and energy. In recent years, various on-line optical fiber interferometric sensors based on modular interference of single-mode-multimode-single-mode(SMS) fiber have been largely explored in high temperature fiber sensor. In this paper we use the special fiber of a polyimide coating, its sensor head is composed of a section of multimode fiber spliced in the middle of Single-mode fiber. When the light is launched into the multimode fiber(MMF) through the lead-in single-mode fiber(SMF), the core mode and cladding modes are excited and propagate in the MMF respectively. Then, at the MMF-SMF spliced point, the excited cladding modes coupled back into the core of lead-out SMF interfere with SMF core mode. And the wavelength of the interference dip would shift differently with the variation of the temperature. By this mean, we can achieve the measurement of temperature. The experimental results also show that the fiber sensor based on SMS structure has a highly temperature sensitivity. From 30 degrees C to 300 degrees C, with the temperature increasing, the interference dip slightly shifts toward longer wavelength and the temperature sensitivity coefficient is 0.0115nm/degrees C. With high sensitivity, simple structure, immunity to electromagnetic interferences and a good linearity of the experimental results, the structure has an excellent application prospect in engineering field.

关键词： High temperature sensor single-mode-multimode-single-mode fiber structure modular interference

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Optical properties of NaLuF₄: Yb³⁺: Tm³⁺/Ho³⁺ rare earth nanocrystals in microstructure hollow fiber 7

Optical properties of NaLuF4: Yb3+: Tm...

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conference on advanced sensor systems and applications vii

作者： Zhang, Yundong Li, Hui Li, Hanyang Wu, Yongfeng Yu, Changqiu Zhang, Tuo Yuan, Ping Harbin Inst Technol Inst Optoelect Natl Key Lab Tunable Laser Technol Harbin 150080 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510604698;9781510604704

In the present paper, we first demonstrate NaLuF4: Yb3+: Tm3+/Ho3+ rare earth nanocrystals in microstructure hollow fiber. An analysis of the intense blue upconversion emission at 450 and 475 nm in Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped NaLuF4 under excitation power 0.65W available from solid laser emitting at 980nm, has been undertaken. Fluorescence intensity ratio (FIR) variation of temperature-sensitive blue upconversion emission at 450and 475 nm in this material was recorded in the temperature range from 300 to 345 K. The maximum sensitivity derived from the FIR technique of the blue upconversion emission is approximately 0.005 K-1. The results imply that Tm3+/Yb3+ codoped NaLuF4 is a potential candidate for the optical temperature sensor.

关键词： rare earth sensor FIR upconversion hollow fiber

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