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2024 International conference on Smart Electronics and Communication systems, ISENSE 2024

作者： Kumar, Arvind Jaya Krishna, N. Chandra, Mahesh Kumar, Rampravesh Sahoo, Jaya Prakash Poojitha, N. Karan, Biswajit Kishore, Kamlesh Gitam University Department of EECE Bengaluru India School of ECE Reva University Bengaluru India Sandip University Department of EEE Nashik India University of Stellenbosch Department of EEE Stellenbosch South Africa RTC Institute of Technology Department of ECE Bengaluru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528126

This paper presents a novel approach for fruit quality detection using a multi-modal system that combines sensor data and image processing techniques with deep learning. In the first stage of our experiment, we employed various sensors to measure temperature, gas levels, and moisture content using DHT 11 and MQ-135 sensors. These sensors provide valuable insights into the environmental conditions surrounding the fruits, which are crucial indicators of their freshness. In the second stage, we utilized image processing algorithms to pre-process fruit images and train a SqueezeNet convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify fruits into two classes: fresh and rotten. By integrating sensor data with image-based classification, our proposed method offers a comprehensive solution for real-time fruit quality assessment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in accurately detecting fruit quality, paving the way for advanced applications in food safety and quality control. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Refractive insensitive directional bend sensor based on specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core

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OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY 2025年 180卷

作者： Luo, Yanhua Zhao, Chaofan Yan, Binbin Natesan, Ayyanar Dhasarathan, Vigneswaran Sun, xiaohong Chen, Wei Peng, Gang-Ding Shanghai Univ Shanghai Inst Adv Commun & Data Sci Key Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Opt Access Networks Joint Int Res Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Adv Commun Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Thiagarajar Coll Engn Dept Elect & Commun Engn Madurai 625015 Tamil Nadu India KPR Inst Engn & Technol Ctr IoT & AI CITI Dept ECE Coimbatore 641042 Tamil Nadu India Zhengzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Henan Key Lab Laser & Optoelect Informat Technol Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Peoples R China UNSW Sydney Sch Elect Engn Photon & Opt Commun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

With the development of information society, more and more special occasions are calling for a wide range of sensors with special properties. In this work, a refractive index insensitive directional bend sensor is proposed based on a specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core, which works as a dual core fiber (DCF). Firstly, this specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core has been fabricated with selfpressurised drawing technique. Then, it has been constructed as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor. Consequently, its bend sensing characteristics has been investigated from both theory and experiment. The response of the proposed sensor to the bending evidently displays the directional dependence. In the bending along x direction, the interference peak wavelength is almost insensitive to the curvature. But the transmission is sensitive, which almost obeys the exponential function. Correspondingly, in the bending along y direction the wavelength almost linearly varies with curvature, giving out an averaged sensitivity of 2.44 nm/m(-1) in the curvature range of 0-3.79 m(-1). But the peak transmission fluctuates without typical principle. In addition, the response of the proposed sensor to the refractive index variation has been checked. It is found that the peak wavelength is almost insensitive to the change of refractive index from 1.33 to 1.45, and the peak transmission fluctuates without clear principle. All these results demonstrate that the proposed sensor has great potential for future internet of things (IoT) applications.

关键词： Dual core photonic crystal fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) Directional bend sensor Refractive index insensitive Dumbbell shape core

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Optical pH sensor based on fiber interferometer coated with intelligent hydrogel 13

Optical pH sensor based on fiber interferometer coated with ...

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advanced sensor systems and applications xIII 2023

作者： Lu, Qi Liu, Zhengyu Zhang, Haiwei xue, Lifang Chen, Zhihong Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin300384 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510667914

In this paper, we propose an optical fiber pH sensor with homemade poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel coating based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI), which is designed via concatenating no-core fiber, few-mode fiber and no-core fiber in sequence. The fiber surface of the sensing region is silanizated to enhance the adhesion of the hydrogel onto the fiber. When the pH value of the solution varied, the amount of free carboxylic acid ions in the hydrogel changes. This change causes the hydrogel to expand or contract, resulting in a change in refractive index. Such a refractive-index change of the hydrogel alters the effective refractive index of the cladding layer of the NFN MZI, leading to a spectral shift of the MZI. The sensor can be employed to measure a wide pH range of 2 to 12. According to the relationship between the pH values and spectral dips, the corresponding sensitivities are -0.346 nm/pH and -64 pm/pH at the pH ranges of 2-5 and 5-12, respectively. Meanwhile, the coefficients of determination of the fitting lines are both large than 0.973, which indicated that the sensor possesses an excellent linearity. Moreover, the response time of is 21.78 s. The results suggest that the proposed sensor exhibits a good repeatability and stability and holds considerable potential in fields such as environmental monitoring and chemical analysis. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： pH

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advanced Camouflage Robot for Military Spying applications using sensor Fusion and Machine Learning 3

Advanced Camouflage Robot for Military Spying Applications u...

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3rd IEEE International conference on Blockchain and Distributed systems Security, ICBDS 2024

作者： Kulkarni, Neeraj P Khan, Subim N. Rathod, Rahul Ramkishan Choure, Ajay Raosaheb Chinchole, Mahesh Gokul Jspm Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering Tathawade Pune India Soet D Y Patil University Ambi Pune India Bhivarabai Sawant Institute Of Technology And Research E&tc Department Wagholi Pune India Nutan Maharashtra Institute of Engineering and Technology E&tc Department Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350354348

The current defense application scenario. the ability to blend into the environment is crucial for reducing detection and enhancing operational efficiency. This paper presents the development of an advanced camouflage robot to dynamically adapt its color to match its surroundings. The proposed system utilizes a combination of machine learning, computer vision, and sensor fusion to achieve camouflaging using the RGB LED panels mounted on the robot to adapt to the color of the surroundings. The robot is equipped with a video camera system that captures real-time video feed of the environment. The captured video is then processed by a trained machine learning model, which analyzes the color distribution in the surroundings. Simultaneously, the robot uses RGB color sensors to accurately detect the colors present in its immediate vicinity. The data from both the camera and the sensors are integrated to determine the predominant color around the robot. The hybrid camouflaging approach involves feeding the combined data into the machine learning model, which then calculates the color of maximum distribution. The robot then activates its RGB panels, adjusting their color to blend with the identified predominant color in the environment thereby making it difficult to locate. This process allows the robot to effectively camouflage itself, minimizing its visual footprint. KNN and sensor fusion techniques are used to achieve this task. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Nearest neighbor search

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sensor Automation for Industrial applications and Prediction of Energy Level for Home Appliances Using Machine Learning Algorithm 9

Sensor Automation for Industrial Applications and Prediction...

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9th International conference on advanced Computing and Communication systems, ICACCS 2023

作者： Duraisamy, Premkumar Natarajan, Yuvaraj Selvakumari Jeya, I Jasmine Niranjani, V. KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India Hindusthan College of Engineering and Technology Department of Information Technology Coimbatore India Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397376

In recent years wireless sensor networks have helped with automation in many industry domains. Wireless technology cuts cable costs, deployment time and information to transfer and process from source to destination. To make good intelligent and highly automated systems, sensors are crucial. They make it possible to detect, analyze, measure, and process a variety of alterations that occur in industrial equipment's location, length, height, appearance, displacement, etc. This paper described the industrial standardization of different WSN protocols like Zig-Bee, Wireless HART, UWB, IETF 6LowPAN, ISA100, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. The work represented a few applications of WSNs in industry and its implementation challenges like safety, security, and availability. The work collected the energy consumption data of different home appliances. We applied the LightGBM machine learning algorithm to find a better energy consumption and prediction result. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Grasp Stability Assessment Through Spatio-Temporal Attention Mechanism and Adaptive Gate Fusion

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2025年第1期25卷 1872-1884页

作者： Li, Song Sun, Wei Liang, Qiaokang Sun, Jian Liu, Chongpei Hunan Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Natl Engn Res Ctr Robot Visual Percept & Control T Changsha 410000 Peoples R China Hunan Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Changsha 410000 Peoples R China Hunan Univ Coll Robot Changsha 410000 Peoples R China

In the field of robotic grasping and manipulation, accurately assessing the stability of handheld objects plays a critical role in achieving proficient manipulation. Methods relying solely on visual or tactile information for slip detection often have limited applicability across different scenarios. Relevant studies have shown that combining visual and tactile sensing can significantly improve grasping performance. This study proposes a novel deep neural network architecture, specifically adopting a spatiotemporal attention mechanism to fuse multilevel spatiotemporal features, effectively integrating deep high-level features with shallow low-level features. It extracts important slip features across temporal and spatial dimensions from both visual RGB image sequences and tactile image sequences, thereby facilitating stability prediction. The gating mechanism builds a resilient network architecture that adaptively fuses features with appropriate weights, maintaining highly accurate and robust predictive performance even when sensor signal quality degrades. Validation results from both public and custom datasets demonstrate that the proposed model is highly effective in accurately predicting grasp stability, even in the presence of missing, occluded, noisy, or corrupted visual or tactile sensor signals. The practicality of this approach extends to various downstream applications in robotics, including grasp force control, generation of grasping strategies, and proficient manipulation in challenging scenarios.

关键词： Visualization Adaptation models Attention mechanisms Grasping Logic gates Robot sensing systems Feature extraction Stability analysis Spatiotemporal phenomena sensors Grasp outcomes assessment multimodal fusion slip detection tactile sensing visual-tactile perception

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Lora-Enabled System for Smart Farming Management and Oversight, Utilizing Wireless sensor Networks 14

Lora-Enabled System for Smart Farming Management and Oversig...

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14th IEEE International conference on Communication systems and Network Technologies, CSNT 2025

作者： Elumalai, J. Kumuthapriya, K. Hema, R. Sundaram, P. Sakthi Shunmuga Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering S.K.R Engineering College Ponamallee Chennai600123 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tagore Engineering College Rathinamangalam Kelambakkam - Vandalur Rd Tamil Nadu Chennai600127 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531935

The purpose of this study is to create a LoRa-based smart farming management and surveillance system. Utilizing Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs) in rural settings, with the aim of replacing the existing technology in agricultural monitoring systems. A dedicated private network server is established and connected to a gateway, which gathers information or signals from the nodes at the end and sends this data to the cloud without the need for routers. This data can then be utilized for various applications by the end users. The system overcomes issues related to communication failures and energy-efficient data transmission. This advanced farming platform enhances the effectiveness of farming methods. The proposed methodology is the application of resources including as water, fertilizers, and pesticides should be optimized in order to achieve maximum efficiency while simultaneously minimizing waste. Farming productivity and sustainability are both significantly improved because of its contribution, notably in terms of the efficient management of resources. And intelligent cities used to improve agriculture-comparing the planned weather station and the numerous developed patents. The technique here is like a cutting-edge, reasonably priced choice for local weather monitoring. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Agricultural robots

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advanced SWIR sensor development at SUI 50

Advanced SWIR sensor development at SUI

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conference on Infrared Technology and applications L

作者： Linga, Krishna Huang, Wei Gustus, William Chi, James Liobe, John C. Sensors Unltd Inc RTX 330 Carter RdSuite 100 Princeton NJ 08540 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674110;9781510674103

sensors Unlimited Inc. (SUI), a Raytheon Company, continues to expand its sensor portfolio through the development of time-of-flight (TOF) capable technologies. The utility of SWIR for active TOF solutions is of particular interest due to its inherent eye safety characteristic. SUI is developing TOF technologies both at the detector and readout integrated circuit (ROIC) layers of the focal plane array (FPA). In this work, SUI will offer updates to the internal development efforts comprising both areas as it pertains to the time-of-flight technologies. In this work, SUI presents an update on PIN Photodiode Array (PDA) developments and the advancements in Avalanche Photodetectors (APD) Array development. SUI continue to push the PIN based SWIR photodetector performance by reducing the dark current, increasing the quantum efficiency in broad spectral wavelength range from 400nm to 1700nm and extending the wavelength to 2.6um. We will also present APD technology advancements specifically related to low temperature performance from room temperature to 260K and Geiger Mode operation. In addition, we will discuss the requirements of Readout Integrated Circuits (ROIC) for APD based sensor development for synchronous and asynchronous pulse detection and active and passive quenching mechanisms. We will also discuss 2-D and 3-D TCAD simulation results at low temperature and compare them with measured performance results. Finally, recent results related to the advanced development of Geiger Mode Avalanche Photodetectors (GMAPD) and the results using passive and active quenching circuits are presented.

关键词： GMAPD LMAPD APD SPAD TOF LADAR InGaAs SWIR

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TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION USING AN IN-SITU GAP-BASED TEMPERATURE sensor 37

TEMPERATURE COMPENSATION USING AN IN-SITU GAP-BASED TEMPERAT...

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37th IEEE International conference on Micro Electro Mechanical systems (MEMS)

作者： Liu, xintian xie, Qianyi Ozgurluk, Alper Jin, Qiutong Nguyen, Clark T. -C. Univ Calif Berkeley Dept EECS Berkeley CA 94720 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350357929

By enabling precise measurement of temperature right on a micromechanical resonant structure, a new gap-based temperature sensor permits temperature compensation to reduce the resonance frequency excursion over a 100 degrees C range of an 80-MHz polysilicon micromechanical ring resonator from an uncompensated 1882 ppm to a compensated 11.3 ppm, representing a more than 166x improvement. The key here is not only in-situ (i.e., localized) sensing, but also the fact that unlike other resonant temperature sensors this gap-based mechanism senses temperature in a manner decoupled from the Young's modulus temperature dependence that governs the temperature instability of the device-to-be-compensated (DTBC), where orthogonality of sensing and function is paramount. Since it requires just a few electrodes, this approach is applicable to a variety of applications, from resonator-based frequency references and sensors to non-resonant sensors using structures excitable to resonance without functional interference.

关键词： Temperature electrical stiffness polysilicon micromechanical resonators stability compensation

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Vital Signs Monitoring Using 61.4 GHz CW MIMO Radar sensor with LO-Scalable Low-Voltage Low-Power SiGe BiCMOS Chipset 54

Vital Signs Monitoring Using 61.4 GHz CW MIMO Radar Sensor w...

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54th European Microwave conference (EuMC)

作者： Sutbas, Batuhan Ng, Herman Jalli Eissa, Mohamed Hussein Carta, Corrado Kahmen, Gerhard IHP Leibniz Inst Innovat Mikroelekt Frankfurt Germany Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus Cottbus Germany Hsch Karlsruhe Karlsruhe Germany Tech Univ Berlin Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385892;9782874870774

This work proposes a highly energy-efficient continuous-wave (CW) radar sensor for vital signs monitoring realized at V-band using low-voltage and low-power TRx and VCO chips developed in an advanced SiGe BiCMOS technology. The dc power consumption is only 265mW from 1.5 V. The RF front-end board with antennas adopts a 2x2 MIMO configuration and is further expandable thanks to the LO-scalable architecture. The experiments conducted in an anechoic chamber for 2-D vibration measurements using TDM digital beamforming and human vital signs monitoring demonstrate the functionality and high accuracy of the overall system. The breathing and heart rates of a person obtained from the radar match the reference values acquired by a pulse oximeter very closely. The presented radar sensor with the reported high performance and energy efficiency specifications is readily compatible with mobile battery-powered modules for near term industrial and medical applications.

关键词： continuous-wave radar digital beamforming energy-efficiency integrated circuit low-power low-voltage medical sensor millimeter-wave silicon-germanium vital signs

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