A growing number of vehicles are equipped with Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication modules (e.g., Dedicated Short Range Communications) that allow them to exchange messages over the network. The V2V communication i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781728112176
A growing number of vehicles are equipped with Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication modules (e.g., Dedicated Short Range Communications) that allow them to exchange messages over the network. The V2V communication is expected to improve the road safety by overcoming limitation of conventional advanced Driver Assistance systems (ADASs). For a safe feature using V2V communication-based applications, it is essential to identify sender vehicles since V2V communication is typically implemented using a broadcast mechanism. Especially here, our focus is to correctly determine whether the preceding vehicle is the sender of the received message or not in order to realize co-operative driving such as platooning. Vehicle location information obtained by an onboard GPS module is typically used for the identification. However, the GPS module often provides wrong location information due to the limited accuracy in a certain environment such as an urban road surrounded by tall buildings. To prevent this GPS error from causing misidentifications, we propose a novel method which additionally uses shared ranging sensor data and behavioral control of the ego vehicle. Simulation result shows that our proposed method successfully reduces the number of misidentifications by 64 % compared with a method which fully depends on GPS information.
The main purpose of this paper is to design an optimal variational preconditioner for the linear system airing from the discretization of the Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) on the boundary of a scatterer via ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)8882020932
The main purpose of this paper is to design an optimal variational preconditioner for the linear system airing from the discretization of the Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) on the boundary of a scatterer via RWG elements [9]. To this aim, we construct finite element spaces forming a complex Y•, centered around curl conforming vector fields such that it is the Hodge dual of the finite element complexx• centered on RWG vector fields.
We have developed a pixel unit for CMOS image sensors (CISs) that has a shared transistor architecture with diagonally connected pixels. This pixel unit is composed of four photodiodes and seven transistors. It has a ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819466143
We have developed a pixel unit for CMOS image sensors (CISs) that has a shared transistor architecture with diagonally connected pixels. This pixel unit is composed of four photodiodes and seven transistors. It has a pixel size of 2.5-mu m square. The transistors were designed using 0.18-micron aluminum process technology. Shared diffusion for reading signal electrons occurs between the corners of two photodiodes. The advantages of this layout include a long amplifier gate length and a large photodiode area.
Anthropogenic copper pollution of environmental waters from sources such as acid mine drainage, antifouling paints, and industrial waste discharge is a major threat to our environment and human health. This study pres...
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Anthropogenic copper pollution of environmental waters from sources such as acid mine drainage, antifouling paints, and industrial waste discharge is a major threat to our environment and human health. This study presents an optical sensing system that combines self assembled glutaraldehyde-cross-linked double-layered polyethylenimine (PEI-GA-PEI)-modified nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) interferometers with reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS) for label-free, selective monitoring of ionic copper in environmental waters. Calibration of the sensing system with analytical solutions of copper shows a linear working range between 1 and 100 mg L-1 and a low limit of detection of 0.007 +/- 0.001 mg L-1 (i.e., similar to 0.007 ppm). Changes in the effective optical thickness (Delta OTeff) of PEI-GA-PEI-functionalized NAA interferometers are monitored in real-time by RIfS, and correlated with the amount of ionic copper present in aqueous solutions. The system performance is validated through x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (xPS) and the spatial distribution of copper within the nanoporous films is characterized by time-of-flight-secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS). The specificity and chemical selectivity of the PEI-GA-PEI-NAA sensor to Cu2+ ions is verified by screening six different metal ion solutions containing potentially interfering ions such as Al3+, Cd2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. Finally, the performance of the PEI-GA-PEI-NAA sensor for real-life applications is demonstrated using legacy acid mine drainage liquid and tap water for qualitative and quantitative detection of copper ions. This study provides new opportunities to develop portable, cost-competitive, and ultrasensitive sensing systems for real-life environmental applications.
THIS paper presents a comprehensive approach to fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) in inverter-driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) systems through the innovative integration of transformer-based architec...
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THIS paper presents a comprehensive approach to fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) in inverter-driven Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) systems through the innovative integration of transformer-based architectures with physics- informed neural networks (PINNs). The methodology addresses critical challenges in power electronics reliability by incorporating domain-specific physical constraints into the learning process, enabling both high accuracy and physically consistent predictions. The proposed system combines advancedsensor fusion techniques with real-time monitoring capabilities, processing multiple input streams including phase currents, temperatures, and voltage measurements. The architecture's dual-objective optimization approach balances traditional classification metrics with physics- based constraints, ensuring predictions align with fundamental electromagnetic and thermal principles. Experimental validation using a comprehensive dataset of 10,892 samples across nine distinct fault scenarios demonstrates the system's exceptional performance, achieving 98.57% classification accuracy while maintaining physical consistency scores above 0.98. The model exhibits robust performance across varying operational conditions, including speed variations (97.45-98.57% accuracy range) and load fluctuations (97.91-98.12% accuracy range). Notable achievements include perfect detection rates for certain critical faults, such as high-side short circuits and thermal anomalies, with area under ROC curve (AUC) scores of 1.0. This research establishes new benchmarks in condition monitoring and fault diagnosis for power electronic systems, offering practical implications for predictive maintenance and system reliability enhancement.
This paper presents the design and implementation of an optical sensor to detect color changes in fruit by means of white light reflection to measure fruit ripeness in industrial and agricultural applications. The sys...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628417371
This paper presents the design and implementation of an optical sensor to detect color changes in fruit by means of white light reflection to measure fruit ripeness in industrial and agricultural applications. The system consists of a LED RGB array including photodetectors, a power source and plastic optic fiber (POF). By means of Labview (R) graphic interface we can control the power emission of the diodes digitally mixing the colors at different intensities until we achieve white light to be used as a source for the color sensor. We used an ATmega2560 microcontroller as a data collection device to monitor the colors obtained and to show them as color models using Matlab (R). We show results from tests conducted using two guava samples, observing the evolution of the color change on the fruit skin until they became overripe.
A newly-invented, distributed, high-performance graphical processing framework that simulates complex radio frequency (RF) propagation has been developed and demonstrated. The approach uses an advanced computer archit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538634721
A newly-invented, distributed, high-performance graphical processing framework that simulates complex radio frequency (RF) propagation has been developed and demonstrated. The approach uses an advanced computer architecture and intensive multi-core system to enable high-performance data analysis at the fidelity necessary to design and develop modern sensorsystems. This widely applicable simulation and modeling technology aids in the design and development of state-of-the-art systems with complex waveforms and more advanced downstream exploitation techniques, e.g., systems with arbitrary RF waveforms, higher RF bandwidths and increasing resolution. The recent breakthroughs in computing hardware, software, systems and applications has enabled these concepts to be tested and demonstrated in a large variety of environments and early in the design cycle. Improvements in simulation accuracies and simulation timescales have been made that immediately increase the value to the end user. A near-analytic RF propagation model increased the computational need by orders of magnitude. This model also increased required numerical precision. The new general purpose graphics processing units (GPGPUs) provided the capability to simulate the propagation effects and model it with the necessary information dependence, and floating point mathematics where performance matters. The relative performance improvement between the baseline MATLAB (R) parallelized simulation and the equivalent GPU based simulation using 12 NVIDIA Tesla K20m GPUs on the Offspring High-Performance Computer (HPC) using the AirWASP (c) framework decreased simulation and modeling from 16.5 days to less than 1 day.
In many structural vibration control applications, strain sensors play a key role in the design and implementation of the vibration controller. Different types of sensors are commercially available, among which is the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819454362
In many structural vibration control applications, strain sensors play a key role in the design and implementation of the vibration controller. Different types of sensors are commercially available, among which is the poled polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), an attractive sensor for large bandwidths and low costs. Despite such attractive features, PVDF-based sensors have limited use due to their low efficiency (mechanical energy to electrical energy conversion factor). To remedy this, nanocrystals and nanostructures have been recently cited as candidate materials that can be engineered to exhibit enhanced or entirely new properties for use in different applications. Particularly, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have raised considerable interest in the scientific community due to their size and wide range of outstanding material properties. Given the moduli and strength values of CNTs, they are ideal filler materials for high performance (polymer) composite materials with unbeatable modulus-to-weight and strength-to-weight ratios-the attributes that are essential for structural vibration control of a wide variety of industrial equipment and systems. Along this line of reasoning, this paper undertakes the development and implementation of a novel sensor paradigm based on proper fusion of CNTs with PVDF materials.
The advanced Wavefront Sensing and Control Testbed (AWCT) is built as a versatile facility for developing and demonstrating, in hardware, the future technologies of wavefront sensing and control algorithms for active ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819482297
The advanced Wavefront Sensing and Control Testbed (AWCT) is built as a versatile facility for developing and demonstrating, in hardware, the future technologies of wavefront sensing and control algorithms for active optical systems. The testbed includes a source projector for a broadband point-source and a suite of extended scene targets, a dispersed fringe sensor, a Shack-Hartmann camera, and an imaging camera capable of phase retrieval wavefront sensing. The testbed also provides two easily accessible conjugated pupil planes which can accommodate active optical devices such as fast steering mirror, deformable mirror, and segmented mirrors. In this paper, we describe the testbed optical design, testbed configurations and capabilities, as well as the initial results from the testbed hardware integrations and tests.
The thesis presents a case study of fatigue estimation based on stress response root mean square under stochastic excitation. The cantilever beam with a hole is subjected to a stochastic vibration test firstly, during...
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The thesis presents a case study of fatigue estimation based on stress response root mean square under stochastic excitation. The cantilever beam with a hole is subjected to a stochastic vibration test firstly, during which measured the time history of stress at critical locations using strain gauges. Then the characteristics of measured locations' stress response RMS is discussed and the stress RMS curve of fatigue failure location is fitted. Finally, fatigue estimation is taken out based upon the stress RMS curve compared with experimental test life. The result indicates that it is practical to use stress RMS to estimate fatigue life under stochastic excitation, providing a method for fatigue analysis in engineering applications.
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