A novel method of noise reduction, referred to as zero-pole modulation and demodulation, is proposed for charge amplifiers in imaging and sensorsystems. In this method, the input signal is passed through a zero-pole ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781457702235
A novel method of noise reduction, referred to as zero-pole modulation and demodulation, is proposed for charge amplifiers in imaging and sensorsystems. In this method, the input signal is passed through a zero-pole system without being modified. However, the noise at the output of the charge amplifier is reduced by the demodulation. An experimental charge amplifier for applications in x-ray crystallography with zero-pole modulation-demodulation has been designed and integrated in a 0.18-mu m CMOS technology. The circuit operates at a frequency of 10 kHz and has a conversion gain of 100 mV/fC. The amount of noise reduction achieved by the proposed method is 40%, which corresponds well to the theoretically expected noise reduction. The experimental charge amplifier exhibits an input-referred noise of 100 ENC.
A wide-area sensor system is a complex, dynamic, resource-rich collection of Internet-connected sensing devices. In this paper, we propose x-Tree Programming, a novel database-centric programming model for wide-area s...
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It took PLC as the control center and Codesys software as the development platform to improve the the fire fighting robot’s obstacle avoidance performance. The ultrasonic sensors were used to detect the obstacles. Un...
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The development of small, autonomous sensor devices and their integration into wireless sensor networks has resulted in robust, easy-to-deploy and easy-to-operate systems that are used in a wide range of applications....
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BAE systems' SMART (Stacked Modular Architecture High-Resolution Thermal) Chip Camera provides very compact long-wave infrared (LWIR) solutions by combining a 12 lam wafer-level packaged focal plane array (FPA) wi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628415674
BAE systems' SMART (Stacked Modular Architecture High-Resolution Thermal) Chip Camera provides very compact long-wave infrared (LWIR) solutions by combining a 12 lam wafer-level packaged focal plane array (FPA) with multichip-stack, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) and wafer-level optics. The key innovations that enabled this include a single-layer 12 lam pixel bolometer design and robust fabrication process, as well as wafer-level lid packaging. We used advanced packaging techniques to achieve an extremely small-form-factor camera, with a complete volume of 2.9 cm3 and a thermal core weight of 5.1g. The SMART Chip Camera supports up to 60 Hz frame rates, and requires less than 500 mW of power. This work has been supported by the Defense advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) Low Cost Thermal Imager Manufacturing (LCTI-M) program, and BAE systems' internal research and development investment.
Advances in CMOS imaging enable image capture at lower light levels. Color detection is also possible where human vision becomes less sensitive in night conditions. In daytime conditions, there are a number of climati...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628414561
Advances in CMOS imaging enable image capture at lower light levels. Color detection is also possible where human vision becomes less sensitive in night conditions. In daytime conditions, there are a number of climatic conditions such as rain, fog, snow or smoke etc. that render traditional 'intelligent' outdoor cameras that perform various forms of detection and identification tasks relatively ineffective. It has been proven that an adapted five transistor pixel CMOS sensor can perform range-gated active imaging that extends considerably the usability of intelligent cameras in the most difficult conditions. This paper discusses advanced state of the art image sensors with embedded features, with emphasis on the everimportant size, weight, power and cost benefits and discusses the new applications that are enabled.
The Intelligent Vehicle/Highway systems (IVHS) concept needs significant radio spectrum if it is to succeed. The pressure for audio and data radio channels to communicate from infrastructure to vehicles is especially ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)078031235X
The Intelligent Vehicle/Highway systems (IVHS) concept needs significant radio spectrum if it is to succeed. The pressure for audio and data radio channels to communicate from infrastructure to vehicles is especially strong because many emerging IVHS applications involve advanced Traveller Information systems (ATIS). Regardless of how great the social value of a proposed service, nowhere near sufficient radio spectrum can be made available as quickly as it will be needed. Driven by this need, the IVHS community discovered subcarriers on broadcast stations as potential one-way communications channels. Broadcast signals cover North America with a high positive correlation between population density and usable signals. Broadcast subcarriers are a unique medium with engineering tradeoffs unfamiliar to most communications engineers. This paper will explore the technical aspects of broadcast subcarriers on FM, AM and television stations from an historical, current and future viewpoint. Differences in broadcast styles around the world and their potential impact on subcarrier operation will also be discussed.
In array signal processing applications, it can happen that amplitude and phase distortions are inadvertently introduced into the constituent sensor signals through electronic equipment miscalibration or non omni -dir...
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PAR Government systems Corporation (PAR) has developed a low-cost, low-weight, low-profile, mission-adaptable multispectral imaging system utilizing mass-produced commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, for the pu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819457728
PAR Government systems Corporation (PAR) has developed a low-cost, low-weight, low-profile, mission-adaptable multispectral imaging system utilizing mass-produced commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, for the purpose of providing continuous real-time multispectral data collection for mine counter measures (MCM), intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance study applications aboard low-cost, light manned and unmanned aircraft platforms. The mission adaptable narrowband tunable imaging system (MANTIS) has been integrated into a small 5 '' turret currently employed on a variety of small UAV platforms. The turreted MANTIS (MANTIS-3T) provides remote operator control to adjust gain, exposure, and pointing commands. The MANTIS-3T sensor will be used to collect imagery over calibration and test targets. Integration strategies and planned data collections are presented.
The ever-growing demand for simple, fast and reliable techniques for the detection of pollutants and contaminants in the environment has sparked the development of remote detection and monitoring systems which include...
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The ever-growing demand for simple, fast and reliable techniques for the detection of pollutants and contaminants in the environment has sparked the development of remote detection and monitoring systems which include application specific sensors, instrumentation and signal processing. We report here the design, fabrication and characterisation of four designs of microelectrochemical systems on silicon chip for the detection of pollutants in artificial sea-water. These systems were fabricated by photolithography and incorporate a Pt working microelectrode array (squares or bands), a Pt counter electrode and a Ag vertical bar AgCl reference electrode. They have been characterised by cyclic voltammetry of ferricyanide and behaved in good agreement with the theory. These systems were evaluated over 72 hours and showed good stability. Underpotential Deposition - Stripping Voltammetry experiments of Cu2+ in artificial seawater have been carried out at an array of 35 microsquares of 20 mu m x 20 mu m. The sensitivity achieved was (2.93 +/- 0.14) mu A cm(-2) mu M-1, with 1 mu M being the lowest Cu2+ concentration measured. These devices provide the basis for the development into sensorsystems for remote analysis applications.
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