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31st conference on Electronics Circuits and systems

作者： Coustans, Mathieu FHNW Inst Sensor & Elect Windisch Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377217;9798350377200

This paper presents an all-PMOS charge-pump cell that enhances efficiency using advanced bulk-bias techniques. Traditional designs struggle with switching losses and threshold voltage effects, especially under low voltage or high-frequency conditions. Our design mitigates these issues by optimizing charge transfer through improved bulk management. The proposed architecture shows significant efficiency gains, validated through theoretical analysis and experimental results, making it a robust solution for efficient DC-DC conversion applications.

关键词： Charge-pump bulk-biasing DC-DC conversion switching losses power management low-power design

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ZnO/CuI Heterojunction UV-Photovoltaic Gas sensor for Self-Powered IoT-Integrated n-Butylamine VOC Detection

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advanced MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2025年

作者： Rekha, Sreelakshmi Madhavanunni Ghuge, Rahul Suresh Vikraman, Hajeesh Kumar Kiran, Mangalampalli S. R. N. Sivalingam, Yuvaraj Bhat, Sarpangala Venkataprasad SRM Inst Sci & Technol Dept Phys & Nanotechnol Green Energy Mat GEM Lab Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India SRM Inst Sci & Technol Dept Phys & Nanotechnol Lab Sensors Energy & Elect Devices Lab SEED Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India SRM Inst Sci & Technol Dept Phys & Nanotechnol Funct Coatings Mat & Nanomech Lab Kattankulathur 603203 Tamil Nadu India King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST Comp Elect & Math Sci & Engn Div CEMSE Thuwal 239556900 Saudi Arabia KPR Coll Arts Sci & Res Dept Comp Sci Coimbatore 641407 Tamil Nadu India

The increasing demand for low-power, compact, and efficient gas sensors for next-generation technologies like Internet of things (IoT) platforms and portable devices drives the advancements in self-powered gas sensing systems. Photovoltaic self-powered sensors have emerged as a promising solution, harvesting light energy without external power. However, existing designs are limited by complex fabrication processes and a focus on oxidizing gases, which leaves behind reducing gases, particularly the volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study presents a transparent, solution-processed ZnO/CuI heterojunction-based UV light-induced photovoltaic self-powered (UV-PSP) gas sensor for the selective detection of VOC n-butylamine. The sensor exhibits good sensitivity (0.0709), detection limit (6.6 ppm), and response (10% at 25 ppm). The ZnO/CuI heterojunction provides high electron mobility, chemical stability, and hydrophobicity, ensuring robust real-time monitoring. The sensor also demonstrates long-term stability (>80% response retention over 25 days) and reduced humidity interference. The sensing mechanism is investigated via Scanning Kelvin Probe to reveal the charge transfer dynamics. A functional IoT-enabled prototype further validates its practical applicability for environmental and industrial applications, offering continuous and remote gas monitoring. This study establishes the ZnO/CuI heterojunction as a versatile and energy-efficient platform for VOC detection for sustainable and portable sensor systems.

关键词： gas sensor heterojunction IoT application n-butylamine photovoltaic self-powered VOC detection

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Parallelized Code Generation from Simulink Models for Event-driven and Timer-driven ROS 2 Nodes 50

Parallelized Code Generation from Simulink Models for Event-...

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50th Euromicro conference on Software Engineering and advanced applications

作者： Obi, Kenshin Yoshinaka, Ryo Fujimoto, Hiroshi Azumi, Takuya Saitama Univ Grad Sch Sci & Engn Saitama Japan eSOL Co Ltd Software Div Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262

In recent years, the complexity and scale of embedded systems, especially in the rapidly developing field of autonomous driving systems, have increased significantly. This has led to the adoption of software and hardware approaches such as Robot Operating System (ROS) 2 and multi-core processors. Traditional manual program parallelization faces challenges, including maintaining data integrity and avoiding concurrency issues such as deadlocks. While model-based development (MBD) automates this process, it encounters difficulties with the integration of modern frameworks such as ROS 2 in multi-input scenarios. This paper proposes an MBD framework to overcome these issues, categorizing ROS 2-compatible Simulink models into event-driven and timer-driven types for targeted parallelization. As a result, it extends the conventional parallelization by MBD and supports parallelized code generation for ROS 2-based models with multiple inputs. The evaluation results show that after applying parallelization with the proposed framework, all patterns show a reduction in execution time, confirming the effectiveness of parallelization.

关键词： Embedded systems model-based development multi/many-core processors

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Model-Based Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability Analysis for Satellite systems with Collaborative Maneuvers via Stochastic Games 50

Model-Based Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability A...

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50th Euromicro conference on Software Engineering and advanced applications

作者： Baouya, Abdelhakim Hamid, Brahim Mohamed, Otmane Ait Bensalem, Saddek Univ Toulouse IRIT CNRS UT2 118 Route Narbonne F-31062 Toulouse 9 France Concordia Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn ECE Montreal PQ Canada Univ Grenoble Alpes VERIMAG Grenoble France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262

Space-based navigation systems rely on satellites to operate in orbit and have lifetimes of 10 years or more. Engineers employ Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) analysis during the design phase to maximize a satellite's mean time between failures (MTBF). These design parameters help to optimize maintenance plans, enhance overall reliability, and extend the satellite's lifespan. The paper presents a novel approach using concurrent stochastic games (CSG) to model a single satellite with logical and formal specifications of RAM properties in rPATL. We leverage the PRISM-games model checker for quantitative analysis while considering collaborative behaviors between involved players in orbit and on the ground. This CSG-based approach offers a rich design space where actors considered as players involved in satellite maintenance can collaborate and learn optimal strategies.

关键词： Navigation Satellite systems Reliability Availability Maintainability Concurrent Stochastic Games

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Static Timing Analysis of Cyber-Physical systems with Relaxed Real-Time Constraints 50

Static Timing Analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems with Relaxe...

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50th Euromicro conference on Software Engineering and advanced applications

作者： Roumage, Guillaume Azaiez, Selma Faure, Cyril Louise, Stephane Univ Paris Saclay CEA List F-91120 Palaiseau France

ISBN: (纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262

Modern Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) often involve dependent real-time processes bound to different timing constraints. These CPSs can be modeled using PolyGraph, a formalism that extends the Cyclo-Static Dataflow model with explicit real-time constraints. Unlike traditional real-time approaches where timing constraints are specified for every process, PolyGraph can offer greater flexibility by binding real-time constraints for only a subset of processes (e.g., processes associated with hardware components such as sensors and actuators), along with end-to-end latency specifications. In that case, processes without specified timing constraints only inherit ones from processes with explicit and specified timing constraints due to data dependencies. This paper aims to formalize a method to derive timing constraints for an entire PolyGraph model where only a subset of processes has explicit timing constraints in the model. We demonstrate how this approach eases scheduling constraints and enables early detection of missed deadlines through two examples from a vehicle ADAS and the Ingenuity Mars helicopter.

关键词： Static Timing Analysis Dataflow Model System-Level Verification Real-Time systems

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Application of big data analysis in improving the efficiency of sensor reliability testing

Application of big data analysis in improving the efficiency...

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2024 International conference on Physics, Photonics, and Optical Engineering, ICPPOE 2024

作者： Wan, Wangjun Zhao, Minghua Song, Weijie Dong, Chunfa Ling, Zhixiang State Grid Jinan Power Supply Company Shandong Jinan250000 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510689121

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689114

In modern technological applications, the reliability of sensors plays a crucial role in ensuring the proper functioning of systems. Therefore, sensor reliability testing has become an important aspect of quality control and system maintenance. However, traditional testing methods often face challenges in terms of efficiency and accuracy, especially when dealing with large-scale sensor data. In order to address these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative approach to improving sensor reliability testing efficiency by leveraging big data analytics, particularly through the application of neural networks. The method involves extracting features from different scales and abstraction levels using a multi-scale neural network architecture. Subsequently, the extracted detailed information is fused with high-level semantic features to minimize information loss, enhance feature utilization, and obtain advanced features, thereby improving the performance of the network. Additionally, a spatial attention module is introduced into the network to extract critical information and enhance overall network performance, effectively detecting sensor faults. Through comprehensive experiments conducted on real-world sensor data, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method have been demonstrated, highlighting its significant potential in enhancing sensor reliability testing processes. This research not only contributes to the advancement of sensor reliability testing but also underscores the broader potential of big data analytics in improving the performance and reliability of complex technological systems. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Data reliability

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Resonant optical gyroscopes based on low-coherence radiation sources 14

Resonant optical gyroscopes based on low-coherence radiation...

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advanced sensor systems and applications xIV 2024

作者： Filatov, Yu.V. Shalymov, E.V. Venediktov, Vladimir Yu. Iureva, E.K. Laser Measurement and Navigation Systems Department Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI St. Petersburg197022 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781510682146

The paper is devoted to the analysis and review of optical resonance gyroscopes on low-coherence radiation sources. The main advantages of using low-coherence radiation sources in optical resonance gyroscopes are considered. The circuit design options for their implementation developed to date, their operating principle, achieved characteristics, common problems of such gyroscopes and methods for solving them are analyzed. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Gyroscopes

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IoT-based automatic road accident detection systems: A review 4

IoT-based automatic road accident detection systems: A revie...

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4th International conference on Soft Computing for Security applications, ICSCSA 2024

作者： Prabu, C.R. Namitha, Kalakunnath Amrita School of Computing Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Department of Computer Science and Engineering Amritapuri India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515720

With the increasing number of vehicles on roads, the occurrence of road accidents has become a major concern globally. Automatic road accident detection systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have emerged as a promising solution to improve emergency response times and reduce the severity of accidents. The review encompasses various aspects including the underlying technologies, sensor networks, data processing algorithms, communication protocols, and system architectures used in these systems. Furthermore, the paper discusses the challenges and limitations of current approaches such as sensor accuracy, system scalability, and real-Time data processing. It also identifies future research directions including the integration of advanced sensor technologies, machine learning algorithms for accident prediction, and the development of standardized communication protocols for interoperability among different systems. To improve road safety, researchers and practitioners can use the ideas to help build IoT-based autonomous road accident detection systems that are more effective and efficient. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Interoperability

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Multimodal Wearable Sensing systems based on Higher-Order Parity-Time Symmetry 25

Multimodal Wearable Sensing Systems based on Higher-Order Pa...

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24th International conference on Electromagnetics in advanced applications (ICEAA) / 12th IEEE-APS Topical conference on Antennas and Propagation in Wireless Communications (IEEE APWC)

作者： Ye, Zhilu Yang, Minye Farhat, Mohamed Chen, Pai-Yen Univ Illinois Chicago IL 60607 USA King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol KAUST Thuwal 239556900 Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350320589

Parity-time (PT) symmetry, a salient landmark in the realm of non-Hermitian physics, reveals that non-conservative Hamiltonians upholding both parity (P) and time-reversal (T) operators may present entirely real eigenspectra [1]-[3]. The advent of PT symmetry has facilitated a plethora of applications, ranging from wireless sensor telemetry and power transmission to dynamic wave manipulation and cloaking [1], [2]. In particular, PT-symmetric systems have exhibited formidable efficacy in ultra-sensitive wireless sensing [3]. It has been observed that the eigen frequencies of such a system bifurcate at an exceptional point (EP), where they demonstrate remarkable sensitivity to minuscule perturbations. This phenomenon culminates in superlative sensitivity, considerably outstripping that of traditional LC resonator-based sensors. Nonetheless, despite these appreciable benefits, current PT-symmetric systems are limited to the detection of singular resistive or capacitive parameters. These systems fall short in identifying and discerning each parameter when resistive and capacitive variations coexist. This constraint curtails the applicability of PT -symmetric systems in certain real-world scenarios. For instance, in wearable biomedical monitoring situations, multiple biomarkers may vary simultaneously, thereby necessitating more multiplexed detection systems. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electric power transmission

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Discrete-Time Circuital Modeling of Hysteretic Piezo-Actuated MEMS Loudspeakers for In-Ear applications

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IEEE sensorS JOURNAL 2025年第7期25卷 11236-11245页

作者： Massi, Oliviero Giampiccolo, Riccardo Bernardini, Alberto Politecn Milan Dipartimento Elettron Informaz & Bioingn DEIB I-20133 Milan Italy

Piezoelectrically actuated micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) loudspeakers have experienced significant advancements in recent years, achieving acoustic performance for in-ear applications comparable with traditional electrodynamic microspeakers. Despite their advantages in compactness, power efficiency, and ease of integration, these devices are limited by nonlinear hysteretic effects inherent to piezoelectric transduction, which often lead to undesirable distortion. Accurate and computationally efficient models are crucial for enabling digital signal processing (DSP) precompensation algorithms to address this challenge. While well-established nonlinear lumped-element models of electrodynamic loudspeakers have supported DSP techniques for equalization and linearization, the lack of analogous models for MEMS loudspeakers has constrained their broader application. This article presents a nonlinear discrete-time circuital model for a piezo-actuated MEMS loudspeaker designed for in-ear applications. The proposed model integrates two key processing components: a neural network (NN)-based block that accurately captures the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of piezoelectric transduction, and a linear circuit-equivalent block that represents the loudspeaker's vibration and acoustic environment. The discrete-time implementation of the model, including a wave digital filter (WDF) realization of the circuit-equivalent block, enables efficient and accurate simulation of nonlinear hysteretic dynamics under arbitrary input signals. Validation against experimental data-including time-domain pressure waveforms, frequency-domain sound pressure level (SPL), and total harmonic distortion (THD)-demonstrates the model's accuracy and effectiveness across a wide range of operating conditions.

关键词： Loudspeakers Micromechanical devices Integrated circuit modeling Hysteresis Mathematical models Equivalent circuits Electrodynamics Electric fields Ear Computational modeling micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) loudspeakers neural networks (NNs) nonlinear circuit model piezoelectric transducers wave digital filters (WDFs)

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