This paper presents an all-PMOS charge-pump cell that enhances efficiency using advanced bulk-bias techniques. Traditional designs struggle with switching losses and threshold voltage effects, especially under low vol...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350377217;9798350377200
This paper presents an all-PMOS charge-pump cell that enhances efficiency using advanced bulk-bias techniques. Traditional designs struggle with switching losses and threshold voltage effects, especially under low voltage or high-frequency conditions. Our design mitigates these issues by optimizing charge transfer through improved bulk management. The proposed architecture shows significant efficiency gains, validated through theoretical analysis and experimental results, making it a robust solution for efficient DC-DC conversion applications.
The increasing demand for low-power, compact, and efficient gas sensors for next-generation technologies like Internet of things (IoT) platforms and portable devices drives the advancements in self-powered gas sensing...
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The increasing demand for low-power, compact, and efficient gas sensors for next-generation technologies like Internet of things (IoT) platforms and portable devices drives the advancements in self-powered gas sensing systems. Photovoltaic self-powered sensors have emerged as a promising solution, harvesting light energy without external power. However, existing designs are limited by complex fabrication processes and a focus on oxidizing gases, which leaves behind reducing gases, particularly the volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study presents a transparent, solution-processed ZnO/CuI heterojunction-based UV light-induced photovoltaic self-powered (UV-PSP) gas sensor for the selective detection of VOC n-butylamine. The sensor exhibits good sensitivity (0.0709), detection limit (6.6 ppm), and response (10% at 25 ppm). The ZnO/CuI heterojunction provides high electron mobility, chemical stability, and hydrophobicity, ensuring robust real-time monitoring. The sensor also demonstrates long-term stability (>80% response retention over 25 days) and reduced humidity interference. The sensing mechanism is investigated via Scanning Kelvin Probe to reveal the charge transfer dynamics. A functional IoT-enabled prototype further validates its practical applicability for environmental and industrial applications, offering continuous and remote gas monitoring. This study establishes the ZnO/CuI heterojunction as a versatile and energy-efficient platform for VOC detection for sustainable and portable sensorsystems.
In recent years, the complexity and scale of embedded systems, especially in the rapidly developing field of autonomous driving systems, have increased significantly. This has led to the adoption of software and hardw...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262
In recent years, the complexity and scale of embedded systems, especially in the rapidly developing field of autonomous driving systems, have increased significantly. This has led to the adoption of software and hardware approaches such as Robot Operating System (ROS) 2 and multi-core processors. Traditional manual program parallelization faces challenges, including maintaining data integrity and avoiding concurrency issues such as deadlocks. While model-based development (MBD) automates this process, it encounters difficulties with the integration of modern frameworks such as ROS 2 in multi-input scenarios. This paper proposes an MBD framework to overcome these issues, categorizing ROS 2-compatible Simulink models into event-driven and timer-driven types for targeted parallelization. As a result, it extends the conventional parallelization by MBD and supports parallelized code generation for ROS 2-based models with multiple inputs. The evaluation results show that after applying parallelization with the proposed framework, all patterns show a reduction in execution time, confirming the effectiveness of parallelization.
Space-based navigation systems rely on satellites to operate in orbit and have lifetimes of 10 years or more. Engineers employ Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) analysis during the design phase to m...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262
Space-based navigation systems rely on satellites to operate in orbit and have lifetimes of 10 years or more. Engineers employ Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) analysis during the design phase to maximize a satellite's mean time between failures (MTBF). These design parameters help to optimize maintenance plans, enhance overall reliability, and extend the satellite's lifespan. The paper presents a novel approach using concurrent stochastic games (CSG) to model a single satellite with logical and formal specifications of RAM properties in rPATL. We leverage the PRISM-games model checker for quantitative analysis while considering collaborative behaviors between involved players in orbit and on the ground. This CSG-based approach offers a rich design space where actors considered as players involved in satellite maintenance can collaborate and learn optimal strategies.
Modern Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) often involve dependent real-time processes bound to different timing constraints. These CPSs can be modeled using PolyGraph, a formalism that extends the Cyclo-Static Dataflow mode...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350380279;9798350380262
Modern Cyber-Physical systems (CPS) often involve dependent real-time processes bound to different timing constraints. These CPSs can be modeled using PolyGraph, a formalism that extends the Cyclo-Static Dataflow model with explicit real-time constraints. Unlike traditional real-time approaches where timing constraints are specified for every process, PolyGraph can offer greater flexibility by binding real-time constraints for only a subset of processes (e.g., processes associated with hardware components such as sensors and actuators), along with end-to-end latency specifications. In that case, processes without specified timing constraints only inherit ones from processes with explicit and specified timing constraints due to data dependencies. This paper aims to formalize a method to derive timing constraints for an entire PolyGraph model where only a subset of processes has explicit timing constraints in the model. We demonstrate how this approach eases scheduling constraints and enables early detection of missed deadlines through two examples from a vehicle ADAS and the Ingenuity Mars helicopter.
In modern technological applications, the reliability of sensors plays a crucial role in ensuring the proper functioning of systems. Therefore, sensor reliability testing has become an important aspect of quality cont...
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The paper is devoted to the analysis and review of optical resonance gyroscopes on low-coherence radiation sources. The main advantages of using low-coherence radiation sources in optical resonance gyroscopes are cons...
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With the increasing number of vehicles on roads, the occurrence of road accidents has become a major concern globally. Automatic road accident detection systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies have emer...
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Parity-time (PT) symmetry, a salient landmark in the realm of non-Hermitian physics, reveals that non-conservative Hamiltonians upholding both parity (P) and time-reversal (T) operators may present entirely real eigen...
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Piezoelectrically actuated micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) loudspeakers have experienced significant advancements in recent years, achieving acoustic performance for in-ear applications comparable with traditio...
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Piezoelectrically actuated micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) loudspeakers have experienced significant advancements in recent years, achieving acoustic performance for in-ear applications comparable with traditional electrodynamic microspeakers. Despite their advantages in compactness, power efficiency, and ease of integration, these devices are limited by nonlinear hysteretic effects inherent to piezoelectric transduction, which often lead to undesirable distortion. Accurate and computationally efficient models are crucial for enabling digital signal processing (DSP) precompensation algorithms to address this challenge. While well-established nonlinear lumped-element models of electrodynamic loudspeakers have supported DSP techniques for equalization and linearization, the lack of analogous models for MEMS loudspeakers has constrained their broader application. This article presents a nonlinear discrete-time circuital model for a piezo-actuated MEMS loudspeaker designed for in-ear applications. The proposed model integrates two key processing components: a neural network (NN)-based block that accurately captures the nonlinear hysteretic behavior of piezoelectric transduction, and a linear circuit-equivalent block that represents the loudspeaker's vibration and acoustic environment. The discrete-time implementation of the model, including a wave digital filter (WDF) realization of the circuit-equivalent block, enables efficient and accurate simulation of nonlinear hysteretic dynamics under arbitrary input signals. Validation against experimental data-including time-domain pressure waveforms, frequency-domain sound pressure level (SPL), and total harmonic distortion (THD)-demonstrates the model's accuracy and effectiveness across a wide range of operating conditions.
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