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Fiber-Shaped, Stretchable Strain sensors with High Linearity by One-Step Injection Molding for Structural Health Monitoring

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advanced FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2025年第0期

作者： Wang, Jingxiang Liu, Bo Li, Donghan Yuan, Jun Huang, Dongyan Zhang, Changchao Song, Wenda Wang, Cong Wang, Jingting Liu, Linpeng Han, Zhiwu Ren, Luquan Jilin Agr Univ Coll Engn Technol Changchun 130118 Peoples R China Jilin Univ Key Lab Bion Engn Minist Educ Changchun 130022 Peoples R China Cent South Univ Coll Mech & Elect Engn Changsha 410083 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Chengdu Inst Biol CAS Key Lab Environm & Appl Microbiol Environm Microbiol Key Lab Sichuan Prov Chengdu 610041 Peoples R China Hong Kong Polytech Univ Dept Mech Engn Hong Kong 999077 Peoples R China

Fiber-shaped strain sensors have attracted considerable attention due to their exceptional stretchability, conductivity, and flexibility, making them promising for applications in wearable electronics, smart textiles, and structural health monitoring. However, most reported ones based on elastic conductive fibers are fabricated by blending conductive materials with polymers, lacking effective encapsulation to resist environmental interferences such as dust and water. Inspired by the myelin sheath of nerve fibers, a fiber-shaped, stretchable strain sensor featuring an elastic silicone tube is developed as the encapsulation layer and a conductive hybrid film as the sensing layer. The difference in rebound hysteresis capacity between the silicone tube and the hybrid film effectively enhances the sensor's recovery after stretching. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensors exhibit a linearity of up to 0.9958, a stretchability of 100% strain, and outstanding cyclic stability over 7 000 loading-unloading cycles. Furthermore, the sensor demonstrates multi-functionality in monitoring strain, temperature, and pressure while maintaining robust water and dust resistance. Application tests on large-scale bridges and agricultural greenhouses have validated its effectiveness in structural health monitoring, showcasing the significant potential for use in health monitoring systems. The sensor's environmental resilience facilitates its deployment in real-world scenarios by minimizing interference from external factors.

关键词： bioinspired fiber high linearity strain sensor structural health monitoring

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Optical fiber liquid level sensor for cryogenic environment

Optical fiber liquid level sensor for cryogenic environment

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2024 advanced Fiber Laser conference, AFL 2024

作者： Yang, Jianchun Zhao, Zining Li, xinke Liang, Kui Wang, Huimin Key Laboratory for Optoelectronic Technology and Systems of Education Ministry of China College of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing401331 China

ISBN: (数字)9781510688889

ISBN: (纸本)9781510688872

Cryogenic temperature liquids such as liquid hydrogen, liquid helium, and liquid nitrogen are widely used in aerospace, medical, and industrial production. To ensure the safety of cryogenic liquids during their transportation, storage, and use, measuring liquid level information is of great significance. Propose a liquid nitrogen level sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG), which uses a stainless steel circular elastic membrane as the liquid level sensing element, is enclosed by a stainless steel circular shell, and has a dual grating structure inside. Using a finite element method, the sensitivity of the sensor elastic membrane to concentrated stress and uniformly distributed load was numerically analyzed. The influence of membrane thickness and small hole diameter size on deflection under uniformly distributed load showed that the thickness of the elastic membrane was 0.03 mm and the diameter was 84 mm;When the pressure is greater than 0.01 MPa, the sensitivity of the elastic membrane to uniformly distributed loads is 15.9 mm/MPa, and the sensitivity of the elastic membrane under concentrated stress is 0.0134 mm/N. Through liquid nitrogen level sensing experiments, it has been shown that the liquid nitrogen level height sensitivity is 0.050 nm/m, and the resolution is 1 cm. This sensor provides a reference for measuring liquid hydrogen and liquid helium levels. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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PDA-Ag/TiO2 Nanoparticles-Loaded Electrospun Nylon Composite Nanofibrous Film-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Wearable Biomechanical Energy Harvesting and Multifunctional sensors

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advanced FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2025年第9期35卷

作者： Manchi, Punnarao Paranjape, Mandar Vasant Kurakula, Anand Graham, Sontyana Adonijah Kavarthapu, Venkata Siva Yu, Jae Su Kyung Hee Univ Inst Wearable Convergence Elect Dept Elect & Informat Convergence Engn 1732 Deogyeong Daero Yongin 17104 Gyeonggi Do South Korea

Although the adoption of self-powered energy harvesting technologies is rapidly increasing, the fabrication of flexible, easy-to-assemble, highly sensitive, and energy-efficient devices continues to pose a significant challenge. Electrospun nanofibrous film-based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) show great promise for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensor applications due to their flexibility, wearability, lightweight, and high electrical output. Herein, a polydopamine (PDA)-treated silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated titanium dioxide (PDA-Ag/TiO2 NPs) is innovatively incorporated into an electrospun Nylon 66 polymer to construct PDA-Ag/TiO2 nylon composite nanofibrous film (NCNF)-based TENGs (PAT@NCNF TENGs). The prepared nanofibrous films display high dielectric and conductive properties, improving the output electrical performance of the TENG. The electrical output performance of the PAT@NCNF TENG is systematically studied by varying the filler material embedded in the Nylon 66 polymer. The assembled PAT@NCNF TENG exhibits an electrical output of approximate to 370 V, approximate to 15 mu A, and approximate to 5.4 W m(-2) with an excellent pressure sensitivity of approximate to 7.88 V kPa(-1). The proposed PAT@NCNF TENG is used to harvest various forms of biomechanical energy and to power electronic gadgets. Finally, PAT@NCNF TENG is effectively employed for multifunctional sensing systems to monitor biomechanical actions, detect the pressure and impact of objects, and facilitate Morse code transmission and human gait monitoring applications.

关键词： biomechanical sensor mechanical energy harvesting multifunctional sensing system PAT@NCNF TENG PDA-Ag/TiO2 nylon electrospun nanofibrous film

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Synthesis and analysis of Au:Pd nanoparticles by substrate removable technique for enhanced catalytic applications on ZnO gas sensor 19

Synthesis and analysis of Au:Pd nanoparticles by substrate r...

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19th Siam Physics Congress

作者： Chansuriya, S. Hongsith, N. Univ Phayao Sch Sci Dept Phys Phayao 56000 Thailand Univ Phayao Unit Excellent Adv Mat Sensors Phayao 56000 Thailand

This study presents a methodology for synthesizing and analyzing Au:Pd nanoparticles, using the substrate removable technique, with a focus on their potential for catalytic gas sensing applications. The process begins with the deposition of NaCl onto a glass substrate via the evaporation technique. Subsequently, Au: Pd are sputtered onto the NaCl-coated substrate, with adjustments made to sputtering parameters such as time and current to finely tune composition and thickness. x-ray diffraction (xRD) is used to analyze the crystal structure of the resulting films. The optical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles are examined by analyzing the absorption spectra across a range of wavelengths from 200 to 900 nm. The Au:Pd nanoparticles are subsequently extracted from the substrate through dissolution using deionization of water. In addition, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) techniques are used to evaluate the distribution of particle sizes and the stability of colloidal systems. Analyzing the zeta potential of the nanoparticle solutions yields key insights into their surface charge. Demonstrating the catalytic potential of the Au:Pd nanoparticles, they are applied to a ZnO gas sensor, effectively detecting gas vapor. Remarkably, the sensor's sensitivity is enhanced and reveals efficacy across various gas concentrations. This novel approach holds great potential for the advancement of catalytic applications.

关键词： Chemical sensors

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6th IEEE International conference on Image Processing, applications and systems, IPAS 2025 - Proceedings

6th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Appli...

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6th IEEE International conference on Image Processing, applications and systems, IPAS 2025

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506520

The proceedings contain 86 papers. The topics discussed include: robust real-time monitoring of complex human activities using multi modal video analytics;a robust approach for classifying laparoscopic video distortions using ResNet-50;enhancing x-ray image classification through neural architecture;revolutionary MRI imaging for Alzheimer’s: cutting-edge GANs and vision transformer solutions;advanced deep learning strategies for breast cancer image analysis;identifying surgical instruments in pedagogical cataract surgery videos through an optimized aggregation network;enhancing auxiliary cancer classification task for multi-task breast ultrasound diagnosis network;and bioinspired computer vision for effective extended reality applications.

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A Novel Multiple Modes Resonant sensor Featuring Blue Sideband Excitation 38

A Novel Multiple Modes Resonant Sensor Featuring Blue Sideba...

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38th IEEE International conference on Micro Electro Mechanical systems, MEMS 2025

作者： xu, Jiao Zheng, Zhuoyue xi, Jingqian Zhang, Ziqian Liu, Huafeng Zhang, Pan Chen, Jianlin Wang, Chen Kraft, Michael Wang, Yuan Martins, R.P. Mak, Pui-In Huazhong University of Science and Technology Moe Key Laboratory of Fundamental Physical Quantities Measurement Pgmf School of Physics Wuhan430074 China University of Macau Institute of Microelectronics State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal Vlsi 999078 China Peking University National Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro and Nano Manufacture Technology School of Integrated Circuits 100871 China Shanghai University School of Microelectronics 200444 China Ku Leuven Department of Electrical Engineering-MNS Leuven3000 Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508890

This paper reports a novel MEMS resonant structure functioning as a baseline resonant electrostatic force/temperature sensor, highlighting its substantial potential in sensing applications. The resonator, characterized by a dual-cosine structure, is capable of simultaneous multiple resonant modes actuation within the 300 kHz range, through a sole-source drive approach using the recent emerging Blue Sideband Excitation (BSE) technique. This method enables a distinctive multi-modal response, essential for multi-parameter measurements. The research focuses on the sensor's temperature characteristics, electrostatic perturbation sensitivity, and noise floor. Notably, the study reveals intriguing temperature responses across different modes, where certain modes exhibit a significant frequency rise with increasing temperature, this is counter-intuitive with common MEMS resonator devices, prompting further investigation into the underlying mechanisms. The analysis of electrostatic perturbation sensitivity and noise background further unfolds the resonator's performance under various excitation conditions, laying a foundation for advancing sensor functionality, and providing solid evidence on the viability of the subject. To sum up, this study highlights the resonator's potential as a high-precision sensor, opening new opportunities for MEMS sensor design and multi-parameter measurement applications. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Microchannels

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Refractive insensitive directional bend sensor based on specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core

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OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY 2025年 180卷

作者： Luo, Yanhua Zhao, Chaofan Yan, Binbin Natesan, Ayyanar Dhasarathan, Vigneswaran Sun, xiaohong Chen, Wei Peng, Gang-Ding Shanghai Univ Shanghai Inst Adv Commun & Data Sci Key Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Opt Access Networks Joint Int Res Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Adv Commun Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun State Key Lab Informat Photon & Opt Commun Beijing 100876 Peoples R China Thiagarajar Coll Engn Dept Elect & Commun Engn Madurai 625015 Tamil Nadu India KPR Inst Engn & Technol Ctr IoT & AI CITI Dept ECE Coimbatore 641042 Tamil Nadu India Zhengzhou Univ Sch Informat Engn Henan Key Lab Laser & Optoelect Informat Technol Zhengzhou 450052 Henan Peoples R China UNSW Sydney Sch Elect Engn Photon & Opt Commun Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

With the development of information society, more and more special occasions are calling for a wide range of sensors with special properties. In this work, a refractive index insensitive directional bend sensor is proposed based on a specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core, which works as a dual core fiber (DCF). Firstly, this specialty microstructure optical fiber with dumbbell shape core has been fabricated with selfpressurised drawing technique. Then, it has been constructed as a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) sensor. Consequently, its bend sensing characteristics has been investigated from both theory and experiment. The response of the proposed sensor to the bending evidently displays the directional dependence. In the bending along x direction, the interference peak wavelength is almost insensitive to the curvature. But the transmission is sensitive, which almost obeys the exponential function. Correspondingly, in the bending along y direction the wavelength almost linearly varies with curvature, giving out an averaged sensitivity of 2.44 nm/m(-1) in the curvature range of 0-3.79 m(-1). But the peak transmission fluctuates without typical principle. In addition, the response of the proposed sensor to the refractive index variation has been checked. It is found that the peak wavelength is almost insensitive to the change of refractive index from 1.33 to 1.45, and the peak transmission fluctuates without clear principle. All these results demonstrate that the proposed sensor has great potential for future internet of things (IoT) applications.

关键词： Dual core photonic crystal fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) Directional bend sensor Refractive index insensitive Dumbbell shape core

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Analysis and design of pervasive computing intelligent surveillance system integrating optical sensors and behavioral analysis for industrial internet 2

Analysis and design of pervasive computing intelligent surve...

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2nd International conference on Big Data, Computational Intelligence, and applications, BDCIA 2024

作者： Yao, Di Luo, Chenyao Cheng, Weiwei Song, Huaju Beijing100083 China Portland Institute Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210094 China School of Environmental Science NanJing XiaoZhuang University Nanjing210017 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510689053

Nowadays, the surveillance system performing as an indispensable part for modern industrial Internet has attracted much attention. With the continuous progress of microprocessor technology, sensor technology, particularly optical sensors, and network technology, it has entered the era of pervasive computing, which leads to the breakthrough of the surveillance system and the emergence of intelligent environment safety monitoring systems. However, the intelligence of surveillance systems is still a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a surveillance system for detecting and recognizing people based on their behaviors from images or video sequences using computer vision techniques and optical sensor data, which is implemented by designing the system architecture through a hierarchical structure, applying key techniques such as background subtraction, modeling, and optical sensing analysis, and experimentally processing and testing a variety of behavioral samples. The alarm information generated by the proposed surveillance system aided by pervasive computing system can be delivered to remote terminals. Experimental results reveal that the environmental monitoring and alarm information can be processed in real time with devices, such as cell phones, telephones, and PCs. Therefore, the proposed approach can improve the performance of the surveillance systems. © 2025 SPIE.

关键词： Alarm systems

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Quality and Trust Indicators of Digital Road Infrastructure Data Are Essential to Improve Its Usability: An Intelligent Speed Assist (ISA) Study 11

Quality and Trust Indicators of Digital Road Infrastructure ...

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11th International conference on Vehicle Technology and Intelligent Transport systems, VEHITS 2025

作者： van de Sluis, Jacco Altgassen, Daniel Schackmann, Peter-Paul Networks Department TNO - ICT The Hague Netherlands Integrated Vehicle Safety Department TNO - Mobility & Build Environment Helmond Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587450

The promise of a Digital Road Infrastructure (DRI) is to improve both road and vehicle safety. ADAS/ADS with DRI support, can help vehicles in overcoming certain sensor limitations, handle more complex operational situations and offer additional situational awareness. An effective DRI must be trusted and must offer the required data quality, both are currently lacking. Intelligent Speed Assist (ISA) is an interesting show case for the added value of DRI. In our approach camera-based traffic sign detections and map-based speed limit information, both occasionally wrong, are augmented with actual speed limit and road layout information coming from DRI. A Misbehaviour Detection and Reporting (MBD&R) concept tailored to the ISA sources is deployed in the vehicle to detect and report ISA related misbehaviour. Trust and quality indicators are calculated for data coming from camera, map and DRI, which are used to verify and compare theses sources and make improved ISA speed limit decisions. The vehicle implementation is tested under real-life traffic conditions. Our work is a first step in realizing a trusted DRI. The long-term goal is collaboration among all stakeholders to implement mechanisms that improve trust and the quality of shared data sources for use in traffic safety applications. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： advanced driver assistance systems

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Fully integrated multi-mode optoelectronic memristor array for diversified in-sensor computing

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NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY 2025年第1期20卷 1-11页

作者： Huang, Heyi Liang, xiangpeng Wang, Yuyan Tang, Jianshi Li, Yuankun Du, Yiwei Sun, Wen Zhang, Jianing Yao, Peng Mou, xing xu, Feng Zhang, Jinzhi Lu, Yuyao Liu, Zhengwu Wang, Jianlin Jiang, Zhixing Hu, Ruofei Wang, Ze Zhang, Qingtian Gao, Bin Bai, xuedong Fang, Lu Dai, Qionghai Yin, Huaxiang Qian, He Wu, Huaqiang Tsinghua Univ Beijing Innovat Ctr Integrated Circuits Sch Integrated Circuits Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Beijing Natl Res Ctr Informat Sci & Technol Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Integrated Circuit Adv Proc R&D Ctr Inst Microelect State Key Lab Fabricat Technol Integrated Circuits Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Microelect Key Lab Fabricat Technol Integrated Circuits Beijing Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Dept Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Phys Beijing Natl Lab Condensed Matter Phys Beijing Peoples R China

In-sensor computing, which integrates sensing, memory and processing functions, has shown substantial potential in artificial vision systems. However, large-scale monolithic integration of in-sensor computing based on emerging devices with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits remains challenging, lacking functional demonstrations at the hardware level. Here we report a fully integrated 1-kb array with 128 x 8 one-transistor one-optoelectronic memristor (OEM) cells and silicon CMOS circuits, which features configurable multi-mode functionality encompassing three different modes of electronic memristor, dynamic OEM and non-volatile OEM (NV-OEM). These modes are configured by modulating the charge density within the oxygen vacancies via synergistic optical and electrical operations, as confirmed by differential phase-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy. Using this OEM system, three visual processing tasks are demonstrated: image sensory pre-processing with a recognition accuracy enhanced from 85.7% to 96.1% by the NV-OEM mode, more advanced object tracking with 96.1% accuracy using both dynamic OEM and NV-OEM modes and human motion recognition with a fully OEM-based in-sensor reservoir computing system achieving 91.2% accuracy. A system-level benchmark further shows that it consumes over 20 times less energy than graphics processing units. By monolithically integrating the multi-functional OEMs with Si CMOS, this work provides a cost-effective platform for diverse in-sensor computing applications. This study reports a fully integrated 128 x 8 optoelectronic memristor array with Si complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor circuits, featuring configurable multi-mode functionality. It demonstrates diversified in-sensor computing tasks and consumes 20 times less energy than GPUs.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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