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An Iterative Intelligent Attack With Integrated Strategy for Resource-Constrained Internet of Vehicles

IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL 2025年第9期12卷 12453-12467页

作者： Cui, Yingjie Zhou, Hange Zhang, Yongqi xue, Feng Zheng, Jiabin Lu, Zhenyu Chen, Yong Li, Chuanhai Jiang, Zhonglin Ma, Hui Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Nanjing 210000 Jiangsu Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Guangzhou Guangzhou 511453 Guangdong Peoples R China Ningbo Geely Automobile Res & Dev Co Ltd Ningbo 315311 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut Hangzhou 310058 Zhejiang Peoples R China Tsinghua Univ Sch Vehicle & Mobil Beijing 100000 Peoples R China Ocean Univ China Sch Informat Sci & Engn Qingdao 266003 Shandong Peoples R China

The integration of vehicle-to-everything (V2x) and Internet of Vehicles (IoV) technologies is reshaping vehicular communication, necessitating robust protocols capable of supporting low-power and lossy networks (LLNs). The routing protocol for low-power and lossy networks (RPLs) plays a vital role in enhancing data exchange efficiency and reliability within dynamic vehicular environments. However, RPL faces significant security challenges when adapted to vehicular networks, which differ markedly from the less hostile environments originally envisioned for RPL. In this article, we analyze the security vulnerabilities of RPL in the complex interactive environment of vehicular networks. Specifically, we introduce a novel deep learning-based dynamic attack algorithm to expose the limitations of existing defense mechanisms and highlight RPL's security vulnerabilities in IoV applications. The experimental results reveal that the proposed attack outperforms traditional attacks in multiple metrics, increasing packet loss by 43%, end-to-end delay by 300%, and reducing link quality throughput by 60% and vehicle node battery life by 50%. Even with in place defense mechanisms, our attack demonstrates greater effectiveness 70% over traditional methods, including version number attacks, wormhole attacks, and DIS flooding attacks. These findings underscore the insufficiency of current security measures and confirm the urgent need for advanced protective strategies to safeguard RPL deployments, particularly in complex IoV communication scenarios.

关键词： Security Routing Vehicle-to-everything Vehicle dynamics Routing protocols Linear programming Real-time systems Network topology Maintenance engineering Wireless sensor networks Communication security hybrid defense intelligent attack Internet of Vehicles (IoV) routing protocol for low-power and lossy network (RPL) vehicle-to-everything (V2x) network

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Scalable and Effective Page-Table and TLB Management on NUMA systems

Scalable and Effective Page-Table and TLB Management on NUMA...

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USENIx Annual Technical conference

作者： Gao, Bin Kang, Qingxuan Tee, Hao-Wei Chu, Kyle Timothy Ng Sanaee, Alireza Jevdjic, Djordje Natl Univ Singapore Singapore Singapore Horizon Quantum Comp Singapore Singapore Queen Mary Univ London London England

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133410

Memory management operations that modify page-tables, typically performed during memory allocation/deallocation, are infamous for their poor performance in highly threaded applications, largely due to process-wide TLB shootdowns that the OS must issue due to the lack of hardware support for TLB coherence. We study these operations in NUMA settings, where we observe up to 40x overhead for basic operations such as munmap or mprotect. The overhead further increases if page table replication is used, where complete coherent copies of the page-tables are maintained across all NUMA nodes. While eager system-wide replication is extremely effective at localizing page-table reads during address translation, we find that it creates additional penalties upon any page-table changes due to the need to maintain all replicas coherent. In this paper, we propose a novel page-table management mechanism, called Hydra, to enable transparent, on-demand, and partial page-table replication across NUMA nodes in order to perform address translation locally, while avoiding the overheads and scalability issues of system-wide full page-table replication. We then show that Hydra's precise knowledge of page-table sharers can be leveraged to significantly reduce the number of TLB shootdowns issued upon any memory-management operation. As a result, Hydra not only avoids replication-related slowdowns, but also provides significant speedup over the baseline on memory allocation/deallocation and access control operations. We implement Hydra in Linux on x86_64, evaluate it on 4- and 8-socket systems, and show that Hydra achieves the full benefits of eager page-table replication on a wide range of applications, while also achieving a 12% and 36% runtime improvement on Webserver and Memcached respectively due to a significant reduction in TLB shootdowns.

关键词： Access control

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Thermal Sensation with Microheater for Virtual Reality applications: Preliminary Results 6

Thermal Sensation with Microheater for Virtual Reality Appli...

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6th International conference on Networking and advanced systems, ICNAS 2023

作者： Bakha, Yamna Merah, Sidi Mohammed Benbelkacem, Samir Zenati-Henda, Nadia Masmoudi, Mostefa P-MEMS DMN CDTA Research Center Algiers Algeria IRVA Team DPR CDTA Research Center Algiers Algeria

ISBN: (纸本)9798350319170

In this work, we followed an energy-saving approach to design a micro-heater device for virtual reality (VR) applications, using a simple, low-cost step-lithography technique. First, spiral shapes of the Al-0.5Cu-based micro-heaters are designed and fabricated with a surface area of 5 mm x 5 mm. We, then, tested and evaluated the Joule heating characteristics of the proposed micro-heater using the proposed spiral design patterns. The fabricated micro-heaters are, then, used to realize a hand-worn VR device with thermal feedback. We present, in this paper, preliminary results of a wearable device with one micro-heater mounted on the user's index fingertip. The performance of the proposed system is verified under a VR application including touching three glasses with different water temperatures. The results denote that the geometry of the micro-heater enabled the sensation of temperature to be reached with low energy consumption. The proposed micro-structure provides researchers with the possibility to design more compact and lightweight devices for thermal sensation generation in VR applications. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Virtual reality

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The Green Revolution from Space: A Survey of Satellite-Based Agricultural Monitoring systems 17

The Green Revolution from Space: A Survey of Satellite-Based...

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17th IEEE International conference on advanced Networks and Telecommunications systems, ANTS 2023

作者： Ghosh, Debjani Swarnkar, Jatin Gupta, Gunesh Rawat, Priyanka Bennett University School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Greater Noida India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307672

The utilization of satellite technology has brought forth a new era of possibilities in the field of agriculture, facilitating data-driven decisions that cater to the global need for improved agricultural productivity. This research paper extensively examines the crucial role played by satellite imagery in revolutionizing agricultural practices. We delve into the technical foundations of satellite sensors, which include optical, thermal infrared, radar, hyperspectral, and lidar sensors, establishing a comprehensive understanding of the diverse data sources. Moving into the realm of satellite image processing, we provide explanations of radiometric calibration, geometric correction, atmospheric correction, noise reduction, and image enhancement techniques, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the data. Additionally, we shed light on the multifaceted applications of satellite imagery in agriculture, encompassing crop health monitoring, precision agriculture, crop growth monitoring, irrigation management, soil mapping, and pest management. While acknowledging the challenges and limitations, we address the technical complexities, economic considerations, social implications, and environmental impacts crucial for developing sustainable satellite-based agricultural solutions. Finally, we explore the promising trends and research directions, ranging from advanced sensor technologies to climate-resilient strategies, with the aim of advancing efficient and sustainable agricultural systems. This paper offers a comprehensive understanding of the mutually beneficial relationship between satellite technology and agriculture, contributing to the creation of resilient and sustainable agricultural systems for the future. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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applications of Simulation Modeling and Computer Visualizations for Studying Structured Crystals for Implementation in Technical Devices 20th

Applications of Simulation Modeling and Computer Visualizati...

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20th EAI International conference on Computer Science and Education in Computer Science, CSECS 2024

作者： Ivanova, Yoana New Bulgarian University 21 Montevideo Street Sofia1618 Bulgaria

ISBN: (纸本)9783031843112

This paper aims to present an experimental study of structured crystals, which has been realized by the integrated use of software products for assessment and analysis of crystal lattices, as well as the building of their three-dimensional color profiles based on the author’s microscopic images with a view to subsequently importing them into agent-based simulation environment models for visualization of crystal growth. The generated results can contribute to extending previous author’s research, united in a methodology for the optimization of structured crystals for telecommunication and scientific-technological applications, in which the object of the microscopic and simulation studies are the quartz crystals and the possibilities of their implementation in technical devices such as quartz filters and resonators. In the present research the focus is placed on simulation methods for the study of ruby crystals after their preliminary optimization. This approach is justified by their possible applications in laser systems, temperature sensor components of modern 3D printers, and medical devices, which aim to increase the efficiency of industrial processes. © ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering 2025.

关键词： Ruby

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Edge Intelligence-Based E-Health Wireless sensor Network systems 23

Edge Intelligence-Based E-Health Wireless Sensor Network Sys...

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23rd IEEE/ACIS International conference on Computer and Information Science, ICIS 2023

作者： Hu, Bintao Isaac, Matilda Abdul Majeed, Anwar P.P. Liu, Hengyan School of Internet of Things Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China School of Robotics Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China School of Ai and Advanced Computing Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University Suzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345841

In order to support delay-sensitive applications of healthcare internet of things (HIoT) network systems, it is necessary to allow e-health wearable devices to process their computational applications at an artificial intelligence (AI) based mobile edge computing (MEC) server. Existing works mainly focused on optimising the offloading decisions of all users while minimising their corresponding energy consumption and/or transmission/processing delays. However, the huge data volumes offloading and/or privacy-preserving data processing have been largely ignored. In this paper, we consider an edge intelligence-based e-health wireless sensor network system, where the queues at the MEC server follow M/M/1 queueing model. To minimise energy consumption among all e-health wearable devices, we propose to jointly optimise the FL model task offloading decisions of all e-health wearable devices while guaranteeing delay constraints (which include the transmission delay, queueing delay and processing delay) and global/local FL training accuracy. This is achieved by devising an FL-based edge intelligence queueing offloading decision optimisation algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm achieves a much lower maximum service delay than the benchmarks. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Energy utilization

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A Compact Microwave Rectifier for Wireless Power Transfer and Energy Harvesting applications 18

A Compact Microwave Rectifier for Wireless Power Transfer an...

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18th European conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP)

作者： Moloudain, Gholamhosein Kumar, Sanjeev O'Flynn, Brendan Buckley, John L. Univ Coll Cork Tyndall Natl Inst Cork T12R5CP Ireland

ISBN: (纸本)9788831299091;9798350394436

This paper presents a microwave rectifier with compact size and high efficiency for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting and low-power internet of things (IoT) applications. The proposed rectifier consists of a matching network, a doubler rectifier, a lowpass (LPF) structure and a low-power electronic circuit. An LPF structure is employed to pass a direct current (DC) rectified signal and to control harmonics which increases the output voltage (VOUT-DC) as well as power conversion efficiency (PCE). The proposed rectifier is designed to operate at f = 1.8 GHz which shows a maximum PCE of 62% for an RF input power (P-IN) level of 8 dBm and optimum load (R-L) of 820 Omega. A DC-DC boost converter and an energy storage capacitor (C-OUT = 370 mu F) are employed to deliver sufficient DC voltage to power a low-power electronic circuit. The proposed rectifier is demonstrated to be capable of powering a low-power circuit at varying P-IN levels. The developed rectifier can be used in RF energy harvesting and wireless power transmission systems to power sensor nodes and IoT devices.

关键词： Energy Harvesting Lowpass (LPF) harmonic structures Radio Frequency (RF) Rectifier

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Hydrogen sensor based on PPBG coated with porous Pt/WO3 13

Hydrogen sensor based on PPBG coated with porous Pt/WO3

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advanced sensor systems and applications xIII 2023

作者： Wang, Jingjing Hu, Wenbin Yang, Minghong Kefer, Stefan Hellmann, Ralf National Engineering Research Center of Fiber Optic Sensing Technology and Networks Wuhan University of Technology Hubei province Wuhan430070 China Applied Laser and Photonics Group Aschaffenburg University of Applied Sciences Wuerzburger Srasse 45 Aschaffenburg63743 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781510667914

Hydrogen energy is widely used as one of the cleanest energy sources. However, due to its explosive nature, monitoring the early stages of hydrogen leakage has become a current research focus. This study presents a novel hydrogen sensor suitable for low concentration hydrogen sensing, which combines a planar polymer Bragg grating (PPBG) with a porous Pt/WO3 hydrogen sensitive material modified by MIL-100 (Fe) as a template. PPBG are based on planar cyclo-olefin copolymer substrates with integrated waveguides and Bragg gratings. Due to the polymer's inherently increased coefficient of thermal expansion, the concept provides superior thermal sensitivity. Porous Pt/WO3 has a larger specific surface area and better response characteristics than the original Pt/WO3. By utilizing the thermal effect of the reaction between tungsten trioxide and hydrogen gas, the wavelength shift of PPBG is caused by temperature transformation. A series of experimental results tested at different hydrogen concentrations indicates the sensitivity of the sensor is 575 pm/%. The combination of materials and devices with superior performance enhances the sensitivity of the sensor to hydrogen at low concentrations compared with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) hydrogen sensors. The hydrogen sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity at low concentrations and compact structure, which will have great potential in industrial applications. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Tungsten compounds

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A histogram compensation process for SPAD-based d-ToF LiDAR systems for high photon flux measurements 8

A histogram compensation process for SPAD-based d-ToF LiDAR ...

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conference on Optics, Photonics, and Digital Technologies for Imaging applications VIII

作者： Tontini, Alessandro Mazzucchi, Sonia Passerone, Roberto Broseghini, Nicolo Gasparini, Leonardo Fdn Bruno Kessler Trento Italy Univ Trento Dept Math Trento Italy INFN TIFPA Povo Italy Univ Trento Dept Informat Engn & Comp Sci Trento Italy Univ Trento Dept Phys Trento Italy Trento Inst Fundamental Phys & Applicat Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781510673151;9781510673144

In this work, we present a histogram post-processing method for Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD)-based direct Time of Flight (d-ToF) depth measurement systems that compensates for the nonlinear behavior of the SPAD. The proposed compensation method approximates a linear behavior of the SPAD detector over time, resulting in a linearized histogram of timestamps even under strong background illumination conditions. The process can compensate for the distortion problem known as pile-up, which causes the corruption of the histogram of timestamps due to the variability of the intensity of the background and reflected laser light. The proposed approach has been first demonstrated with simulations, based on a physical model for the computation of the optical power budget and a numerical engine for the generation of the simulated train of timestamps. In particular, we consider a set of realistic parameters for typical SPAD-based d-ToF sensors, allowing us to validate the compensation method over a wider range of values. Finally, the method is validated with data from a real d-ToF sensor to demonstrate the effectiveness in mitigating the pile-up distortion phenomenon in the computation of the ToF.

关键词： Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) direct Time of flight (d-ToF)

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Scientific Evaluation of Ultrasonic sensors for Use in applications of Water and Hydraulic Monitoring

Scientific Evaluation of Ultrasonic Sensors for Use in Appli...

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conference on sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace systems

作者： Zhang, Yuming Flanigan, Katherine A. Ren, Tianyu Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Civil & Environm Engn Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Dept Mech Engn Pittsburgh PA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781510660793;9781510660809

As easy-to-deploy, off-the-shelf sensors decrease in cost and increase in accessibility through their integration with well-documented, entry-level electronics platforms, low-quality sensors are increasingly being inappropriately used to characterize physical and natural processes under varying environmental and operational conditions. This is notably occurring across water and hydraulic system applications, which necessitates measuring water levels using ultrasonic sensors. To lay a roadmap for future water and hydraulic system monitoring research and implementation, there is a need to develop a well-informed mapping between sensors and application areas for which the use of the sensors is deemed appropriate. In this work, we identify commonly used ultrasonic sensors, develop systematic experimental setups to simulate their use in common application areas, and evaluate their accuracy under varying conditions and parameters. From the results of these experiments, we present a suggested mapping between sensors and application areas/conditions for which the use of the sensors is appropriate, in addition to limitations placed on each sensor-application pairing are identified.

关键词： Water and hydraulic systems monitoring ultrasonic sensing experimental testing

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