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VLSI architectures for lattice structure based orthonormal discrete wavelet transforms

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-ANALOG AND DIGITAL signal processing 1997年第2期44卷 129-132页

作者： Denk, TC Parhi, KK Department of Electrical Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA

This brief presents efficient single-rate architectures for the one-dimensional orthonormal discrete wavelet transform (DWT). This brief makes two contributions, First, we show that architectures that are based on the quadrature mirror filter (QMF) lattice structure require approximately half the number of multipliers and adders than corresponding direct-form structures. Second, we present techniques for mapping the 1-D orthonormal DWT to folded and digit-serial architectures which are based on the QMF lattice structure. For folded architectures, we discuss two techniques for mapping the QMF lattice structure to hardware. For digit-serial architectures, we show that any two-channel subband system can be implemented using digit-serial processing techniques by utilizing the polyphase decomposition Using this result, we describe an orthonormal DWT architecture which uses the QMF lattice structure and digit-serial processing techniques, The proposed folded and digit-serial QMF lattice structures are attractive choices for implementations of the orthonormal DWT which require low area and low power dissipation.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms Very large scale integration Lattices Computer architecture Filter bank Finite impulse response filter signal processing algorithms Mirrors Hardware Power dissipation

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Time-frequency decomposition based on information

Time-frequency decomposition based on information

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations xVI

作者： Aviyente, Selin Michigan State Univ E Lansing MI 48824 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463922

In array processing applications, it is desirable to extract the sources that generate the observed signals. There are various source separation and component extraction algorithms in literature including principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). However, most of these methods are not designed to deal with time-varying signals and thus are formulated in the time domain. In this paper, we introduce a new time-frequency based decomposition method using an information measure as the decomposition criteria. It is shown that under the assumption of disjoint source signals on the time-frequency plane, this method can extract the sources up to a scalar factor. Based on the QR decomposition of the mixing matrix, the source extraction algorithm is reduced to finding the optimal N-dimensional rotation of the observed time-frequency distributions. The proposed algorithm is implemented using the steepest descent approach to find the optimal rotation angle. The performance of the method is illustrated for example signals and compared to some well-known decomposition techniques.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Independent component analysis Transform theory Principal component analysis Associative arrays Image information entropy Matrices signal processing Sensors Array processing

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Denoising using time-frequency and image processing methods

Denoising using time-frequency and image processing methods

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations Ix

作者： Nelson, D Cristóbal, G Kober, V Cakrak, F Loughlin, P Cohen, L US Dept Def Ft Meade MD 20755 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432938

We present a number of methods that use image and signed processing techniques for removal of noise from a signal. The basic idea is to first construct a time-frequency density of the noisy signal. The time-frequency density, which is a function of two variables, can then be treated as an "image", thereby enabling use of image processing methods to remove noise and enhance the image. Having obtained an enhanced time-frequency density, one then reconstructs the signal. Various time frequency-densities are used and also a number of image processing methods are investigated. Examples of human speech and whale sounds are given. In addition, new methods are presented for estimation of signal parameters from the time-frequency density.

关键词： Electronic filtering Interference (communication) Fourier transforms Time-frequency analysis Frequency modulation Fermium Transform theory signal processing Optical filters Filtering (signal processing)

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The marginals and time-frequency distributions

The marginals and time-frequency distributions

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xIII

作者： Cohen, L Loughlin, P CUNY New York NY 10021 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We address the question of the importance of satisfying the marginal conditions in a time-frequency distribution and discuss in detail the fundamental and practical issues involved. We also examine the marginals of the spectrogram. The spectrogram often gives reasonable results even though both marginals can never be satisfied exactly, but sometimes it can give very unreasonable results. We show by examples that the spectrogram gives the clearest characterization of the time-frequency properties of a signal when the combined error in both of its marginals is as small as possible. In contrast, when the error in either one of the marginals of the spectrogram is large, the time-frequency characterization degrades. Some different error measures are described. We discuss the issues involved both theoretically and by way of numerical simulations. We also address the issue of marginals for the random case.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Surface plasmons Fourier transforms signal processing Fermium Frequency modulation Numerical simulations Differential equations Physics Visualization

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Proceedings of SPIE: advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VIII

Proceedings of SPIE: Advanced signal processing algorithms, ...

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Advance signal processing algorithms, Atchitectures, and implementations VIII

The proceedings contains 58 papers from the conference of SPIE: advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations VIII. The topics discussed include: blind channel identification and extraction of more sources than sensors;blind channel estimation for CDMA systems with orthogonal modulation;blind equalization and source separation with MSK inputs and adaptive blind channel estimation by least-squares smoothing for CDMA.

关键词： signal processing

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IMPLEMENTATION OF ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMING algorithms ON PARALLEL processing DSP NETWORKS

IMPLEMENTATION OF ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMING ALGORITHMS ON PARALLE...

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CONF ON advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, AND implementations 3

作者： BANERJEE, S CHAU, PM Univ. of California/San Diego (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)081940943X

In this paper we address the problem of implementing a Least Squares problem, like that arising in the adaptive beamforming case, on a multiprocessor network comprising of general purpose DSP processors. Although optimal array processors have been proposed for this problem, an implementation on a generalized network is a flexible and more modular and reconfigurable solution, suited for a highly dynamic environment with changing applications and problem sizes. The parallelization issues have been explored and a scheme for an efficient implementation has been described.

关键词： Digital signal processing Data communications Array processing Telecommunications Matrices Chromium Data processing Parallel processing Phased arrays Sensors

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations II

Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Im...

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advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations II

The Volume contains 44 conference papers. The topic covered include Toeplitz matrices, time-frequency distribution and nonstationary signals, bit-level systolic arrays and computer arithmetic, radar signal processing,... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819406945

关键词： signal processing

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A BER analysis of a space-time signal processing scheme that combines transmitter diversity with beamforming

A BER analysis of a space-time signal processing scheme that...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xIII

作者： Kim, I Chun, J Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Comp Sci Lab Dept EECS Taejon 305701 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We introduce a new space-time signal processing scheme that uses both transmitter diversity technique and beamforming technique for code-division multiple access (CDMA) systems. The introduced scheme achieves the diversity gain over Rayleigh fading channel through the transmitter diversity technique, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain by the beamforming technique. Bit error rate (BER) analyses are given each of the three cases in which the transmitter diversity, beamforming and introduced combined scheme are used, in the frequency-flat Rayleigh fading channel. The analytic results are shown to coincide with the Monte-Carlo simulation results. We show that the combined scheme is more robust to the channel correlation and the speed of mobile than the diversity and beamforming scheme. Furthermore, the combined scheme gives a reduced multiple-access-interference because of its beamforming capability.

关键词： diversity beamforming space-time spreading CDMA

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A Jacobi method for signal subspace computation

A Jacobi method for signal subspace computation

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conference on advanced signal processing - algorithms, architectures, and implementations VII

作者： Paul, S Gotze, J Institute for NTCD TU Munich D-80290 Munich Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819425842

The Jacobi method for singular value decomposition is well-suited for parallel architectures. Its application to signal subspace computations is well known. Basically the subspace spanned by singular vectors of large singular values are separated from subspace spanned by those of small singular values. The Jacobi algorithm computes the singular values and the corresponding vectors in random order. This requires sorting the result after convergence of the algorithm to select the signal subspace. A modification of the Jacobi method based on a linear objective function merges the sorting into the SVD-algorithm at little extra cost. In fact, the complexity of the diagonal processor cells in a triangular array get slightly larger. In this paper we present these extensions, in particular the modified algorithm for computing the rotation angles and give an example of its usefulness for subspace separation.

关键词： subspace methods singular value decomposition Jacobi method parallel architecture optimization on manifolds Lie groups

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Applications of non-uniform multi-gabor expansions to time-frequency analysis

Applications of non-uniform multi-gabor expansions to time-f...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xIII

作者： Hoffman, M Li, SD San Francisco State Univ Dept Math San Francisco CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We present a non-uniform multi-Gabor expansion (MGE) algorithm in which multiple windows and their corresponding translations and modulations are used for signal analysis. Analysis windows of varying supports, each corresponding to a chosen. scale of detail, decompose a signal using different translation and modulation parameters for each scale. Structural analysis of dual synthesis waveforms is provided. We show that synthesis waveforms can still be formed from translations and modulations of a set of basic dual windows at each scale. The use of different translation and modulation parameters at each scale allows for a more refined and concise time-frequency representation of the signal, while retaining the versatility of uniform MGEs in representing signal dynamics at many different scales. Examples of implementation and practical application will be presented.

关键词： Modulation Magnesium Matrices Time-frequency analysis Thulium Mathematics signal analysis Structural analysis Astronomy Physics

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