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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures and Implementations XII"

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Optical infrared flame detection system with neural networks

Optical infrared flame detection system with neural networks

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XVII

作者： Huseynov, Javid J. Baliga, Shankar B. Univ Calif Irvine Sch Informat & Comp Sci Irvine CA 92697 USA Gen Monitors Inc Lake Forest CA 92630 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468451

A model for an infrared (M) flame detection system using artificial neural networks (ANN) is presented. The joint time-frequency analysis (JTFA) in the form of a Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) is used for extracting relevant input features for a set of ANNs. Each ANN is trained using the backpropagation conjugate-gradient (CG) method to distinguish all hydrocarbon flames from a particular type of environmental nuisance and background noise. signal saturation caused by the increased intensity of IR sources at closer distances is resolved by an adjustable gain control. A classification scheme with trained ANN connection weights was implemented on a digital signal processor for use in an industrial hydrocarbon flame detector.

关键词： artificial neural networks signal processing infrared detectors fire detection

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A sharpness metric implementation for image processing applications with feedback

A sharpness metric implementation for image processing appli...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and Implementantions XVIII

作者： Lam, Eric P. Thales Rayheon Syst Battlefield Radar Fullerton CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819472946

Some image processing applications require an image meet a quality metric before processing it. If an image is so degraded that it is difficult or impossible to reconstruct, the input image may be discarded. In this paper, we present a metric that measures the relative sharpness with respect to a reference image frame. The reference frame may be a previous input image or an output frame from the system. The sharpness metric is based on analyzing edges. The assumption of this problem is that input images are similar to each other in terms of observation angle and time.

关键词： image processing system closed-loop system sharpness metric edge frame

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Time-frequency decomposition based on information

Time-frequency decomposition based on information

引用

conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures, and implementations XVI

作者： Aviyente, Selin Michigan State Univ E Lansing MI 48824 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463922

In array processing applications, it is desirable to extract the sources that generate the observed signals. There are various source separation and component extraction algorithms in literature including principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA). However, most of these methods are not designed to deal with time-varying signals and thus are formulated in the time domain. In this paper, we introduce a new time-frequency based decomposition method using an information measure as the decomposition criteria. It is shown that under the assumption of disjoint source signals on the time-frequency plane, this method can extract the sources up to a scalar factor. Based on the QR decomposition of the mixing matrix, the source extraction algorithm is reduced to finding the optimal N-dimensional rotation of the observed time-frequency distributions. The proposed algorithm is implemented using the steepest descent approach to find the optimal rotation angle. The performance of the method is illustrated for example signals and compared to some well-known decomposition techniques.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Independent component analysis Transform theory Principal component analysis Associative arrays Image information entropy Matrices signal processing Sensors Array processing

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Construction of signal-dependent Cohen's-class time-frequency distributions using iterative blind deconvolution

Construction of signal-dependent Cohen's-class time-frequenc...

引用

conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Yagle, AE Torres-Fernández, JE Univ Michigan Dept EECS Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

The problem of kernel design for Cohen time-frequency distributions is formulated as a blind deconvolution problem. It is shown that the iterative blind deconvolution method (IBDM) used in image restoration problems can be successfully applied to solve the kernel design problem. We obtain the following results: (1) the rate of convergence depends on which domains the constraints are imposed (2) certain constraints are needed for algorithm convergence (3) the more constrained the kernel design is, the faster the rate of convergence (4) there are tradeoffs between constraints, e.g., compact support vs. satisfaction of marginals;(5) time-frequency distributions which are more amenable to visual interpretation can be obtained using this algorithm.

关键词： time-frequency distributions blind deconvolution

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The marginals and time-frequency distributions

The marginals and time-frequency distributions

引用

conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Cohen, L Loughlin, P CUNY New York NY 10021 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We address the question of the importance of satisfying the marginal conditions in a time-frequency distribution and discuss in detail the fundamental and practical issues involved. We also examine the marginals of the spectrogram. The spectrogram often gives reasonable results even though both marginals can never be satisfied exactly, but sometimes it can give very unreasonable results. We show by examples that the spectrogram gives the clearest characterization of the time-frequency properties of a signal when the combined error in both of its marginals is as small as possible. In contrast, when the error in either one of the marginals of the spectrogram is large, the time-frequency characterization degrades. Some different error measures are described. We discuss the issues involved both theoretically and by way of numerical simulations. We also address the issue of marginals for the random case.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Surface plasmons Fourier transforms signal processing Fermium Frequency modulation Numerical simulations Differential equations Physics Visualization

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Applications of non-uniform multi-gabor expansions to time-frequency analysis

Applications of non-uniform multi-gabor expansions to time-f...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Hoffman, M Li, SD San Francisco State Univ Dept Math San Francisco CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We present a non-uniform multi-Gabor expansion (MGE) algorithm in which multiple windows and their corresponding translations and modulations are used for signal analysis. Analysis windows of varying supports, each corresponding to a chosen. scale of detail, decompose a signal using different translation and modulation parameters for each scale. Structural analysis of dual synthesis waveforms is provided. We show that synthesis waveforms can still be formed from translations and modulations of a set of basic dual windows at each scale. The use of different translation and modulation parameters at each scale allows for a more refined and concise time-frequency representation of the signal, while retaining the versatility of uniform MGEs in representing signal dynamics at many different scales. Examples of implementation and practical application will be presented.

关键词： Modulation Magnesium Matrices Time-frequency analysis Thulium Mathematics signal analysis Structural analysis Astronomy Physics

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Tuning Time-Frequency methods for the detection of metered HF speech

Tuning Time-Frequency methods for the detection of metered H...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, architectures and implementations xii

作者： Nelson, DJ Smith, LH US Dept Def Ft George G Meade MD 20755 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819445584

Speech is metered if the stresses occur at a nearly regular rate. Metered speech is common in poetry, and it can occur naturally in speech, if the speaker is spelling a word or reciting words or numbers from a list. In radio communications, the CQ request, call sign and other codes are frequently metered. In tactical communications and air traffic control, location, heading and identification codes may be metered. Moreover metering may be expected to survive even in HF communications, which are corrupted by noise, interference and mistuning. For this environment, speech recognition and conventional machine-based methods are not effective. We describe Time-Frequency methods which have been adapted successfully to the problem of mitigation of HF signal conditions and detection of metered speech. These methods are based on modeled time and frequency correlation properties of nearly harmonic functions. We derive these properties and demonstrate a performance gain over conventional correlation and spectral methods. Finally, in addressing the problem of HF single sideband (SSB) communications, the problems of carrier mistuning, interfering signals, such as manual Morse, and fast automatic gain control (AGC) must be addressed. We demonstrate simple methods which may be used to blindly mitigate mistuning and narrowband interference, and effectively invert the fast automatic gain function.

关键词： signal to noise ratio signal processing signal detection Optical filters Time-frequency analysis Interference (communication) Automatic control Electronic filtering Receivers RF communications

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Interleaver design for high speed turbo decoders

Interleaver design for high speed turbo decoders

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Abbasfar, A Yao, K Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

Recently some efficient parallel architectures for turbo decoder have been proposed. In these architectures the bottleneck for the parallelization of the decoder is the interleaver. On the other hand, turbo codes achieve a very impressive near Shannon-capacity performance in which the interleaver plays a crucial role. Therefore, it is of great interest to design interleavers that are good from both performance and parallelization point of views. In this paper we have proposed an interleaver structure that is suitable for parallelization of turbo decoders. It is shown that such an interleaver can be designed to have good BER performance as well. By this structure not only fast decoders with very low latency can be built, but also the regularity of the decoder and the simplicity of the interleaver structure make them promising for VLSI implementation. We also present a fast algorithm to design such an interleaver, which can be used to design S-random interleavers as well. Such interleavers have been designed and the performances are compared to that of S-random interleavers by simulations.

关键词： Turbo Code interleaver design parallel processing high speed Turbo decoder

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Two-dimensional signal gating for low power in high-performance multipliers

Two-dimensional signal gating for low power in high-performa...

引用

conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Huang, ZJ Ercegovac, MD Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Comp Sci Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

We propose two-dimensional signal gating for high-performance multipliers including tree multipliers and array multipliers with an upper/lower left-to-right leapfrog (ULLRLF) structure. In ULLRLF array multipliers, the G-Y gating line follows the boundary of existing upper/lower partitioning. The G-X gating line goes through the upper and lower LRLF arrays. In tree multipliers, the G-Y gating line follows the existing partitioning of tree branches. The G-X line goes through all carry-save adders for partial product reduction. Because of the irregularity of the tree reduction structure, signal gating in tree multipliers is more complex than that in array multipliers. Experimental results indicate that two-dimensional gating is quite efficient in high-performance multipliers, with 65% power reduction under test data with large dynamic range.

关键词： signal gating low-power design high-performance multiplier

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A flexible arithmetic and logic unit for multimedia processing

A flexible arithmetic and logic unit for multimedia processi...

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conference on advanced signal processing algorithms architectures and implementations xiiI

作者： Senthilvelan, M Schulte, MJ Univ Wisconsin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819450782

Novel arithmetic units are needed to achieve the cost, performance, power, and functionality requirements of emerging multimedia systems. This paper presents the design and implementation of a 64-bit arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) for multimedia processing. The 64-bit ALU supports subword-parallel processing by allowing one 64-bit, two 32-bit, four 16-bit, or eight 8-bit operations to be performed in parallel. In addition to conventional ALU operations, the ALU also supports several operations for enhanced multimedia processing including parallel compare, parallel average, parallel minimum, parallel maximum, and parallel shift and add. To efficiently implement a variety of multimedia applications, the ALU supports saturating and wrap-around arithmetic operations on unsigned and two's complement operands. This paper compares the area and delay of the 64-bit multimedia ALU to those of a more conventional 64-bit ALU.

关键词： ALU adder saturating multimedia computer arithmetic DSP

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