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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms"

共 3499 条记录，以下是3141-3150 订阅

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Space-time beamforming for randomly distributed sensors

Space-time beamforming for randomly distributed sensors

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SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Yao, K Hudson, RE Reed, CW Chen, D Tung, TL Lorenzelli, F Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90095 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

We briefly review the signal processing architecture of a wireless MEM sensor system for source detection, signal enhancement, localization, and identification. A blind beamformer using only the measured data of randomly distributed sensors to form a sample correlation matrix is proposed. The maximum power collection criterion is used to obtain array weights from the dominant eigenvector of the sample correlation matrix. An effective blind beamforming estimation of the time delays of the dominant source is demonstrated. Source localization based on a novel least-squares method for time delay estimation is also given. Array system performance based on analysis, simulation, and measured acoustical/seismic sensor data is presented. Applications of such a system to multimedia, intrusion detection, and surveillance are briefly discussed.

关键词： random array array processing beamforming space-time filtering MEM sensor sensor network

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Invertible time-frequency representations

Invertible time-frequency representations

引用

SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Nelson, DJ Kenny, OP US Dept Def Ft George G Meade MD 20755 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

In this paper, we present a new class of representations of signals in the time-frequency (TF) plane. These representations are complex valued, linear, and satisfy reconstruction conditions in which the signal and its complex spectrum may be uniquely reconstructed from their TF representation. These surfaces are generalizations of one-dimensional linear transforms with which they share many properties.. The primary advantage of these representations is that the phase of the surface may be used to recover signal information which is not contained in real TF surfaces. Linearity guarantees that cross-terms normally associated with TF distributions do not exist in these representations. Several examples of invertible surfaces are presented, and it is demonstrated that these surfaces agree with normal intuition. Finally, a method, based on the phase gradient, is proposed as a method of modifying Fourier surfaces to produce representations which are more focused or more concentrated in time and frequency.

关键词： Time-Frequency signal reconstruction Fourier transform spectral phase instantaneous frequency group delay phase gradient

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Some significant communications processing realized with adaptive Bragg gratings

Some significant communications processing realized with ada...

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SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Upton, E Wickham, M Smith, M Hart, J Flynn, R Havstad, S Nachman, P TRW Co Inc Redondo Beach CA 90278 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

Higher data capacity demands and lower interference requirements in the wireless communications arena are exploiting higher carrier frequencies and wider modulation bandwidths. Circuitry which can perform intermediate frequency processing over these more demanding ranges is needed to provide complex signal processing without commercial penalties. Photonics technologies utilizing Bragg Grating signal processing (BGSP) can bridge the gap between the very high frequency RF millimeter wave integrated circuit (MIMIC) domains at the antenna interface and the CMOS digital signal processors at the base band frequency interface. The desirable benefits of multiple tap adaptive finite impulse response (FIR) and infinite impulse response (IIR) filters and equalizers are well known;however, they are usually the province of digital signal processing and force the sample rates prior to these processors to a higher overall system power consumption level. BGSP provides these functions with discrete taps and digital controls but at the bandwidths usually reserved for RF circuitry because the actual processing occurs at optical frequencies and at wave lengths which are compatible with integrated circuit technologies. The high performance benefits of photonic processing can be realized if the stability control of the Bragg grating is derived from the same metric which induces in photonics its sensitivity to drift. We will present a orthogonally coded tap modulation technique which stabilizes the transfer function of the signal processor and enables significant adaptive IF signal processing to be obtained with very low size, weight, and power. Our demonstration of a photonic proof-of-concept architecture is a reconfigurable multiple tap FIR filter that is dynamically controlled to perform low pass, high pass, band pass, and band stop filters operating over bandwidths of 3 GHz.

关键词： signal processing Fiber Bragg gratings Filtering (signal processing) Control systems Linear filtering Digital signal processing Optical filters Servomechanisms Modulators Electronic filtering

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Approximation by structured lower rank matrices

Approximation by structured lower rank matrices

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SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Chu, MT Funderlic, RE Plemmons, RJ N Carolina State Univ Dept Math Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

We consider two general procedures for constructing the nearest approximation of a given matrix by one with any lower rank and any linear structure. Nearness can be measured in any matrix norm. Structured low rank matrices arise in various applications, including image enhancement and model reduction. In practice, the empirical data collected in the matrix often either do not maintain the specified structure or do not induce the desirable rank. It is an important task to search for the nearest structured lower rank approximation of a given matrix. The techniques developed in this paper can easily be implemented for numerical computation. In particular, it is shown that the computations can be approached using efficient optimization packages. The special case of Toeplitz structure using the Frobenius matrix norm is discussed in detail to illustrate the ideas, and numerical tests are reported. The procedures developed herein can be generalized to consider a much broader range of approximation problems.

关键词： Matrices signal processing MATLAB Optimization (mathematics) Image enhancement Computer programming Computer science Fourier transforms Image processing Mathematics

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Assessment of aimpoint selection performance utilizing feature selection algorithms and the signal processing environment for analysis and reduction (SPEAR)

Assessment of aimpoint selection performance utilizing featu...

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conference on signal and Data processing of Small Targets

作者： Bjork, C Blake, T Stark, B Nichols Res Corp Huntsville AL 35815 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428221

This paper presents the methodology and assessment of the passive and active sensor feature selection algorithms of interest to the Discriminating Interceptor Technology Program (DITP), as applied to aimpoint selection. The analysis identifies the performance achieved by utilizing individual sensor features and multi-sensor feature fusion. Traditional methods of determining the proper aimpoint have depended upon identifying target characteristics such as the geometric centroid, radiometric centroid, leading edge, and the trailing edge. Once these target points have been defined, the final aimpoint is selected by adding a bias to the target characteristic. However, these and similar algorithms have shown sensitivity to a priori knowledge of the threat, such as aspect angle, target length, thermal and dynamic characteristics. This paper will assess the utility of multi-sensor disparate sensor data to decrease performance sensitivity to a priori knowledge of the threat. These algorithms are among the feature selection algorithms in use in the DITP program for passive and active fused sensor discrimination. The analysis utilizes simulated infrared and ladar sensor data of a conical body that is initially at sufficient range to be realized as a slightly extended source on the focal plane, and then advanced through the later phase of the engagement to the point where the target is relatively close and highly resolved. The measures of performance consist of evaluating the deviations of the estimated aimpoint versus range to target, orientation angle, and aspect angle, for the feature selection algorithms considered.

关键词： sensor fusion feature extraction aimpoint selection discrimination intelligent processing infrared laser radar signal processing

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High bandwidth flexible algorithm tracker for ABL

High bandwidth flexible algorithm tracker for ABL

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conference on Airborne Laser advanced Technology

作者： Michnovicz, MR SVS R&D Syst Inc Albuquerque NM 87109 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819428302

A high speed tracker is being developed for the Airborne Laser (ABL) program. This paper outlines the parallel processing concept that is being considered for design on the program. A sensor array to be built specially for the ABL program will implement parallel channels to read out the sensor data. This 16-wide parallel data path will be followed through the processing, including pixel processing and application of the tracking algorithm. To implement the tracking algorithm in a fewer number of processors, subregions of the sensor data are tagged during pixel processing as being of interest (e.g. within the track gate) and only those regions are assigned to processors for further processing. The paper includes discussion on methods for grouping these subregions. Approaches for implementing two candidate tracking algorithms using these methods, and a discussion of the plan for implementing this concept.

关键词： Image processing Detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Airborne laser technology Beam controllers Digital signal processing Parallel processing Chemical elements Data processing Image segmentation

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Dedicated advanced software facility for processing data from earth observing satellites

Dedicated advanced software facility for processing data fro...

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SPIE conference on Earth Observing Systems III

作者： Lampropoulos, GA Boulter, JF AUG Signals Ltd Toronto ON M4V 1K7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819428949

In this paper, a general philosophy about feature windows based applications and a windows-based application are presented for analysis, algorithm development, testing and validation studies for signal, Image and Data processing (SIDP) for Space-Based Surveillance (SBS) Applications. This dedicated facility is called AUG_SIDP. It performs several specialized tasks such as blur estimation, restoration, CFAR detection, clutter modeling, registration, pixel and data level fusion, target tracking and classification. It is still in the development and testing phase.

关键词： Image processing Algorithm development Detection and tracking algorithms Sensors Expectation maximization algorithms Image processing algorithms and systems Standards development Image segmentation Optical filters Target detection

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Optoelectronic system for space variant signal and image processing 2

Optoelectronic system for space variant signal and image pro...

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conference on algorithms, Devices, and Systems for Optical Information processing

作者： Shames, PE Laut, S Ambs, P Fainman, Y Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081942921X

We present a study on a high-speed optoelectronic system for implementing space variant transforms (SVT) in image and signal processing using a Hough Transform (HT) as an example. The HT has been found to be highly useful in applications requiring detection of lines, ellipses and hyperbolic shapes, such as radar detection and data fusion, topographical map analysis, etc. However, the implementation of a SVT such as HT, is computation and memory intensive, e.g. HT of an image of dimension N x N requires greater than N-3 operations. All-electronic systems remain inadequate when real time SVT processing of large data sets is required. In this paper we show that an optoelectronic (OE) system employing parallel processing can perform such SVT requiring on the order of only N steps. We show that our proposed OE system can HT an input image of dimension N = 1024 in 2.1 ms.

关键词： space-variant transforms Hough transforms optoelectronic system computer-generated hologram Image and signal processing

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VHDL token-based performance modeling for 2D and 3D infrared search and track processing

VHDL token-based performance modeling for 2D and 3D infrared...

引用

SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Pauer, EK Pettigrew, MN Myers, CS Madisetti, VK Signal Proc Ctr Nashua NH 03061 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

This study develops and evaluates a new VHDL-based performance modeling capability for multiprocessor systems.* The framework for this methodology involved modeling the following system aspects: processor characterization, task modeling, network characterization, and data set size. Initially, all aspects are specified at an abstract) level, and eventually become specified at a detailed level through the process of verification and refinement of design assumptions. Processor characterization involves modeling the processor's speed, instruction set, and memory hierarchy. Task modeling is concerned with the execution time and instruction mix of software tasks within the system. Network characterization models bus protocols, topology, and bandwidths. Data set size refers to how much data is represented by the tokens used in the models. In this study, we applied and evaluated this methodology using both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) infrared search and track (IRST) algorithms. Two different candidate processors were investigated: IBM PowerPC 604 and Texas Instruments TMS320C80. For the 2D IRST algorithm, the abstract and detailed performance modeling results were obtained far both processors using partitioned data and pipelined algorithmic approaches. For the 3D IRST algorithm, abstract performance models for pipelined and parallelized implementations on the PowerPC were developed. These models examined the feasibility of the implementations, the potential risk areas, and laid the groundwork for detailed performance modeling.

关键词： performance modeling VHDL IRST architectures simulation

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Element accessed array radar processing

Element accessed array radar processing

引用

SPIE conference on advanced signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VIII

作者： Wills, GD Rees, HD Skidmore, ID Def Evaluat & Res Agcy Malvern WR14 3PS Worcs England

ISBN: (纸本)0819429163

Digitising the signals from a phased array at the element level is becoming more practicable through advances in technology. Adaptive beamforming schemes such as a sample matrix inversion involve inverting a covariance matrix of dimension equal to the number of spatial channels. Since with an element digitised system there can be several thousand elements it becomes impractical to invert such large matrices. This paper presents a weight computation scheme for a fully digitised system. The clutter returns are firstly range gated and then the adaptive process is broken down into a smaller cascade of stages, or domains. Attenuation of the clutter is then achieved using a spatial Wiener filter in each domain. From a simulation of an airborne radar at a high pulse repetition frequency, examples are given of adapted beampatterns and clutter output doppler spectra within each domain. By choosing alias free domains, a clutter-free output is obtained for the sidelobe clutter scenario investigated. A comparison is then given with the performance of a 32 sub-array system. The sub-array system does not have the necessary control of the small scale order of the array weights to spatially null the clutter.

关键词： element level digitisation radar clutter subarrays

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