We have developed a novel, polymer-based material suitable for shrinkage-free thick holography. It can be produced in arbitrary shapes and sizes, with optical quality surfaces and very low scattering noise. A combinat...
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Both in custom and programmable instruction-set processors for data-dominated multi-media applications, many of the architecture components are intended to solve the data transfer and storage issues. Recent experiment...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0818683597
Both in custom and programmable instruction-set processors for data-dominated multi-media applications, many of the architecture components are intended to solve the data transfer and storage issues. Recent experiments at several locations have clearly demonstrated that due to this fact, the main power (and largely also area) cost is situated in the memory units and the communication hardware. In this paper the main reasons for this problem will be reviewed and a perspective will be provided on the expected near-future evolution. It will be shown that the circuit and process technologyadvances have been very significant in the past decade. Still, these are not sufficient to fully solve this power and area bottle-neck which has been created in the same period. Therefore, also several possible design methodology remedies will be proposed for this critical design issue, with emphasis on effective system-level memory management methodologies. These promise very large savings on energy-delay also on area for multi-media applications, while still meeting the real-time constraints.
In this paper, a novel type of red sensitive photo-polymer system for opticalstorage, here called RSPP, is presented. First of all, the components in RSPP, for example, photo-sensitizer, photo-initiator, monomer, cop...
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In this paper, a novel type of red sensitive photo-polymer system for opticalstorage, here called RSPP, is presented. First of all, the components in RSPP, for example, photo-sensitizer, photo-initiator, monomer, copolymer, combiner, stabilizer, hardener, and fabrication and processing technique of RSPP are given. Then, the absorption spectrum of RSPP material is measured. And the result shows the material is only sensitive to read light, whose absorption peak is at 662 nm and half-width of the absorption is about 100 nm. After that, the property of exposure in RSPP is studied. It is found that RSPP holographic plate has several advantages over the opticalstorage (holographic opticalstorage) material previously reported. First, This RSPP is fit to record both transmission holograms and reflection holograms. Second, the holograms recorded in RSPP plate can be processed both in dry and in wet processes due to its strong real-time effect. The performance parameters of the ESPP are following: (a). The photosensitivity is about 2 mJ/cm2 at 630 nm;(b). the resolution of the material is more than 4000 pp/mm;(c). the saturation refractive index modulation is 0.0034 and 0.0141 for real time and wet processing respectively. In the study of the exposure in RSPP holographic plate, some other phenomena concerning real time effect in RSPP, such as, light-amplification and modulation of single light beam effect, are found. The mechanism of these phenomena is discussed.
In recent years, the use of airborne scanning laser technology has been rapidly increasing. Many governmental as well as private organizations around the world are evaluating this nascent technology as an advanced mea...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819428310
In recent years, the use of airborne scanning laser technology has been rapidly increasing. Many governmental as well as private organizations around the world are evaluating this nascent technology as an advanced means of digital elevation data collection. These organizations have been working in conjunction with Optech of Toronto, Canada to conduct demonstrations and experiments as part of a rigorous examination of the capabilities and accuracy of Optech's Airborne Laser Terrain Mapper (ALTM). This paper will present examples of recent projects conducted in the United States, Europe and South Africa dong with a brief description of the fundamental concepts inherent to the technology and its operation in different environmental settings. In certain circumstances where traditional survey techniques such as aerial photogrammetry or standard terrestrial methods are impractical or impossible, often an airborne scanning laser survey is more economical and productive. Also, since no ambient light is required, airborne scanning laser systems can operate day or night. Some of the areas in which the use of this technology may be more beneficial include: forest floor mapping, power wire detection, corridor or route surveys, large topographic surveys and mining. An additional application of airborne scanning laser devices is in the measurement of power line proximity to vegetation. Among the varied applications of airborne scanning lasers, forested areas are of particular interest because they are problematic for companies employing traditional remote sensing methods. Unlike photogrammetry, scanning lasers systems can actually penetrate the forest canopy and accurately measure the terrain and objects below.
A small hard disk drive for portable or hand-held applications is described, which is the result of the confluence of several technological trends. First, the individual technologies which underlie magnetic areal stor...
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A small hard disk drive for portable or hand-held applications is described, which is the result of the confluence of several technological trends. First, the individual technologies which underlie magnetic areal storage density are being improved at a rate which allows a 60% per year increase in datastorage in a given area. As this rate continues, it becomes much more favorable to decrease the size of a magnetic disk drive. Second, there is currently a major growth stage in the range and complexity of portable information/communication devices. The function (and ubiquity) of these devices is expanding rapidly through advances in miniaturization, power reduction and expanding communications infrastructure. Third, the general storage needs are also expanding, and are being driven particularly by the need to capture, transmit and storage images. A prototype disk drive, called a Micro Drive, has been developed for this general market. Details of the design and components of the disk drive, which is compatible with the new Compact Flash CF Type II standard, will be given. The device applications and functional performance issues will also be addressed.
A new evaluation method for analysis of the spatial resolution of the coherent detection imaging (CDI) system is proposed with a new formulation of the computed tomography based on the algebraic equation system. The s...
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Magnetic hard disk drives have become the dominant storagetechnology for information processing and have been applied in such diverse applications as servers for large enterprise computers to desktop and mobile perso...
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Magnetic hard disk drives have become the dominant storagetechnology for information processing and have been applied in such diverse applications as servers for large enterprise computers to desktop and mobile personal computers. This product has been the recipient of significant technology innovations as magnetoresistive sensors, advanced thin film disks and high performance PRML data channels. The result has been areal density increases at 60% per year and commensurate price per megabyte reductions. The industry average drive capacity is 4 gigabytes for the year 1998. To maintain this rapid progress throughout the next decade, giant magnetoresistive sensors and supersmooth thin film disks are being employed. The effects of superparamagnetism will be addressed by innovations considered evolutionary in this technology progress.
An experimental study to ascertain the combinative action of zinc chloride and triethanolamine (TEA) on improving photosensitivity of red-sensitized dichromated gelatin (RSDCG) has been carried out. Firstly, the expos...
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An experimental study to ascertain the combinative action of zinc chloride and triethanolamine (TEA) on improving photosensitivity of red-sensitized dichromated gelatin (RSDCG) has been carried out. Firstly, the exposure properties of home-made RSDCG were studied experimentally. Then, zinc chloride, a kind of Louis' acid, was added into the RSDCG to observe its catalytic effect on photo-cross-linking of gelatin molecules in RSDCG. After that, TEA, as a kind of external electron donor in RSDCG photo-chemical reaction, was introduced into RSDCG to make its photosensitivity higher in this study. Finally, the combinative effect of zinc chloride and TEA on the photosensitivity in RSDCG holograms was studied. The results show: (1). zinc chloride and TEA have obvious combinative effect on improving the photosensitivity of RSDCG. (2). the curve of diffraction efficiency of RSDCG holographic transmission grating vs exposure energy is bell-shaped. (3). the maximum diffraction efficiency of the grating can reach as high as 83% corresponding to the exposure energy about 200 mJ/cm2.
A new development rate model is proposed which is based on an equation derived by Huang, Reiser and Kwei for the concentration dependence of the dissolution rate of acidic resins in aqueous alkaline developers. This e...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819427780
A new development rate model is proposed which is based on an equation derived by Huang, Reiser and Kwei for the concentration dependence of the dissolution rate of acidic resins in aqueous alkaline developers. This equation predicts cessation of development at a critical concentration c*. Experiments in which the developer strength was varied show that the critical concentration c* is a linear function of the normalized sensitizer concentration m of positive-tone resists. The model is shown to reproduce the R(m) curves of conventional photoresists well, but it does not fully the unusual drop in the development rate curves at comparatively low relative sensitizer concentrations of m = 0.4 to 0.7 shown by highperformance resist systems. This physical phenomenon can be related to a selective dissolution effect in which the lower molecular weight component of the two-component resins typically used in these resists is leached out of the surface areas. The onset of this phenomenon leads to a sudden lowering of the resist dissolution rate which is described by the introduction of a "notch function."
An optical fiber loop memory can be used in a packet switched optical network to resolve the contention problems and increase the system flexibility. We report a multi-wavelength optical fiber loop memory with in-loop...
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An optical fiber loop memory can be used in a packet switched optical network to resolve the contention problems and increase the system flexibility. We report a multi-wavelength optical fiber loop memory with in-loop waveguide grating router (WGR). Bit error rate of stored packets is analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. A new refreshable multi-wavelength loop memory configuration is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. With this refreshable optical memory, which works like a DRAM (dynamic random access memory), optical signal can be stored as long as system required.
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