Solid State lasers using diode array excitation continue to make significant progress in laboratory development. Though used in certain industrial applications in semiconductor manufacture, this type of solid state la...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819413275
Solid State lasers using diode array excitation continue to make significant progress in laboratory development. Though used in certain industrial applications in semiconductor manufacture, this type of solid state laser has not yet seen broader use. This article summarizes the status of this technology and projects the conditions of cost and market volume needed for greater use of such lasers. Large volume, high power industrial applications must play a substantive role in the adaptation of this technology since the high power industrial laser market is one of the few markets with volumes large enough to drive the cost of the diode component sufficiently low for mass usage to be affordable.
Sensors 2000! (S2K!) is a specialized, high performance workgroup primarily organized to provide focused, directed, advanced biosensor and bioinstrumentation systems technology in support of NASA's life sciences s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819415944
Sensors 2000! (S2K!) is a specialized, high performance workgroup primarily organized to provide focused, directed, advanced biosensor and bioinstrumentation systems technology in support of NASA's life sciences spaceflight and ground-based research and development programs. A concurrent objective is to promote the mutual use, application, and transition of developed technology by collaborating in academiccommercial-government leveraging, joint research, technology utilization and commercialization, and strategic partnering alliances.
Within the rapidly growing world of digital data processing, recording and storage, optical materials and technologies are proving to be significantly competitive alternatives to magnetic ones. In this paper, we descr...
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Within the rapidly growing world of digital data processing, recording and storage, optical materials and technologies are proving to be significantly competitive alternatives to magnetic ones. In this paper, we describe a new optical tape product that is designed for high volume, high density recording and is well suited to permanent archival applications, among others. The critical contributions of sputtered coatings and in-situ process controls to product performance and durability are also discussed.
This paper presents a study of storage control cache locality based on trace data collected mostly in 1993, during a survey of eleven MVS installations. The results are broken out by the major categories of observed d...
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This paper presents a study of storage control cache locality based on trace data collected mostly in 1993, during a survey of eleven MVS installations. The results are broken out by the major categories of observed disk workload, including DB/2, IMS, CICS, TSO, and system volumes. To facilitate their application to cache planning, the results are organized in terms of cache residency time. We also motivate and review this framework (the multiple workload approach) for handling cache locality data. The 1993 data make possible an interesting comparison with similar data that were reported in 1987, as part of the initial argument for the use of the multiple workload approach. Such a comparison makes apparent the recent advances in DASD and data base technology. Also, this paper re-affirms, through an examination of the 1993 data, that current patterns of cache locality continue to point to a minimum objective for cache residency time of at least 30-60 seconds. The implications of this objective, for the current generation of storage controls, are explored.
The paper presents the Clinton Administration's commitment to American industrial competitiveness through a strategic focus on research and development and to dual-use technologies in particular. Working in partne...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819415936
The paper presents the Clinton Administration's commitment to American industrial competitiveness through a strategic focus on research and development and to dual-use technologies in particular. Working in partnership with industry, the dual-use approach is essential for giving our armed forces the world's best, most technically advanced military equipment at affordable cost. The President has set a goal of shifting from a dominant role for military technologies in our Federal R&D investments to a roughly equal balance between military on the one hand and civilian and dual-use on the other. We have already made significant progress toward this goal.
We report a novel surface-micromachined micro-optical bench (MOB) technology which enables us to monolithically integrate 'flipped-up' free-space optical elements with micro-positioners and micro- actuators. T...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819416150
We report a novel surface-micromachined micro-optical bench (MOB) technology which enables us to monolithically integrate 'flipped-up' free-space optical elements with micro-positioners and micro- actuators. This technology allows complete optical systems be implemented on a single Si chip using IC-like microfabrication processes. We have, for the first time, successfully fabricated micro-Fresnel lenses, mirrors, beam-splitters, gratings, and precision optical mounts, as well as rotational stages and other micro- positioners. Self-aligned hybrid integration with edge-emitting lasers and vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) are also demonstrated for the first time. The MOB technology could significantly reduce the size, weight, and cost of most optical systems, and has a significant impact on optical switching, opticaldatastorage, optoelectronic packaging.
This paper presents a study of storage control cache locality based on trace data collected mostly in 1993, during a survey of eleven MVS installations. The results are broken out by the major categories of observed d...
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Image Processing is widely regarded as a successful application of electronic technology. However, there is a wide gap between commercially successful image processing implementations and system design that have been ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819416215
Image Processing is widely regarded as a successful application of electronic technology. However, there is a wide gap between commercially successful image processing implementations and system design that have been proposed by the research community. Of particular interest are image processing architectures that use large number of densely interconnected processors to compute and transmit image date in parallel 2-D format. The interconnect density and packaging constraints of electronic packaging technology preclude efficient implementation of such architectures. In contrast, optoelectronic integrated circuits combined with surface-normal optical interconnects offer the promise of a technology platform that is inherently better suited for the implementation of interconnect intensive image processing applications.
Novolak-polyhydroxystyrene copolymers with a high glass transition temperature were synthesized. Copolymers with different compositions (Novolak/PHS ratio) show improved resin characteristics, compared to either novol...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819414905
Novolak-polyhydroxystyrene copolymers with a high glass transition temperature were synthesized. Copolymers with different compositions (Novolak/PHS ratio) show improved resin characteristics, compared to either novolak or novolak/PHS blend. The novolak-PHS copolymer formation is confirmed by carbon-13 NMR spectroscopy. This technique has provided detailed information on the substitution characteristic of various carbon atoms in the polymer. For example, the carbons bearing hydroxy groups are observed in the range 148-156 ppm and the methylene carbons at 25-36 ppm. The methyl groups on the aromatic ring show chemical shifts at 16 and 25 ppm. Chemical shifts of carbons in various isomers of model compounds have been assigned to respective carbons, which confirms the structure (structure 1) for this copolymer. Novolak-PHS copolymer can be formulated into a high performance and high thermal stability positive photoresist whereas physical blend of novolak and polyhydroxystyrene is not useful. The synthesis of the copolymer and the micro lithographic properties is discussed. The paper discusses comparative data on Novolak-PHS copolymer and novolak/PHS polymer blends.
The universality of a single percolation field scaling law to the tetramethylammonium hydroxide dissolution of derivatized novolac and poly(4-vinylphenol) polymers was investigated. According to this hypothesis, the d...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819414905
The universality of a single percolation field scaling law to the tetramethylammonium hydroxide dissolution of derivatized novolac and poly(4-vinylphenol) polymers was investigated. According to this hypothesis, the dissolution of phenolic polymers occurs through a percolative mechanism resulting from the diffusion of base along nascent channels formed by the spatial proximity of phenolic hydroxyl groups (presumably diffusion of the cation is rate limiting). Dissolution inhibition results from the removal of sites from the percolation field. In this study, the polymers were derivatized with increasing amounts of either 2,1,5- diazonaphthoquinone groups or methylsulphonyl ester groups and the dissolution rates of the films were measured. While our experimental data supported adherence to the percolation law (p equals the scaled amount of free hydroxyl sites remaining on the polymer), Rate equals Rate0 (p-pc)t, we did not find that a single exponent of t equals 2 universally described the dissolution behavior. Rather, our data indicated that t varied with different systems, with values of t greater than 5 being observed. These results are explained in terms of multiple simultaneously operant mechanisms of dissolution creating an environment where multiple percolation can occur. The relative shielding effects of the blocking groups are also compared.
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