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IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： J.D. Morgenstern M.A. Gennert S. Nadella N. Kumar G.C. Speckert P.P. Bruyant M.A. King Internet Video & Imaging Uxbridge MA Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester MA USA Speck Technology Inc. USA SpeckTech Inc. University of Massachusetts Worcester MA USA University of Massachusetts Worcester MA

Patient motion, which causes artifacts in reconstructed images, can be a serious problem in SPECT imaging. If patient motion can be detected and quantified, the reconstruction algorithm can compensate for the motion. In previous work, we described a prototype system for tracking patient motion. In this paper, we present a real-time multithreaded visual tracking system (VTS) that will be suitable for deployment in clinical trials. The VTS tracks patients using multiple video images and image processing techniques, calculating patient motion in three-dimensional space. High performance is achieved by acquiring and processing images in parallel. Our system will incorporate up to five optical cameras monitoring the patient. Each camera is associated with a thread of control within the VTS. Thus, video images can be acquired asynchronously. As images are acquired, they are stored in buffers until needed. Another processing thread is responsible for requesting images from a specific time, and processing those images as a stereo set. The SPECT system operates in list mode. In this mode, all detected events are stored in a long list together with an event timestamp. Thus, it is possible to temporally register the time-stamped images with the detected activity in order to rebin the SPECT data to compensate for patient motion

关键词： Real time systems Motion detection optical imaging Cameras optical buffering Tracking Yarn Buffer storage Image reconstruction Reconstruction algorithms

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Raproto: An Open-Source Platform for Rapid Prototyping with Wearable Devices

Raproto: An Open-Source Platform for Rapid Prototyping with ...

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International Workshop on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (BSN)

作者： Tarek Hamid Kimberly Helm Hyonyoung Choi Jean Park Claire Kendell Stephanie Cummings Steve Messe Stefanie Modri Insup Lee James Weimer Amanda Watson Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Virginia Virginia Dept. of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Pennsylvania

ISBN: (数字)9798331530143

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530150

advances in wearable technology have enabled ubiquitous use of wearable devices in remote patient monitoring, particularly in clinical trials. Because of the reliance on highquality data in these endeavors, the first and often the most time-consuming step is to build a data collection system. While many systems have been developed to address this, they are often highly specific and customized to the task at hand, and are often not generalized enough to support other tasks. To remedy this, we developed Raproto, an open-source easy-to-use rapid prototyping platform that does not require the time, effort, and expertise needed for custom development. The Raproto platform consists of three components, the wearable device(s), communication protocol, and remote storage. These components support the collection, transmission, storage, analysis, and visualization of large-scale data with applications from smaller-scale research studies to large clinical trials. To reduce the burden of device and application development, we created multipurpose and customizable smartwatch applications on both the Android and Tizen operating systems. We evaluate our platform in a lab setting as well as in two real-world case studies. Overall, we find that we can collect data using our application for over 24 hours on a single charge and there is little to no data loss, thus making it an ideal tool to preface customized device development for real-world impact and commercialization.

关键词： Wearable Health Monitoring Systems Patient monitoring Protocols Operating systems data collection Clinical trials Rapid prototyping Hardware Biomedical monitoring Usability

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Sol-Fi: Enabling Joint Illumination and Communication in Enclosed Areas with Sunlight

Sol-Fi: Enabling Joint Illumination and Communication in Enc...

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International Symposium on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN)

作者： Miguel A. Chávez Tapia Talia Xu Marco Zúñiga Zamalloa Delft University of Technology Delft The Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9798350362015

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362022

Consider an enclosed area, such as a room without windows. During the day, artificial light can provide illumination and communication thanks to advances in Visible Light Communication (VLC). Artificial lighting, however, has some drawbacks compared to using daylight in enclosed spaces. First, using sunlight consumes less power. Second, the use of natural light improves the health and comfort of the occupants. We propose a system, dubbed Sol-Fi, to provide joint illumination and communication in enclosed spaces using sunlight. Sol-Fi relies on two main components: commercial sunlight collectors and a novel transmitter to modulate ambient light. The sunlight collectors utilize optical fibers to guide natural light from open to enclosed spaces, and our transmitter modulates the incoming light providing two novel features. First, to analyze the pros and cons of the optical devices used in the literature for ambient light communication, Sol-Fi examines the properties of Liquid Crystals (LCs) and Digital Micro Mirror Devices (DMDs). Second, to investigate the trade-off between single- and multi-band communication, Sol-Fi proposes an optical design that can modulate the entire spectrum or divide it into different (individually modulated) bands. Our evaluation shows that, depending on the number of bands (single or dual) and the type of modulator (LC or DMD), Sol-Fi provides a data rate between 0.8 to 80 kbps, a range between 0.5 to 5 m, and a field-of-view between 30° to 60°.

关键词： Wireless communication optical design Modulation Information processing Artificial light Liquid crystal devices optical transmitters

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Streamlining Load Scheduling in Cloud Computing: A Thorough Performance Assessment and Development of Effective Methods for Design

Streamlining Load Scheduling in Cloud Computing: A Thorough ...

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advances in Modern Age Technologies for Health and Engineering Science (AMATHE), International conference on

作者： Kavitha M S Ramachandra Rao G S. Karthik Department of CSE SNS college of Technology Coimbatore

ISBN: (数字)9798350371567

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371574

In order to satisfy the various cloud applications' quality of service needs, load scheduling in the cloud is a challenging operation that significantly depends on the effective distribution of resources. The intrinsic variability, unpredictable nature, and dispersed nature of cloud systems are the root causes of the issues. Advanced load scheduling methods are required to maximize performance and resource usage because traditional resource allocation mechanisms frequently fail to solve these problems. A variety of approaches, each tailored to address a particular facet of the cloud's resource allocation dilemma, are presented in the literature on load scheduling algorithms. Researchers and practitioners still have a great deal of difficulty when deciding which load scheduling approach is best suited for a given workload. The intrinsic variability of cloud environments' resources is one of the key variables impacting how effective load scheduling algorithms are. A range of resources with unique features and capabilities are included in cloud infrastructures. Network setups, storage choices, and various virtual machine kinds are a few examples. Because of this, load scheduling algorithms have to negotiate this complex environment to distribute resources as efficiently as possible, taking into account variables like processing speed, memory capacity, and network bandwidth. Another issue in cloud settings is the unpredictable nature of workloads. Depending on user activity, application requirements, and outside variables, resource consumption may vary suddenly. For resources to be distributed effectively to meet shifting needs, load scheduling algorithms must be flexible and sensitive to these variations. Its flexibility is essential to sustaining peak performance and avoiding wasteful or excessive use of resources. Another level of complexity to cloud load scheduling is the distribution of resources among geographically dispersed data centers. To improve redundancy, l

关键词： Cloud computing data centers Scheduling algorithms Heuristic algorithms Throughput Virtual machining Complexity theory

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Building damage detection from post-earthquake aerial imagery using building grey-value and gradient orientation analyses

Building damage detection from post-earthquake aerial imager...

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International conference on Recent advances in Space Technologies (RAST)

作者： E. Sumer M. Turker Department of Computer Engineering Baskent University Ankara Turkey Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Geodetic and Geographic Information Technologies Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

The collapsed buildings due to 1999 Kocaeli earthquake were detected from post-event panchromatic aerial imagery based on grey-value and the gradient orientation of the buildings. The building boundaries were available and stored in a GIS as vector polygons. The building polygons were utilized to perform the assessments in a building specific manner. The approach was implemented in a selected area of Golcuk, which is one of the urban areas most strongly hit by the earthquake. First, the buildings were selected one-by-one from the integrated vector (building boundaries) and raster (aerial photo) data set. The building damage detection process was then divided into two branches. In the first branch, the detection was performed using the building grey-value information. To do that, a greyvalue threshold (T1) was determined for discriminating the collapsed buildings from the un-collapsed ones. In the second branch, a group of operations including the gradient calculation and the determination of gradient orientation were performed. By utilizing the orientation information, an optimum threshold level (T2) was determined for the standard deviation of the angle distribution of the building pixels. When assessing the condition of a building, the results of the two branches were combined and a final decision was made in an integrated manner. Of the 284 buildings analyzed, 254 were labeled correctly as collapsed or un-collapsed providing an overall accuracy of 89.44%. The results reveal that the collapsed buildings due to the earthquake can be successfully detected from post-event aerial images.

关键词： Image analysis Remote monitoring Remote sensing Laser radar Space technology optical sensors Spaceborne radar Earthquake engineering Urban areas Resource management

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New technologies for fluid dynamics experiments and optical diagnostics

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PHYSICA SCRIPTA 2008年第T132期T132卷 014056-014056页

作者： Orlov, Sergei S. Stanford Univ Dept Elect Engn Stanford CA 94305 USA

Modern technologies offer new opportunities for experimentalists in a wide variety of research areas including hydrodynamics. A significant improvement in precision, dynamic range, reproducibility, motion control accuracy, data acquisition rate and information capacity of the experimental datasets over the current state-of-the-art are possible using new approaches and techniques, which may bring the quality of experiments to a new level of standards. Application of these new technologies in experimental diagnostics can help bridge the current quality gap between the observations and the large-scale computational fluid dynamics simulations allowing direct and unambiguous comparison of the data and the modeling results, which is crucial for the code validation. One of the new technologies which is described in this paper is ultra-high performance digital holographic data storage. The state-of-the-art motion control, electronics and optical imaging allow for realization of turbulent flows with very high Reynolds number (>10(7)) in a relatively small laboratory-scale form-factor and quantification of their properties with extremely high spatio-temporal resolutions and bandwidth. Digital holographic technology can provide complete three-dimensional mapping of the flow velocity and density fields at high data rates (over 1000 fps) over large spatial area (similar to 50 cm) with high spatial (1-10 mu m) and temporal (better than a few nanoseconds) resolutions and, therefore, can provide extremely accurate quantitative description of the fluid flows, including those of multiphase and unsteady conditions. These unique experimental and metrological capabilities enable the studies of spatial and temporal properties of the transport of momentum, angular momentum and energy, and the identification of scaling, invariants and statistical properties of the complex multiphase and unsteady turbulent flows. The technology can be applied for investigations of a large variety of hydrody

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CDRDN: Content Driven Routing in datacenter Network

CDRDN: Content Driven Routing in Datacenter Network

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International conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)

作者： Ming Zhu Dan Li Ying Liu Jianping Wu Department of Computer Science Tsinghua University Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology

A major challenge in data center networks is to provide enough network capacity to meet the ever increasing demand of large-scale distributed computing. While existing proposals focus on adding more switches and links, which cost extra hardware and energy, we explore another dimension in which spare disk space at servers is used for caching data, so as to increase network throughput without additional hardware. Leveraging the Named data Networking (NDN) architecture and unique characteristics of data centers, we design a novel Content Driven Routing in datacenter Network (CDRDN) that enables universal caching in data center networks in an efficient and scalable way. First, rather than using switches for “on-path” caching like in native NDN, CDRDN uses the large storage space at servers to do “off-path” caching. Second, by taking advantage of data center's regular and hierarchical network topology, CDRDN switches are able to direct requests to nearby server caches even under high dynamics of caches. Third, given the vast amount of data in data centers, the full name-based routing table would be difficult to fit in switch's limited fast memory. CDRDN adopts a compound content and location routing to ensure packet delivery while benefiting from name-based routing as much as the switches can afford. CDRDN extends NDN's adaptive forwarding mechanism to deal with cache misses, link failures, and congestion without running routing protocols or cache exchange protocols. Our packet-level simulations show that CDRDN can almost double the network throughput compared with shortest-path routing under the same setting, and CDRDN can effectively deal with link failures using adaptive forwarding.

关键词： Servers Ports (Computers) Routing optical switches Network topology Bandwidth Topology

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The advances of OTP Memory for Embedded Applications in HKMG Generation and Beyond

The Advances of OTP Memory for Embedded Applications in HKMG...

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International conference on ASIC

作者： Steve S. Chung National Chiao Tung University Taiwan

Current need to the development of advanced 28nm and beyond OTP (One-time-Programmable) nonvolatile memory is limited by the compatibility with advanced nodes with particular high-k metal-gate gate stack feature. On the other hand, there is a strong demand for future use in IoT and AI in security applications. In this talk, we will provide a solution on how to develop a unique structure of OTP for the above purpose. A 4kb macro of One Time Programming (OTP) memory, implemented by a new breakdown, named dielectric fuse (dFuse) breakdown, will be demonstrated which is constructed on a foundry pure logic 28nm HKMG CMOS platform. The feature size of a unit cell is 1.5T per cell with 7.5F 2 . The experimental results show that dFuse macro exhibits high programming (PGM) speed of 100ns at 4V, read time smaller than 10ns at 0.75V, and excellent data retention under one-month baking at 150°C. More importantly, the program voltage is weakly dependent on the environmental temperature, suitable for automotive applications. This OTP is also expected to be scalable to advanced technology node such as FinFET and provides an ideal and reliable solution for the storage purpose in IoT and 5G era. In particular, it has great potential for embedded applications in MCU, e.g., automotive applications.

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Perceptual Mapping-Based Image Tamper Detection and Recovery Algorithm

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advances IN MULTIMEDIA 2022年第0期2022卷

作者： Taha, Taha Basheer Ngadiran, Ruzelita Taha, Dujan B. Tishk Int Univ Fac Appl Sci Erbil Kurdistan Reg Iraq Univ Malaysia Perlis Fac Elect Engn Technol Ctr Excellence Adv Comp AdvComp Perlis Malaysia Univ Mosul Coll Comp Sci & Math Software Engn Dept Mosul Iraq

The importance of digital image authentication has grown in the last decade particularly with the widespread availability of digital media and image manipulation tools. As a result, different techniques were developed to detect fraudulent alterations in digital images and restore the original data. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to authenticate images by hiding a copy of the approximation band in the original image. The approximation band is hidden by embedding it inside the image pixels. The intensity of the hiding was decided using a perceptual map that simulates the human vision system and adds more intensity in areas where the human eye cannot recognize changes. The perceptual map consists of three parts, luminance mask, texture mask, and edge detection mask. Results show a high ability to blindly recover images after different attacks such as removing and blocking attacks. At the same time, the structure similarity index of resultant images was higher than 0.99 for all tested images.

关键词： Digital storage

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Benefits of LRU-centric fibre channel testing

Benefits of LRU-centric fibre channel testing

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International Automatic Testing conference, AUTOTESTCON

作者： Yonet A. Eracar Teradyne Inc. North Reading MA USA

Fibre channel is a highly reliable, gigabit, serial interconnect technology. Commercial applications of the fibre channel technology allow concurrent communications among storage devices using upper level protocols such as small computer system interface (SCSI) and internet protocol (IP). Fibre channel technology is scalable and flexible due to its support of various topologies, such as dedicated point-to-point, arbitrated loops, and scaled switched networks. Advanced avionics programs and applications have an increasing need for bandwidth while maintaining low latency, determinism, and reliability. Therefore fibre channel is being selected as an avionics communication solution for a variety of new military aircraft and upgrades to existing aircraft. Testing at all stages (factories and depots) is necessary to guarantee the reliable and deterministic communication of avionics. Fibre Channel avionics networks present new challenges to those responsible for maintenance testing at the depots: 1. the requirement of testing an avionics application communicating via an upper level protocol, while the test environment presents a low level, physical interface. 2. Emulating the system environment of a line replaceable unit (LRU) to obtain complete functional test coverage. 3. Storing and monitoring large amounts of data passing through the fibre channel network. Existing test instruments and emulators in the market operate at the fibre channel protocol level and they lack necessary support for LRUs. Testing at the fibre channel protocol level detects bad receivers, transmitters, media, and fibre channel processors, but fails to find problems in the inner workings of an LRU. In this paper, we will address the testing challenges listed above with an LRU-centric approach. We will specify an LRU-centric fibre channel testing framework and provide implementation guidelines using example applications.

关键词： optical fiber testing optical fiber communication Aerospace electronics Protocols optical fiber devices Application software Maintenance Telecommunication network reliability Military aircraft Communications technology

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