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International conference on Distributed Computing systems Workshop

作者： Chich-Ling Huang Yuh-Ren Choo Pau-Choo Chung Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

Motion estimation plays an important role in image processing, since temporal information has been regarded as a promising feature for both image segmentation and video coding. In this paper a hybrid approach is proposed to integrate a differential (gradient-based) optical flow approach and region-based matching approach to search for accurate object motion vectors. Our method adopts the Horn-Schunck optical flow constraint, in conjunction with several proposed techniques to convert the dense optical flow field to region-based motion field, and thereby suppress noise. The region-based matching approach is a modified version of the traditional block-matching algorithm, so that it can operate in region-based mode, and thereby enhance the visual effectiveness near the edges. Therefore, the proposed hybrid method has the tendency to obtain the estimation of "true" object motion inherited by the gradient-based approach, and also the superior visual effectiveness inherited by the block-matching approach.

关键词： Motion estimation Image motion analysis Image segmentation Video coding Layout Video sequences Image processing Integrated optics Image converters optical noise

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Entanglement of excitonic states and quantum information processing in semiconductors

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PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE 2002年第3期190卷 817-825页

作者： Rossi, F Biolatti, E Iotti, RC D'Amico, I Ionicioiu, R Pazy, E Zanardi, P Politecn Torino Dipartimento Fis I-10129 Turin Italy Inst Sci Interchange ISI I-10133 Turin Italy

A review of semiconductor-based schemes for the implementation of quantum information processing devices is presented. After recalling the fundamentals of quantum information/computation theory, we shall discuss two potential implementation schemes based on charge degrees of freedom in semiconductor nanostructures. More specifically, we shall present an all-optical implementation of quantum information processing with semiconductor macroatoms/molecules. In this case the computational degrees of freedom are interband optical transitions driven by ultrafast sequences of multicolor laser-pulse trains. As alternative approach. we shall also discuss a transport-like scheme based on ballistic electrons in coupled semiconductor quantum wires. Within such implementation strategy, we shall finally propose a relatively simple quantum gating sequence for testing Bell inequality violations in a condensed-matter environment.

关键词： 3.67.Lx 71.35.–y 73.23.Ad 78.67.–b

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Cell-silicon-hybrids for biomedical analysis and bioinformatics

Cell-silicon-hybrids for biomedical analysis and bioinformat...

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IEEE-EMBS Special Topic conference on Molecular, Cellular and Tissue Engineering

作者： B. Wolf M. Brischwein H. Grothe E.R. Motrescu A.M. Otto C. Stepper Heinz NixdoAehrstuhl fuer Medizinische Elektronik Technical University Munich Munich Germany Heinz Nixdorf-Lehrstuhl fuer Medizinische Elektron. Tech. Univ. Munich Germany

Summary form only given. Cells are the "atoms" of all living systems. Their nanostructure consists of electrodynamic components (membranes) involved in cellular signal transduction. Frequency modulated ion currents (Ca/sup 2+/ oscillations) induced by extracellular molecular "messages" encode specific information. On the other hand, it could be shown that external application of electric field pulses influences the synthesis of messenger molecules. By coupling cells to the surface of semiconductor sensors biohybrid devices are created that are able to convert and to amplify molecular or physical input signals into detectable electrical, metabolic or morphological output signal patterns. This allows the assembly of dynamic and highly sensitive transducers of biochemical or physical signals relevant to cells. If required, such electrical readout devices can be combined with optical visualisation techniques in order to correlate the measured signal output of the cell with additional information about the underlying processes on the subcellular level. Practical applications of this technology are obvious, where the real time analysis of cellular signal processing (for example in pharmaceutical drug testing and biomolecular analytics) is of primary importance.

关键词： Bioinformatics optical signal processing Signal analysis Electrodynamics Biomembranes Frequency modulation Extracellular Pulse amplifiers Signal synthesis Surface morphology

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Microseconds domain switching-speed wavelength-multiplexed optical scanner

Microseconds domain switching-speed wavelength-multiplexed o...

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IEEE Photonics conference (IPC)

作者： Z. Yaqoob N.A. Riza Photonic Information Processing Systems (PIPS) Laboratory The School of Opticsicenter for Research and Education in Optics and Lasers (CREOL) University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA Nuonics Inc. Orlando FL USA

In conclusion, we have successfully demonstrated a fiber-remoted W-MOS with /spl sim/60 microsecond scan setting speeds. Extremely fast (/spl sim/25 nanosecond) wavelength tuning is possible, although electronic control systems tend to limit switching speeds to the microsecond regime. Although, our setup used a /spl sim/3.6 nm tunable bandwidth laser, DBR type structures can offer wavelength-tuning range as wide as 72 nm. Other options for high-speed widely tunable lasers include quantum dot lasers.

关键词： Laser tuning Quantum dot lasers Tunable circuits and devices High speed optical techniques Ultraviolet sources optical tuning Control systems Bandwidth Fiber lasers Distributed Bragg reflectors

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optical pattern computers: classification by characteristics of optical fibre information-energy networks and prospect of its development

Optical pattern computers: classification by characteristics...

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International conference/Workshop on Laser and Fiber-optical Networks Modeling (LFNM)

作者： V.P. Kozhemyako A.A. Yaroviy M.A. Shaban Vinnytsia State Technical University Vinnytsia Ukraine Vinnytsai State Tech. Univ. Vinnytsia Ukraine

Significant results in creation of separate optoelectronic units, blocks, simple devices and single back-end processors aimed at processing of images have been achieved. There is an important problem regarding their integration in a unified system of optoelectronic components and creation of integrated complex optoelectronic back-end processors, and as a result of optoelectronic computer systems, up to creation of the pattern computer.

关键词： optical computing optical fibers Computer architecture Hardware Artificial intelligence Electronic mail Concrete Computer networks Organizing optical reflection

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A recognition algorithm for Chinese characters in diverse fonts

A recognition algorithm for Chinese characters in diverse fo...

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IEEE International conference on Image processing

作者： Xianli Wu Min Wu Engineering Center of Character Recognition Institute of Automation Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780376226

The paper proposes an algorithm for recognizing Chinese characters in many diverse fonts including Song, Fang, Kai, Hei, Yuan, Lishu, Weibei and Xingkai. The algorithm is based on features derived from peripheral direction contributions and utilizes a set of dictionaries. A 3-level matching is first performed with respect to each dictionary. The distance measures associated with these matches are then fed into a central discriminator to output the final recognition result. We propose a new multi-dictionary matching algorithm for use in the central discriminator that utilizes estimated information of neighborhood fonts. Experiments have been performed on a practical OCR software system whose recognition kernel is based on the proposed algorithm. Fast and accurate recognition has been accomplished both in title recognition, involving all of the 8 fonts, and in main-body recognition, that usually involves only the first 4 most commonly used fonts.

关键词： Character recognition Dictionaries optical character recognition software Natural languages Feature extraction Software systems Kernel Software algorithms Asia Research and development

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Comparisons on ways of magnitude characterization of power quality disturbances

Comparisons on ways of magnitude characterization of power q...

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conference on Power Engineering Large Engineering systems (LESCOPE)

作者： Z.Q. Wang S.Z. Zhou Y.J. Guo Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China

Power quality disturbances are normally recorded by dedicated PQ monitors as sampled points in time. Magnitude is accepted as a significant detection and general classification index in field devices or later assessment analysis. Suitable methods of magnitude characterization are one of the bases of PQD measuring and monitoring. The magnitude of PQD can be determined in several different ways. The RMS voltage, peak voltage and fundamental voltage component are introduced to quantify the voltage severity levels in number of published standards. The paper presents the algorithms of the mentioned approaches implemented in Matlab for quasi real-time situation. The algorithms are FFT-based and/or wavelet transform based. They are validated with the example of the radial test system field voltage sag waveforms provided by the IEEE. The depth-duration characterization of voltage sags is illustrated with the mentioned different approaches. The most appropriate approach is suggested at the end of the paper according to the practical monitoring or measuring requirements. We develop a new PQ monitor with DSP chip infrastructure where all the methods are applied. The proper window length selection and technique to avoid oscillation is also discussed in the rest of the paper. The descriptive information obtained from the magnitude characterization can be used further to extract features for PQD detection and classification.

关键词： Power quality Monitoring Voltage fluctuations Standards publication Wavelet transforms System testing Semiconductor device measurement Digital signal processing chips Data mining Feature extraction

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Distributed fibre measurement using backscatter polarimetry

Distributed fibre measurement using backscatter polarimetry

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optical Fiber Sensors conference

作者： A. Rogers Department of Electronic Engineering University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK

Fully-distributed optical-fibre sensing (FDOFS) systems are developing rapidly and are offering significant advantages for measurement functions in a variety of structural applications. Polarization techniques are well established in FDOFS, and in the analysis of polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) for optical-fibre telecommunications. However, a major problem has been that of determining, from one end of the fibre, the distribution of the full polarization properties of a monomode optical fibre, along its length, with some specific spatial resolution. This paper presents a new technique for providing this information, and thus for measuring the distribution of any parameter, external to the fibre, which can modify its polarization behaviour. As a result, it becomes possible to measure simultaneously the distributions of temperature and of a strain field comprising, in the latter case, the longitudinal and the two transverse components of direct strain, plus the transverse shear strain. Distributions of electric, magnetic and acoustic fields may also be measured. The technique comprises an extension of polarization-optical time domain reflectometry (POTDR), and necessitates on-line processing. It holds promise for evolution into a generic method for distributed measurement over a wide range of measurands and application areas. Details of the physical principles, the algorithms and the polarimetry are presented, together with results illustrating the measurement accuracies which can be achieved.

关键词： Backscatter Polarimetry optical fiber polarization Magnetic field measurement Acoustic measurements Strain measurement Magnetic field induced strain optical sensors Area measurement Polarization mode dispersion

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Legacy of optical information processing

Legacy of optical information processing

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conference on Photonic devices and algorithms for Computing III

作者： Yu, FTS Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819441848

optical information processing can perform a myriad of signal processing operations. It is primarily due to the complex amplitude processing capability. optical information processors are capable of performing one- or two-dimensional operations using simple linear operators. However, it would not happen without the support of coherent property of illumination. In this paper we shall discuss the inherent optical complex transformation, by which information data processing can be exploited. Fourier and spatial domain processing, composite filtering, 3-D pattern recognition, larger capacity photo-refractive processing, optical neural computing and others will be stressed.

关键词： optical information processing image processing signal processing spatial domain processing

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Fully-interconnected neural network system based on optical broadcast

Fully-interconnected neural network system based on optical ...

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conference on algorithms and systems for optical information processing V

作者： Ruiz-Llata, M Lamela, H Warde, C Univ Carlos Madrid 3 Dept Ingn Elect Elect & Automat E-28911 Leganes Spain

ISBN: (纸本)0819441856

In this paper we present a novel hardware architecture of a neural network system based on optoelectronic devices and electronic techniques. The main characteristics of the architecture are that is fully interconnected, the interconnections are fully programmable, it avoids optical alignment problems, and is readily scalable to large numbers of pixel neurons. Description, experimental demonstration and discussion of the behavior of the architecture are presented.

关键词： hardware neuroprocessor optoelectronic neural network optical interconnections electronic processing

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