A programmable fiber-optic attenuator using a small tilt micromirror device is introduced, featuring digital control, alignment tolerance, and high speed, with a measured 37.8 dB optical attenuation and a 11-bit resol...
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ISBN:
(纸本)1557526303
A programmable fiber-optic attenuator using a small tilt micromirror device is introduced, featuring digital control, alignment tolerance, and high speed, with a measured 37.8 dB optical attenuation and a 11-bit resolution.
A number of proposed optical flow estimation algorithms for image motion analysis use only a few subsequent frames from an image sequence to perform calculation. Others, that use many frames, as is case in frequency a...
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A number of proposed optical flow estimation algorithms for image motion analysis use only a few subsequent frames from an image sequence to perform calculation. Others, that use many frames, as is case in frequency and energy based, as well as in stochastic optical flow algorithms, are better suited for off-line work. We present our approach in adopting a classic gradient optical flow algorithm for on-line work over extended image sequence. Our experiments on the usual optical flow testing image sequences, consisting of few dozens of image frames show significant improvements in accuracy of the estimated velocity flow fields and in speed of computation. This is achieved by modification and integration of three basic processing phases: preparation of a limited spatio-temporal volume, estimation of velocity flow fields and post filtering of the flow fields. In the preparation phase we use efficient spatio-temporal filters for image smoothing. In the estimation phase a modified iterative solution that propagates results from previous calculation steps is used. Linear and nonlinear post filtering additionally improve optical flow estimates. The whole process is less sensitive to the aperture problem and produces more accurate flow field estimates than the original algorithm. It better copes with motion discontinuities as well. We evidence our achievements by a number of experiments on extended image sequences.
A direct torque control (DTC) scheme for an induction machine is presented. The rotor speed estimation is performed using the oriented field model. Time-frequency spectral methods are used for accurate speed estimatio...
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A direct torque control (DTC) scheme for an induction machine is presented. The rotor speed estimation is performed using the oriented field model. Time-frequency spectral methods are used for accurate speed estimation, using the stator current information. Combining these estimation techniques, a precise T/sub r/ adaptation is achieved in real time. The proposed method reduces the parameter dependence of the induction machine model in the controller, and removes the need for a speed sensor in the mechanical shaft. The dynamic control performance achieved with this technique is comparable to that obtained using optical encoders.
The problem of restoring images blurred by circular motion is considered. In order to simplify the process of deblurring, the original image in the (x,y) plane is transformed into polar plane (p,/spl phi/) . This simp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9539676924
The problem of restoring images blurred by circular motion is considered. In order to simplify the process of deblurring, the original image in the (x,y) plane is transformed into polar plane (p,/spl phi/) . This simplifies the blur model, resulting in one-dimensional integration.
A real-time imaging system based on terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy has been demonstrated. This technique offers a range of unique imaging modalities due to the broad bandwidth, sub-picosecond duration, and p...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780362977
A real-time imaging system based on terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy has been demonstrated. This technique offers a range of unique imaging modalities due to the broad bandwidth, sub-picosecond duration, and phase-sensitive detection of the THz pulses. This paper provides an introduction of the state-of-the art in THz imaging. It also focuses on expanding the potential of this new and exciting field through two major efforts. The first concentrates on improving the experimental sensitivity of the system. We are exploring an interferometric arrangement to provide a background-free reflection imaging geometry. The second applies novel digital signal processingalgorithms to extract useful information from the THz pulses. The possibility exists to combine spectroscopic characterization and/or identification with pixel-by-pixel imaging.
While the conventional concept of a signal coder-decoder (codec) is of a homogeneous device, such that the output decoding is simply an inverse of the input decoding, the heterogeneous codec developed in this paper de...
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While the conventional concept of a signal coder-decoder (codec) is of a homogeneous device, such that the output decoding is simply an inverse of the input decoding, the heterogeneous codec developed in this paper decouples the input and output decoding; this variation generalizes the system. A control codec is an application of a heterogeneous codec, which replaces a traditional discrete analog control loop. This analog control loop includes an A/D (coder) plus a D/A (decoder), as well as other peripheral signal processingalgorithms. Our application of the control codec is to improve the control of RF transponders in satellites. The codec is shown to have the ability to be optimized for a specific application as well as to be re-targeted to different fabrication lines. Because of the environmental demands on spaceborne devices several stable radiation-hardened SOI BiCMOS processes were used. The MIT Lincoln Labs AST Fully Depleted SOI deep-submicron process was also used as an example of re-targeting. Further, we develop the design for a control codec as an application of a general class of heterogeneous, process-independent codecs. The concepts for both a heterogeneous codec and a control codec are important additions to mixed-signal system design because they facilitate analog and mixed-signal block reuse. Our methodology implements a deliberate mixed-signal design decomposition, which enhances the reuse. This reuse is a major advancement in the development of evolvable hardware that uses both analog and digital signal processing in SoC applications.
In this paper we will show how rotation matrices obtained from image measurements, for instance via self-calibration of rotating cameras, may be used to self-align an active stereo head such that the optic axes of the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0769507506
In this paper we will show how rotation matrices obtained from image measurements, for instance via self-calibration of rotating cameras, may be used to self-align an active stereo head such that the optic axes of the cameras are parallel, horizontal and perpendicular to the elevation axis. Whereas general rotation matrices have three degrees of freedom, with robot heads we may generate motions with fewer degrees of freedom, and use prior knowledge of the kinematic chain to constrain the rotation matrices to have a particular form. We demonstrate how these constraints provide sufficient alignment information, and we provide fast, accurate and stable algorithms to achieve this task. Both a linear method, which minimizes an algebraic error, and two nonlinear methods which minimize meaningful errors, are presented, and we show in theory and experiments that they give virtually identical results. Results from both simulated data and from real images obtained from an active stereo head are presented.
Neurologists need a rating scale for their patients that help in setting the medication and treatment. In the daily routine neurologists evaluate the movement of Parkinsonians. Different devices aid the objective eval...
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Neurologists need a rating scale for their patients that help in setting the medication and treatment. In the daily routine neurologists evaluate the movement of Parkinsonians. Different devices aid the objective evaluation. The authors tested 13 Parkinsonians, 36 young healthy and 13 senior healthy subjects using marker-based motion analysis. The reproducibility of the movement test is varying, even healthy subjects exhibit substantial differences while performing movement patterns. However, for most tested persons it is possible to define a subset of movement patterns so that the related parameters were relatively stable for that person. The "personalisation" of the test is in harmony with the fact that the manifestation of the disease is unique for each patient.
An idea for security verification of identification such as passports, credit cards, and others in terms of difficulty of reproduction is proposed The polarization information is used for security verification. As the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
An idea for security verification of identification such as passports, credit cards, and others in terms of difficulty of reproduction is proposed The polarization information is used for security verification. As the state of the polarization encoded cannot be seen by an ordinary intensity sensitive device such as a CCD camera, it cannot be copied For optical validation system, a joint transform correlator is used. Computer simulations and optical experimental results are shown to confirm our proposed method.
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