In this paper we show how to use holographic photon echoes for the implementation of a variety of opticalprocessing functions, including scanners, spectrum analyzers, time-integrating correlators, folded spectrum ana...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
In this paper we show how to use holographic photon echoes for the implementation of a variety of opticalprocessing functions, including scanners, spectrum analyzers, time-integrating correlators, folded spectrum analyzers, ambiguity function processors, image sequence correlators, and folded image raster correlators. The combination of optical coherent transients operating as spatial-spectral holograms with acoustooptic deflectors and electrooptic modulators allows a variety of optical architectures to be implemented with substantially enhanced performance and functionality beyond that achievable by these technologies individually We show how to utilize the basic architectures presented here as building blocks of more powerful and complex real-time opticalprocessingsystems.
A novel architecture for the double random phase encoding optical encryption system using a joint transform correlator is proposed. In the proposed method, the joint power spectrum of the image to be encrypted and the...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
A novel architecture for the double random phase encoding optical encryption system using a joint transform correlator is proposed. In the proposed method, the joint power spectrum of the image to be encrypted and the key code is recorded as the encrypted power spectrum. Owing to the joint transform architecture, the alignment of the image and the key code is robust. Computer simulations using a computer generated hologram is presented to confirm our proposed system.
An encrypted holographic memory based on double random phase encoding and angular multiplexing is presented. A two-dimensional digital image is encrypted by two random phase codes located at the input and Fourier plan...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
An encrypted holographic memory based on double random phase encoding and angular multiplexing is presented. A two-dimensional digital image is encrypted by two random phase codes located at the input and Fourier planes. The input digital image is displayed on a liquid crystal display. In a photorefractive LiNbO3:Fe crystal, Fourier-transformed patterns of encrypted images are stored holographically by using angular multiplexing. Experimental results of encryption and decryption of digital data ate presented.
We consider the recently proposed double phase encoding system, and we analyze the influence of a perturbation of the coded image on the decoded image. Since in optical implementations, the intensity of the decoded im...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
We consider the recently proposed double phase encoding system, and we analyze the influence of a perturbation of the coded image on the decoded image. Since in optical implementations, the intensity of the decoded image is measured at the output of the decoding system, we express the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the intensity decoded image as a fonction of the amplitude SNR of the complex coded image. We show that there exists a simple relation between these two SNR's, and that this relation is quasi-independent of the nature of the coded image perturbation. The results presented in this paper could help characterizing the precision level of the components of the optical decoding system necessary to reach a pre-defined quality level of the decoded image.
Cross-connect switching is a common switching architecture for telecom and datacom applications. Large bandwidth O-E interface devices have recently been made commercially available. Small scale fast electronic switch...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
Cross-connect switching is a common switching architecture for telecom and datacom applications. Large bandwidth O-E interface devices have recently been made commercially available. Small scale fast electronic switches and large scale optical interconnect circuits can be effectively used for handling large bandwidth O-E cross-connect switching. In this paper, we show two packaged & connectorized optical interconnect circuits. The first one is a 100x100 channel guided-wave circuit fully compatible, through MT array connectors, to O-E interface devices, such as Motorola OPTOBUS(TM) or Simens PAROLI(TM) chips. The second one is a more scalable architecture which is a hybrid of free-space and fiber circuits. For demonstration purpose, a 256x256 channel hybrid circuit is shown. Key parameters, such as insertion loss, cross-talk, and bit-error-rate of these interconnect circuits are presented. Transmission and routing of video data are performed to demonstrate interconnect quality of various data links. Scalability of these demonstrated circuits to larger sizes are speculated.
We have demonstrated a color recognition system composed by a novel, self-organized optical neural network system that includes genetic algorithms along with back propagation schemes, which make it possible that the s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
We have demonstrated a color recognition system composed by a novel, self-organized optical neural network system that includes genetic algorithms along with back propagation schemes, which make it possible that the system avoids the local minimum problems and make the learning processes faster and better. Our system is composed of a color liquid crystal display panel(LCD), bistable semiconductor lasers, photo-diodes, and liquid crystal light projector (LCP). The LCD weighs the intensities of light that passes through it and works as synapses in the neural network The optical bistable semiconductor lasers originate the optical sigmoid functions and serve as threshold processing units. Using these devices can simplify the configuration of the optical neural network system. The color of light emitted from the LCP will be recognized by the neural network system. A monochromatic light beam generated by the LCP is illuminated on all over the LCD surface displaying the colored boxes in the three primary components (RGB). Thus, the light beam is weighed when it passes through the boxes on the LCD. As a consequence, we have achieved a novel, simplified color recognition system using the genetic algorithms for self-organization of the optical neural network. The unique feature of this system is to make use of the genetic algorithms and the back propagation at the same time to derive selectively the merits from these two methods. By this system, more naturalized color recognition like human will be performed, being able to distinguish the colors under different conditions of environment, e.g. lightening conditions, surface conditions of colored material, etc.
Poor performance in key components has limited the development of optical target recognition systems. New components are now available, however, that exhibit size and speed characteristics compatible with image proces...
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Poor performance in key components has limited the development of optical target recognition systems. New components are now available, however, that exhibit size and speed characteristics compatible with image processing applications. The U.S. Army Aviation & Missile Command has recently begun a program to exploit the new devices for both homing and imagery analysis applications. New architectures and algorithms which exploit the modulation characteristics of the new devices are being developed and tested. Part of the program is also aimed at funding improvements in the devices to better meet the requirements for optical target recognition. This paper will discuss the overall program specific devices under consideration, and present the architectures and algorithms under development. Any experimental results available at the time will also be presented, with more detailed results to be presented at a later conference.
An optical interconnection technique using photorefractive segmented waveguides is reviewed. The photorefractive segmented waveguide consists of many localized high refractive-index regions that are fabricated by illu...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
An optical interconnection technique using photorefractive segmented waveguides is reviewed. The photorefractive segmented waveguide consists of many localized high refractive-index regions that are fabricated by illuminating a focused laser beam. The waveguide interconnections can be adaptive by changing the spatial arrangement of the high refractive-index regions. Fabrication results of straight, curved, and Y-branch waveguides are presented In the straight waveguides, the transmitted power of a guided beam as a function of the period of segmentation and the dark decay time are measured. The tolerance due to fabrication error is also investigated experimentally. Waveguide structures can be optically modified to implement adaptive interconnections. As an example, a curved structure was transformed into a Y-branch structure by optical illumination. We numerically show that a novel structure of a segmented waveguide can work as a waveguide, where average refractive index of the core is the same as that of surrounding material.
Based on the theory of volume holographic associative storage in a photorefractive crystal and that of binary optics, a compact dual multichannel optical wavelet transform processor is proposed and constructed. Both w...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
Based on the theory of volume holographic associative storage in a photorefractive crystal and that of binary optics, a compact dual multichannel optical wavelet transform processor is proposed and constructed. Both wavelet correlation and wavelet transform can be complemented by the system. Multi-pattern channels are achieved by the inherent parallelism of volume holographic storage. Angle multiplexed holograms of wavelet filtered pattern images are recorded in the crystal. Multi-wavelet channels are accomplished by a Dammann grating, which is a binary optical element for spectrum duplication. The grating is adopted to generate a set of channels with different wavelet filters. Wavelet correlation peaks in different wavelet channels are synthesized to improve the recognition accuracy by multiplication pixel by pixel. Wavelet transform results in different wavelet channels are stored in the crystal and can be restored for recognition or segmentation. The application of the system in human face recognition is studied.
We propose a new technique of correlation filter design for optical correlator. For detection and classification of complex patterns, ability of single optical correlator is not enough. To achieve high performance of ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432903
We propose a new technique of correlation filter design for optical correlator. For detection and classification of complex patterns, ability of single optical correlator is not enough. To achieve high performance of classification, a multiple correlator is suitable in respect of flexibility in correlation filter design. We attempt to design a set of correlation filters for use in multiple optical correlators. As the target, we select road signs. In real scene, the scale and aspect ratio of road sign are dependent on the distance and angle of observation. In addition, many kinds of signs are used. Therefore the correlation filter set has to be designed as to have distortion invariance to adapt to the change of aspect and the variation of road signs. We apply the technique of multiple-object correlation filter, such as the synthetic discriminant function, to the design of correlation filter set, in order to obtain the necessary invariance. Me calculate 180 filters in order to detect and classify 15 kinds of Japanese road signs in real scene. Computer simulation result shows that the combination of multiple optical correlator with the correlation filter set can indicate high performance of pattern detection and classification.
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