The high data transfer rate achievable in page-oriented memories demands for parallel interfaces to logic circuits able to process efficiently the data. The optically Programmable Gate Array, an enhanced version of a ...
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The high data transfer rate achievable in page-oriented memories demands for parallel interfaces to logic circuits able to process efficiently the data. The optically Programmable Gate Array, an enhanced version of a conventional FPGA, utilizes a holographic memory accessed by an array of VCSELs to program its logic. Combining spatial and shift multiplexing to store the configuration pages in the memory, the OPGA module is very compact and has extremely short configuration time allowing for dynamic reconfiguration. The reconfiguration capability of the OPGA can be applied to solve more efficiently problems in pattern recognition and digit classification.
An optical security system using a random selected binary phase code is proposed. A random binary phase encoded light is incident on a holographic recording material and writes gratings in the material with a referenc...
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An optical security system using a random selected binary phase code is proposed. A random binary phase encoded light is incident on a holographic recording material and writes gratings in the material with a reference plane wave. The recording material can be regarded as an optical lock while the phase code acts as the key. As the pixel number is 5×20, the decryption probability is less than 10-10 when arbitrary phase code is used for decryption. The decryption probability decreases dramatically as the pixel number increases. Furthermore, the security system performs good tolerance to data loss of the phase code.
Theoretical analyses, computing simulation and designing for planar acoustooptical devices has been made. Original manufacturing technology for the devices has been done. The device parameter measurement and control h...
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Theoretical analyses, computing simulation and designing for planar acoustooptical devices has been made. Original manufacturing technology for the devices has been done. The device parameter measurement and control has been designed and produced. Several modifications of a planar acoustooptical deflector, an integrated optical RF spectrum analyzer, a planar acoustooptical frequency modulator, a time integrating acoustooptical correlator and an integrated acoustoopticaloptical radiation spectrum analyzer, a multichannel RF receiver have been produced and investigated at Institute for High Performance Computing systems of Russian Academy of Science.
We point out that recent experimental results exemplify the need for quantum theoretical treatment of optical near-field problems, as well as the need for an intuitive model that provides clear insights into near-fiel...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432776
We point out that recent experimental results exemplify the need for quantum theoretical treatment of optical near-field problems, as well as the need for an intuitive model that provides clear insights into near-field opticalsystems. In this context, the virtual photon model as an intuitive model is discussed, and a quantum theoretical formulation of an optical near-field system is proposed on the basis of the projection-operator method. Special attention is paid to nanometric probe tip and quantum-mechanical sample systems such as atoms, molecules, and quantum dots. The effective probe tip-sample interaction is derived from the microscopic viewpoint;this interaction is essential for describing such phenomena as atom guidance and manipulation, or local excitation of a single quantum dot. The relationship to the virtual photon model is also discussed by focusing on the latter's empirical assumption of Yukanra-type interaction between the probe tip and sample. The key points are that a probe tip exists near the sample, and that the electron energies in the probe tip or sample are inversely proportional to the square of its size, owing to the confinement effect. Several applications and the future prospects of our theory are also briefly outlined.
The Data Fusion Model maintained by the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) Data Fusion Group is the most widely-used method for categorizing data fusion-related functions. This paper discusses the current effort to...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819431931
The Data Fusion Model maintained by the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) Data Fusion Group is the most widely-used method for categorizing data fusion-related functions. This paper discusses the current effort to revise and expand this model to facilitate the cost-effective development, acquisition, integration and operation of multi-sensor/multi-source systems. Data fusion involves combining information - in the broadest sense - to estimate or predict the state of some aspect of the universe. These may be represented in terms of attributive and relational states. If the job is to estimate the state of a people (or any other sentient beings), it can be useful to include consideration of informational and perceptual stares in addition to the physical state. Developing cost-effective multi-source informationsystems requires a method for specifying data fusion processing and control functions, interfaces, and associated databases. The lack of common engineering standards for data fusion systems has been a major impediment to integration and re-use of available technology: current developments do nor lend themselves to objective evaluation, comparison or re-use. This paper reports on proposed revisions and expansions of the JDL Data Fusion model to remedy some of these deficiencies. This involves broadening the functional model and related taxonomy beyond the original military focus, and integrating the Data Fusion Tree Architecture model for system description, design and development.
Poor performance in key components has limited the development of optical target recognition systems. New components are now available, however, that exhibit size and speed characteristics compatible with image proces...
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Poor performance in key components has limited the development of optical target recognition systems. New components are now available, however, that exhibit size and speed characteristics compatible with image processing applications. The U.S. Army Aviation & Missile Command has recently begun a program to exploit the new devices for both homing and imagery analysis applications. New architectures and algorithms which exploit the modulation characteristics of the new devices are being developed and tested. Part of the program is also aimed at funding improvements in the devices to better meet the requirements for optical target recognition. This paper will discuss the overall program specific devices under consideration, and present the architectures and algorithms under development. Any experimental results available at the time will also be presented, with more detailed results to be presented at a later conference.
We investigate the performance of morphological correlation under different illumination conditions. The morphological correlation is shown to be invariant to uniform input-image illumination when the input-image illu...
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We investigate the performance of morphological correlation under different illumination conditions. The morphological correlation is shown to be invariant to uniform input-image illumination when the input-image illumination is higher than that of the reference. Accordingly, illumination-independent pattern recognition can be realized using morphological correlation provided the reference is multiplied by a proper number less than unity or the input image is multiplied by a number greater than unity before threshold-decomposition. In addition, the correlation peak tends to get broader when illumination of the input is different from that of the reference. Computer simulation results are provided.
Distributed microsensor networks, built from collections of nodes each having the ability to sense their environment, process the raw sensor data in cooperation with other neighboring nodes into information and then c...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819431877
Distributed microsensor networks, built from collections of nodes each having the ability to sense their environment, process the raw sensor data in cooperation with other neighboring nodes into information and then communicate that information to end users. These systems are designed to be self-organizing in the sense of establishing and maintaining their own network without the need for specialist operators. In most envisioned applications, wireless communications are the most practical means of interconnection, eliminating the internode cabling. Long periods of autonomous operations in remote environments will need battery or other renewable energy sources. In order to prolong battery life, all node hardware and software functions need to be designed to consume minimal power. In general, a node will expend energy on local processing of sensor data to produce compressed information in order to reduce communications. These network systems are intended to support large numbers of such nodes to cover large geographic areas. This presents technical challenges in areas such as low cost design, scalability, cooperative processing and reliable operation of complex systems. Such networks are finding applications in both the military and commercial arenas, and the UCLA/Rockwell Science Center team(1) has developed a prototype wireless sensor node, "AWAIRS I," as a development platform to examine many of the issues relating to their design, deployment and usage. These issues cover a broad spectrum, from determining the best sensors for particular applications, to constructing low power signal processingalgorithms and robust and low power network protocols.
Recently, optical interconnection devices with parallel processing have been studied. Especially, expectations of an all-optical interconnection have been rising, and using a cat conjugator in a photorefractive crysta...
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The ability to meaningfully assess the competence of algorithms is a crucial part of developing and comparing practical systems. Moreover, the importance of metrology has increased because of the emergence of fusion s...
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ISBN:
(纸本)081943194X
The ability to meaningfully assess the competence of algorithms is a crucial part of developing and comparing practical systems. Moreover, the importance of metrology has increased because of the emergence of fusion strategies such as adaptive fusion and fusion management, which require that Measures of Performance (MoPs), Effectiveness (MoEs), and Robustness (MoRs) be examined with greater seriousness. It would seem, therefore, that few things could be as important as achieving a scientific understanding of measurement. In reality, probably no other vital aspect of multisource-multisensor data fusion has been less glamorous, more heuristic, more poorly understood, and less a subject of deep examination than has been metrology. In this paper we present preliminary findings of an ongoing project on scientific performance evaluation for multisource-multisensor data fusion, sponsored by Air Force Research Laboratories, Rome NY.
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