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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Algorithms, Devices, and Systems for Optical Information Processing"

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Multiscale edge analysis of halftoned images. 3

Multiscale edge analysis of halftoned images.

引用

conference on Human Vision & Electronic Imaging

作者： Veryovka, O Fournier, A Buchanan, J Univ Alberta Dept Comp Sci Edmonton AB Canada

ISBN: (纸本)081942739X

A number of techniques for halftoning gray scale images have been proposed. Unfortunately a reliable methodology of comparing results still has to be developed. Our work is focused on analysis of edge information in halftoned images. In particular we are interested in the preservation of the original image edges and the appearance of edge artifacts created by the halftoning process. Our approach is a multiscale analysis based on a wavelet transform. The wavelet smoothing function is approximately a derivative of a Gaussian function. Image edges are found by identifying extrema points of the wavelet transform. The edge points of the same scale are connected into contours. Edge contours are linked into a pyramid structure across multiple scales. Evolution of wavelet maxima in this pyramid allows us to classify discontinuities in the image and to measure their significance. We studied performance of popular halftoning methods on images with various types of edges. Multiscale edge structures are identified in original gray scale and halftoned images. Corresponding values of the wavelet transform are compared. Our experiments show that proposed methodology can be used to measure fidelity of edge reproduction by the halftoning process. Also, various contouring artifacts can be reliably identified.

关键词： Wavelet transforms Wavelets Edge detection Visualization Analytical research Image analysis Image segmentation Image processing algorithms and systems Image quality Detection and tracking algorithms

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Integrated probes for high resolution imaging of surfaces

Integrated probes for high resolution imaging of surfaces

引用

conference on Far-Field and Near-Field Optics - Physics and information processing

作者： Oesterschulze, E Univ Gesamthsch Kassel Inst Tech Phys D-34109 Kassel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819429228

In the last decade an enormous effort was made in semiconductor industry to reduce the structure dimensions of modern electronic devices towards the 100nm limit. This development is accompanied by the demand for novel analytical tools in device failure analysis providing both high lateral and high time resolution capability. Scanning force microscopy (SFM) was already proven to be a very promising candidate if only the topography of the sample is concerned. To investigate simultaneously other properties, e.g. electrical, thermal, or optical surface properties with almost the same resolution novel sensor concepts have to be introduced. In this paper we focus on some aspects of the development and fabrication of integrated cantilever probes for scanning probe microscopy (SPM). We demonstrated that a variety of different materials, e.g. silicon, gallium arsenide, diamond, metal layers etc., are available for this purpose. Furthermore several concepts for SPM probes are described which exploit the unique properties of the above mentioned substrate materials. Probe concepts rely on, e.g. a coplanar waveguide integrated onto a cantilever for both high frequency scanning electrical force microscopy (HFSEFM) and ultrafast scanning tunneling microscopy (USTM), an electrical conductive and superhard diamond tip for nano spreading resistance profiling, a miniaturised Schottky diode tip for scanning thermal microscopy (SThM), and an aperture tip for scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM).

关键词： scanning force microscopy (SFM) high frequency scanning electrical force microscopy (HFSEFM) scanning thermal microscopy (SThM) scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) diamond cantilever probes aperture cantilever probes Schottky diode cantilever probes

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Automated change feature extraction systems in remote sensing

Automated change feature extraction systems in remote sensin...

引用

conference on Applications of Digital Image processing XXI

作者： Dai, XL N Carolina State Univ Ctr Earth Observ Raleigh NC 27695 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819429155

To enhance the ability of remote sensing system to provide accurate, timely, and complete geospatial information at regional and/or global scale, an automated change detection system has been and will continue to be one of the important yet challenging problems in remote sensing. This research was designed to evaluate the requirements and develop the techniques for an automated change detection system at landscape level using various geospatial data including multisensor remotely sensed imagery and ancillary data layers. These techniques are included in three subsystems: automated computer image understanding, multisource data fusion, and database updating and visualization. This paper summarizes what has been achieved so far in this research. The experiments have been focusing on three major interrelated components. In the first component, the impact of misregistration on the accuracy of remotely sensed land cover change detection was quantitatively investigated using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images. In the second component, a new feature-based approach to automated multitemporal and multisensor image registration was developed. Feature matching was done in both feature space and image space based on moment invariant distance and chain code correlation. The characteristic of this technique is that it combines moment invariant shape descriptors with chain code correlation to establish the correspondences between regions in two images. In the third component, the algorithms for an automated change detection system utilizing neural networks were developed and implemented. This work has implications on improving the efficiency and accuracy of the change feature extraction and quantification at all levels of applications ranging from local to global in scale.

关键词： change detection satellite image processing automated remote sensing image registration neural networks feature-based

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Three-dimensional obstacle classification in laser range data

Three-dimensional obstacle classification in laser range dat...

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SPIE conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXIV

作者： Armbruster, W Bers, K FGAN FIM Res Inst Informat Proc & Pattern Recognit D-76275 Ettlingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819428914

The threat of hostile surveillance and weapon systems require military aircraft to fly under extreme conditions such as low altitude, high speed, poor visibility and incomplete terrain information. The probability of collision with natural and man-made obstacles during such contour missions is high if detection capability is restricted to conventional vision aids. Forward-looking scanning laser rangefinders which are presently being flight tested and evaluated at German proving grounds, provide a possible solution, having a large field of view, high angular and range resolution, a high pulse repetition rate, and sufficient pulse energy to register returns from wires at over 500 m range (depends on the system) with a high hit-and-detect probability. Despite the efficiency of the sensor, acceptance of current obstacle warning systems by test pilots is not very high, mainly due to the systems' inadequacies in obstacle recognition and visualization. This has motivated the development and the testing of a more advanced Sd-scene analysis algorithm at FGAN-FIM to replace the obstacle recognition component of current warning systems. The basic ideas are to increase the recognition probability and to reduce the false alarm rate for hard-to-extract obstacles such as wires, by using more readily recognizable objects such as terrain, poles, pylons, trees, etc., by implementing a hierarchical classification procedure to generate a parametric description of the terrain surface as well as the class, position, orientation, size and shape of all objects in the scene. The algorithms can be used for other applications such as terrain following, autonomous obstacle avoidance, and automatic target recognition.

关键词： obstacle avoidance laser range data scene analysis image understanding hierarchical classification real time image processing

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Dynamic data mining using an electro-optical data warehouse

Dynamic data mining using an electro-optical data warehouse

引用

IEEE information Technology conference

作者： P.B. Berra P.A. Mitkas R.A. Liuzzi PBB Systems Wright State University Canastota NY USA Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins CO USA Air Force Research Laboratory Rome NY USA

Large information systems that manage terabytes of data must provide rich functionality so that interesting new applications can be addressed. Since a wealth of data, information and knowledge are resident within these vast repositories, a variety of knowledge discovery techniques have developed. These techniques are very computationally intensive and require the movement of large amounts of data. In the search for new approaches, optics may be able to help since photons have the very attractive properties of high speed, non-interference, and parallelism. optical systems can accommodate a large number of parallel, high-bandwidth channels and optical storage devices have very high storage densities. In this research the authors postulate an electro-optical computer architecture and examine the feasibility of executing a number of alphanumeric and image knowledge discovery algorithms on large multimedia data/knowledge bases with the purpose of increasing performance and functionality.

关键词： Data mining Data warehouses High speed optical techniques Holography Holographic optical components optical interconnections optical computing Electron optics optical devices Parallel processing

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Java-based cryptosystem for PACS and tele-imaging

Java-based cryptosystem for PACS and tele-imaging

引用

PACS Design and Evaluation conference

作者： Tjandra, D Wong, STC Yu, YP Univ Calif San Francisco San Francisco CA 94143 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819427845

Traditional PACS systems are based on two-tier client server architectures, and require the use of costly, high-end client workstations for image viewing. Consequently, PACS systems using the two-tier architecture do not scale well as data increases in size and complexity. Furthermore, use of dedicated viewing workstations incurs costs in deployment and maintenance. To address these issues, the use of digital library technologies, such as the World Wide Web, Java, and CORBA, is being explored to distribute PACS data to serve a broader range of healthcare providers in an economic and efficient manner. Integration of PACS systems with digital library technologies allows access to medical information through open networks such as the Internet. However, use of open networks to transmit medical data introduces problems with maintaining privacy and integrity of patient information. Cryptography and digital timestamping is used to protect sensitive information from unauthorized access or tampering. A major concern when using cryptography and digital timestamping is the performance degradation associated with the mathematical calculations needed to encrypt/decrypt an image dataset, or to calculate the hash value of an image. The performance issue is compounded by the extra layer associated with the CORBA middleware, and the use of programming languages interpreted at the client side, such as Java. This paper study the extent to which Java-based cryptography and digital timestamping affects performance in a PACS system integrated with digital library technologies.

关键词： Java Solid state lighting Picture Archiving and Communication System Image encryption Cryptography Databases Image processing Standards development Internet Computer programming

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Hardware implementation of fuzzy systems

Hardware implementation of fuzzy systems

引用

conference of the North American Fuzzy information processing Society - NAFIPS

作者： J. Knobloch Fraunhofer-Inst. of Microelectron. Circuits & Syst. Dresden Germany

Fuzzy systems will be implemented mostly as software solutions, but in special cases a hardware implementation is meaningful or even necessary. There are such special applications in the area of intelligent sensors and controllers for microsystems, where speed, compactness, reliability and costs are important development objectives. This paper describes three fuzzy chips. By these examples the reasons and needs for a fuzzy hardware solution are shown. Based on the realized chips some design specialities as well as characteristics and special features for users are provided.

关键词： Hardware Fuzzy systems Signal processing algorithms Application specific integrated circuits optical signal processing Welding Microelectronics optical sensors Algorithm design and analysis Laser modes

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Dynamic scene analysis from the polar form of image flow representations

Dynamic scene analysis from the polar form of image flow rep...

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IEEE International Caracas conference on devices, Circuits and systems

作者： L. Urbano F. D'Alvano C. Lollett G. Gonzalez Grupo de Procesainiento de Senales-Departamento de Electronica y Circuitos Universidad Simon Bolivar Caracas Venezuela Universidad Simon Bolivar Caracas Distrito Capital VE

A basic area of research in digital video processing is the frame to frame low level motion estimation of image sequences. The motion information obtained is usually displayed as a 2-D distribution of displacement vectors, called the optical flow field or image flow. How to use that information, in order to precisely estimate the location of objects in the scene, remains a relevant and very hard problem in computer vision. In previous schemes, the discontinuities appearing in the motion field have been studied in order to use them to discriminate between the various objects in the scene. In this work, the polar form of the image flow representation is used to enable a new approach to the handling of motion field discontinuities in dynamic scene analysis.

关键词： Image analysis Image motion analysis Motion estimation Layout Equations optical computing Image segmentation Clustering algorithms Circuits Image sequences

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Exploiting structure in positioning of nonsymmetric signals

Exploiting structure in positioning of nonsymmetric signals

引用

International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： A.A. Ghazanfarian X. Chen T. Kailath M.A. McCord R.F.W. Pease Solid States Laboratory Information Systems Laboratory University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

One of the most crucial emerging challenges in lithography is achieving rapid and accurate alignment under a wide variety of conditions brought about by different processing steps. Current alignment algorithms assume symmetric alignment signals. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm based on subspace decomposition of alignment signals. We assume that the process-induced asymmetries are small enough so that only linear effects need to be considered. We first find the subspace of alignment signals using a set of signals with pre-known positions. The position of a new signal is calculated considering that, if shifted correctly, it will lie in the same subspace of previous signals. Since this method exploits the structure of the signals, it results in more accurate measurement of the position. Simulation results show that the alignment error is about an order of magnitude smaller than that achieved with conventional maximum likelihood or phase-fitting approaches.

关键词： Signal processing Laboratories Position measurement optical scattering Surfaces optical filters Maximum likelihood detection Solid state circuits information systems Lithography

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Fuzzy-based processing of 3D information for items localization in the automated sorting of recyclable packaging

Fuzzy-based processing of 3D information for items localizat...

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IEEE International conference on Fuzzy systems (FUZZ-IEEE)

作者： R. Mattone G. Campagiorni A. Wolf Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica Università degli Studi Roma La Sapienza Rome Italy Fraunhofer Institut für Produktionstechnik und Automatisierung IPA Stuttgart Germany

In order to automate the sorting process that precedes the recycling of packaging material, it is necessary to solve the problem of localizing unknown items running on a moving conveyor belt. No a priori knowledge is available on the position and/or the geometrical or optical properties of the objects to be gripped. Furthermore, they are often in contact and/or overlapped. In this paper, we propose to use the height profile of the objects on the conveyor belt, sampled at fixed space intervals through a simple optical device (a source of structured light and a CCD camera), in conjunction with fuzzy techniques, in order to get a possible geometrical description of the items on the band and to allow the computation of the center point of each object as optimal gripping point. Experimental results confirm the validity of the approach.

关键词： Belts Sorting Recycling Packaging optical materials Geometrical optics optical devices Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors optical computing

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