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IEEE International conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： I. Ishii Y. Nakabo M. Ishikawa Department of Mathematical Engineering and Information Physics University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

Most conventional visual feedback systems using CCD camera are restricted by video rates and therefore cannot be adapted to the changing environment sufficiently quickly. To solve this problem we developed a 1 ms visual feedback system using a general purpose massively parallel processing vision system in which photo-detectors and processing elements are directly connected. For high speed visual feedback fast image processing algorithms are also required. In particular, the difference of images between frames is very small in our system because of its high speed frame rate. Using this feature, we can realize several image processing techniques by simpler algorithms. In this paper we propose a simple algorithm for target tracking using the feature of high speed vision, and realize target tracking on the 1 ms visual feedback system.

关键词： Target tracking Feedback Parallel processing Image processing Machine vision Actuators Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors Image sensors Sensor systems

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Monochromatic imaging to obtain spatial distributions of HID lamp radiating species

Monochromatic imaging to obtain spatial distributions of HID...

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IEEE International conference on Plasma Science (ICOPS)

作者： J.A. Olsen W.P. Moskowitz Osram Sylvania Inc Danvers MA US

Summary form only given, as follows. A method is presented for measuring the spatial distributions of emission coefficients of radiating species inside high intensity discharge (HID) lamps. Such distributions are useful for understanding the physical properties of the discharge and for predicting the distribution of color projected from optical systems. The image of the arc is projected through a monochromator onto a CCD array camera. The signal from the camera is captured and digitized. The images are then processed using two-dimensional signal processing techniques. The optical system is designed such that the image is a two-dimensional, projection of parallel rays through the arc. One or more projections can be used to tomographically reconstruct the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the radiating species. optically thin emission lines have been used to obtain quantitative information and optically thick lines have been used to obtain qualitative information. The motivation for developing this experimental technique is presented and the experimental shown. Details of the procedure used to process the data, calibrate the system, and to quantify systematic and random errors are given. Results from specific experiments are displayed.

关键词： High intensity discharge lamps optical signal processing Stimulated emission optical imaging Charge coupled devices Charge-coupled image sensors Cameras Array signal processing optical design Image reconstruction

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Intelligent optical backplanes

Intelligent optical backplanes

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IEEE International conference on Solid-State Circuits (ISSCC)

作者： H.S. Hinton K.E. Devenport D.V. Plant T.H. Szymanski University of Colorado Boulder CO USA McGill University Montreal QUE Canada

One of the practical limiting factors in the development and acceptance of teraflop multiprocessor computing systems (as well as large ATM switching systems) is packaging. Currently large systems, 64 processing nodes and above, can require multiple cabinets to house all their electronic equipment. This low-density packaging not only leads to expensive systems but also suffers from increased latency, skew, and other physical problems that limit overall performance. As thermal management schemes have progressed there is a growing trend to package more electronics into smaller physical volumes. The result is the integration of more processing nodes (PN) per integrated circuit, more PNs per printed circuit board (PCB), and more PCBs per shelf. This necessary hardware compression leads to an interconnect bottleneck at the backplane. One approach to overcome these interconnection limitations of electrical backplanes is to exploit the temporal and spatial bandwidth available with the free-space optical technology. A free-space optical backplane is composed of a large number of optically interconnected smart pixel arrays (SPAs). A smart pixel is an optoelectronic device that combines optical inputs and/or outputs with electronic processing circuitry, and is capable of being integrated into two-dimensional arrays. In an intelligent optical backplane, the SPAs control the flow of information between the PCBs.

关键词： Backplanes optical interconnections Electronic packaging thermal management optical arrays Packaging machines Integrated circuit interconnections Thermal management Smart pixels optical devices Asynchronous transfer mode

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Application of super high definition images in telepathology and teleradiology

Application of super high definition images in telepathology...

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IEEE conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： T. Fujii J. Suzuki I. Furukawa S. Ono T. Ashihara Y. Ando NTT Optical Network Systems Laboratories Yokosuka Japan Department of Pathology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan Department of Radiology School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan

This paper focuses on the digitization and networking of medical image information used within and among hospitals. We have targeted image information that demands the highest level of quality (radiological and pathological images) for application in medical diagnosis using super high definition (SHD) images, whose resolution is more than 2000/spl times/2000 pixels. To prove its quality and effectiveness, SHD image stations and a digital microscope are developed, and connected to an ATM network. With this networked SHD image system, all functions requested for medical information is really evaluated including, processing algorithms, coding algorithms, and transmission protocol.

关键词： Biomedical imaging Medical diagnostic imaging Hospitals Pathology Medical diagnosis Image resolution Pixel Microscopy Image coding Protocols

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A blind deconvolution algorithm for simultaneous image restoration and system characterisation

A blind deconvolution algorithm for simultaneous image resto...

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European Signal processing conference (EUSIPCO)

作者： M. Razaz D. Kampmann-Hudson School of Information Systems University of East Anglia Norwich UK

The restoration of a blurred image in a practical imaging system is critically dependent on the system point spread function. Measurement of the point spread function is often a difficult and time consuming process, and the measurement environment itself is somehow artificial. Also, it is frequently the case that an observed image and the point spread function are not measured simultaneously under the same conditions. An iterative blind deconvolution algorithm is presented here which is capable of restoring an image without the need for an exact estimate of the point spread function. The ideal image and the point spread function can be estimated simultaneously by imposing appropriate a priori constraints. Typical experimental results are presented and discussed.

关键词： Deconvolution Image restoration Signal processing algorithms optical imaging Nonlinear optics Fourier transforms

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A gesture controlled human interface using an artificial retina chip

A gesture controlled human interface using an artificial ret...

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IEEE Photonics conference (IPC)

作者： Y. Miyake W.T. Freeman J. Ohta K. Tanaka K. Kyuma Advanced Technology Research and Development Center Mitsubishi Electric Company Limited Amagasaki Hyogo Japan Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Inc. Cambridge MA USA

To realize advanced multi-media systems for use in computers, advanced home audio-visual equipment, games machines, public information systems, and so on, it is necessary to develop vision-based input methods, which do not require keyboards or joysticks. We have developed a flexible, high-speed and compact artificial retina (AR) chip module composed of an AR chip and a micro-processor for human interface systems. The AR chip is a novel type of CCD image sensor with versatile and high-speed on-chip processing capabilities. The features are suitable for human friendly input systems employing image information. We have also developed a unique gesture recognition algorithm, which is tailored for the AR chip. The gesture recognition system permits applications with gesture controlled human interfaces.

关键词： Humans Retina Electrodes Image processing Vectors Image recognition Charge coupled devices Multiplexing optical filters Photoconductivity

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A media maniac's answer to where storage will be in 2000

A media maniac's answer to where storage will be in 2000

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Biennial IEEE International conference on Nonvolatile Memory Technology

作者： L.S. Kempster IIT Research Institute Lanham MD USA

This paper is intended to help buyers invest in system components today even though they are faced with the absolute fact that many of these components will be outdated by 2000. A basic question is how many generations of drives and media will come to market in that period of time, and whether or not today's decision will be tomorrow's regret. Most people in the information technology industry recognize that data recorders and media change every 18 to 24 months. This impacts the user community because system upgradeability is a reality and has long been a major concern. One precaution a user can take is to have vendor assurance that as drive technologies change, the new systems will be able to read back at least two generations of media. Future generations of recording devices and media are in the laboratories today. If a user can project what kind of storage requirements he will have in the future, he should develop a business strategy centered on an awareness of the autoloader market, the future of recording technology, and the projected improvements in media capacity. This paper will focus on viable system components that should still be in place in 2000.

关键词： optical films Document image processing Costs Electric shock Computer displays Printers Image resolution optical buffering information technology Research and development

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Cambridge Studies in Modern Optics: Design Issues in optical processing

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Measurement Science and Technology 1996年第5期7卷

作者： J N Lee (ed)

This recent addition to the Cambridge Studies in Modern Optics series aims to present the characteristic engineering problems encountered in the design of electro-optical systems concerned with signal processing. It does this through the presentation of the work of six groups of workers in the field. The book provides a good insight into the general nature of the design problems of electro-optical systems through the presentation of specific problems and their resolutions. Chapter 1 deals with the design of coherent optical systems concerned with image processing (e.g. feature extraction using Fourier and Hough transforms). The design of the the system is shown to involve the characteristics of available optical devices, architectural considerations (e.g. of optical correlators) and the algorithms employed. Set against this scheme are the practical purposes for which the system is to be designed and constructed. The case study examined shows how novel algorithms can produce new architectures which, in turn, lead to new operations. The potential of optical processors lies in their analogue operation: noise is thus a problem. Chapter 2 is devoted to an analysis of noise in matrix - vector multipliers, from which design criteria for optical linear-algebra processors are derived. The theoretical work is then augmented by experimental work on different types of light-emitting devices. Measurements of the fluctuating light intensities emitted from a number of different light sources which were subjected to a range of systematically varied drive currents were carried out. By this means design trade-off information was obtained. Chapter 3 examines CAD techniques for use in the design of optical processors. Commercially available CAD packages are reviewed. Usually, the complexity is such that no single package can completely simulate the performance of a design; consequently, more than one CAD package is likely to be required for exacting designs. Additionally, packages are

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A NEURAL ARCHITECTURE FOR VISUAL information-processing

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER VISION 1995年第3期16卷 229-260页

作者： VONSEELEN, W BOHRER, S KOPECZ, J THEIMER, WM CVIS COMP VIS & AUTOMAT GMBH D-44799 BOCHUMGERMANY ZENTRUM NEUROINFORMAT D-44799 BOCHUMGERMANY

We report on the work done at the Institut fur Neuroinformatik in Bochum concerning the development of a neural architecture for the information processing of autonomous visually guided systems acting in a natural environment. Since biological systems like our brain are superior to artificial systems in solving such a task, we use findings from neurophysiology and -anatomy as well as psychophysics for defining processing principles and modules that have been implemented on our mobile platform MARVIN. MARVIN is equipped with an active stereo camera system. Our final objective is to define a neural instruction set for early information processing in the sense of a perception for action approach. From the biological paradigm we use principles like active vision, foveation, two-dimensional cortical layers, mapping, and discrete parametric representations in a task-oriented way to solve problems like obstacle avoidance, path planning, scene recognition, tracking, and 3D perception. This paper has the character of an overview of the work done in this field at our institute. Most of the modules presented here were published either in conference proceedings or in journals which will be referenced for a more thorough discussion of each issue.

关键词： optical-flow Obstacle detection Computation Cortex Stereo Maps Organization Perception Algorithm Filters information processing maps Psychophysics Organizations senses Obstacle detection Stereo cameras algorithms Optic Flow Filters Perception

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Digital signal processing algorithms for infra-red space interferometry

Digital signal processing algorithms for infra-red space int...

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conference on Geographic information systems, Photogrammetry, and Geological/Geophysical Remote Sensing

作者： Mantovani, PL Simonetti, G FranchettiRosada, A LABEN SPA I-20090 VIMODRONEITALY

ISBN: (纸本)0819419516

The new space missions, devoted to the study of the atmosphere, often rely on interferometric principles and to obtain data directly usable from the scientist it is necessary to perform plenty of heavy mathematical operations, whose on board implementation was unrealistic up to some years ago. This paper describes the algorithms selected to process the data coming from a Michelson-Morley interferometer working in the infrared spectrum and devoted to meteorological studies. Further a complete electrical design is presented together with results of a bread board. The obtained results confirm the design feasibility. The work was developed under Italian Space Agency (ASI) contract.

关键词： Digital signal processing Signal processing Computer simulations Interferometers Interferometry Data processing Fourier transforms Infrared radiation Linear filtering Telecommunications

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