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中国激光 2024年第21期51卷 35-49页

作者：黎昕然陈嘉杰王美婷郑晓敏杜鹏钟义立戴小祺屈军乐邵永红深圳大学物理与光电工程学院光电子器件与系统教育部/广东省重点实验室广东深圳518060 深圳大学医学部生物医学工程学院医学超声关键技术国家地方联合工程实验室广东省生物医学信息检测与超声成像重点实验室广东深圳518060

结构光照明显微成像(SIM)技术是一种在超分辨显微成像领域极具代表性的技术。尽管结构光照明能够提升空间分辨率,但其在实现超分辨过程中需要采集多幅图像,而且,诸如样本厚度不一、结构光平移的系统误差及环境噪声等因素均可能会对SIM... 详细信息

结构光照明显微成像(SIM)技术是一种在超分辨显微成像领域极具代表性的技术。尽管结构光照明能够提升空间分辨率,但其在实现超分辨过程中需要采集多幅图像,而且,诸如样本厚度不一、结构光平移的系统误差及环境噪声等因素均可能会对SIM成像质量产生影响。为解决这些问题,神经网络技术被引入SIM图像处理中。目前,常用的算法模型有卷积神经网络(CNN)及其变体以及生成对抗网络(GAN),它们通过训练样本来分析和纠正上述系统误差,提高时间分辨率,实现快速超分辨成像。据查,目前尚未有文章对于基于深度学习算法的结构光照明显微技术进行综合分析。鉴于此,本文介绍了SIM的基础原理并分析了深度学习算法近年来在提高SIM系统性能方面的应用,并对SIM技术未来的发展方向和面临的挑战进行了前瞻性探讨。

关键词：结构化照明显微系统卷积神经网络超分辨显微成像图像处理

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Deep learning methods for point-of-care ultrasound examination

Deep learning methods for point-of-care ultrasound examinati...

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International IEEE conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System

作者： Giacomo Ignesti Chiara Deri Gennaro D’Angelo Lorenza Pratali Antonio Bruno Antonio Benassi Ovidio Salvetti Davide Moroni Massimo Martinelli Institute of Information Science and Technologies National Research Council of Italy Pisa Italy Department of Computer Science University of Pisa Pisa Italy Institute of Clinical Physiology National Research Council of Italy Pisa Italy

Point-of-care Test (POCT) is the delivery of medical care at or near the patient’s bedside. Primarily employed in emergencies, where rapid diagnosis and treatment are critical, POCT is now being used in domestic telehealth solutions, as in the TiAssisto project, thanks to technological advances such as the development of portable and affordable devices, high-speed Internet connections, video conferencing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Ultrasound (US) images of internal organs and structures are valuable tools in POCT medicine since this examination is portable, quick, and cost-effective. USs can help diagnose different conditions, including heart problems, abdominal pain, and pneumonia. Deep learning algorithms have proven to be highly effective in image recognition, enabling physicians to make informed decisions on-site. This article presents a pipeline approach providing remarkable and reliable results to handle point-of-care ultrasound examinations, making use of methods for: a) automating text cleaning for privacy based on an optical Character Recognition (OCR) algorithm; b) scrolling through the video frames and annotating them using an ad hoc implemented tool; c) classifying various signs in US using a state of the art deep learning algorithm, that is an adaptive efficient method ensembling two EfficientNet-b0 weak models; d) benchmarking medical plausibility to address transparency and human in the loop setting using a post hoc explanation visual explanation method, i.e. *** involved physician’s feedback remarks that this system can detect important signs in pulmonary US imaging. However, the dataset is not yet the final one since the TiAssisto project is still ongoing, with a planned conclusion in February 2024. Our ultimate goal is not merely to develop a classification system but to create an effective healthcare support system that can be used beyond primary healthcare facilities.

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A 0.06-mm2 Current-Mode Noise-Shaping SAR based Temperature-to-Digital Converter with a 4.9-nJ Energy/Conversion

A 0.06-mm2 Current-Mode Noise-Shaping SAR based Temperature-...

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Custom Integrated Circuits conference (CICC)

作者： Antonio Aprile Michele Folz Daniele Gardino Piero Malcovati Edoardo Bonizzoni University of Pavia Pavia Italy TDK InvenSense Assago Italy

MEMS accelerometers and gyroscopes employed in state-of-the-art battery-supplied motion sensing systems require ultra-low energyper-conversion (<10nJ) digital temperature data to compensate for the thermal drift of their sensed quantities. Furthermore, in order to meet the increasingly stringent demands of the market, the cost-effectiveness of these devices should be ensured by compact temperature compensation solutions (<0.1 mm2), referred to as Temperature-to-Digital Converters (TDCs). Taking the moderate accuracy requirements (<2%) for the considered application into account, BJT-based sensors are a good option for the analog part of the TDC, since their low-cost 1 -pt calibration is sufficient [1] –[3]; moreover, considering that also the resolution requirements are moderate (<200mK), with the goal of minimizing the TDC conversion energy, a SAR-based architecture to perform the analog-to-digital conversion is undoubtedly the best approach [4] –[6]. In this paper we introduce a Noise Shaping (NS) SAR based TDC with a resolution refining process exploiting an error-feedback approach; the sensor, equipped with an NPN-based bipolar core, has been completely designed in the current domain, feature that allows opamp-less signal processing. A block diagram of the proposed NSSAR based TDC is shown in Fig. 1. The BJT Core is composed by proportional and complementary to-absolute-temperature (PTAT and CTAT) current sources, which generate the signals needed for the temperature-to-digital conversion ($\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{P}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{A}\mathrm{T}}$, IREF* and IREF = IPTATI + ICTATI) [4]. These signals are delivered to the Current-Mode NS-SAR by means of three interface circuits, an n-type current mirror and two current buffers. IPTAT contains the temperature information to be converted while IREF**, a replica of IREF*, is provided as a reference signal to a binary p-type 4-bit current steering DAC, which scales it sequentially according to a successive approximation

关键词： Temperature sensors Temperature distribution Energy resolution Refining Signal processing algorithms Sensors Noise shaping

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Experimental anonymous conference key agreement using linear cluster states

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Physical Review Research 2023年第3期5卷 033222-033222页

作者： Lukas Rückle Jakob Budde Jarn de Jong Frederik Hahn Anna Pappa Stefanie Barz Institute for Functional Matter and Quantum Technologies Universität Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany Center for Integrated Quantum Science and Technology (IQST) Universität Stuttgart 70569 Stuttgart Germany Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department Technische Universität Berlin 10587 Berlin Germany Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems Freie Universität Berlin 14195 Berlin Germany Fraunhofer-Institute for Open Communication Systems FOKUS 10589 Berlin Germany

Multipartite entanglement enables secure and anonymous key exchange between multiple parties in a network. Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states have been introduced as resource states for anonymous key exchange protocols, in which an anonymous subset of parties within a larger network establishes a secret key. However, the use of other types of multipartite entanglement for such protocols remains relatively unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that linear cluster states can serve as a versatile and potentially scalable resource in such applications. We implemented an anonymous key exchange protocol with four photons in a linear cluster state and established a shared key between three parties in our network. We show how to optimize the protocol parameters to account for noise and to maximize the finite key rate under realistic conditions. As cluster states have been established as a flexible resource in quantum computation, we expect that our demonstration provides a first step towards their hybrid use for networked computing and communication.

关键词： optical quantum information processing Quantum communication Quantum networks Quantum optics

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User-Centric Drink Customization with Cloud-Powered Collaborative Filtering with Raspberry Pi Integration

User-Centric Drink Customization with Cloud-Powered Collabor...

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International conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (ICRITO) (Trends and Future Directions)

作者： S Gowriswari S Shafla Fathima D. Antony Joseph Rajan N. Mohankumar V. Sasirekha M. Rajmohan Department of Instrumentation and Communication Engineering Sri Sairam Engineering College Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Information Technology B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering B.V. Raju Institute of Technology Telangana India Faculty of Management Studies SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Tamil Nadu India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (数字)9798350350357

ISBN: (纸本)9798350350364

This paper proposes an approach for user-centric drink customization by combining Raspberry Pi technology with cloud-powered collaborative filtering. By using collaborative filtering algorithms housed in cloud architecture, the proposed solution seeks to improve the beverage customization experience. A specialized Raspberry Pi interface allows users to input their preferences and comments, which are automatically included in the collaborative filtering mechanism. With the help of this cloud-based system, user data can be processed and analyzed in real time, enabling personalized drink suggestions. Adding Raspberry Pi devices to a system makes it more responsive and makes data processing more localized, which is great for users. The combination of Raspberry Pi with cloud-powered collaborative filtering shows that it can provide a highly customized and adaptable drink experience. This study adds to the growing body of knowledge in cloud-based collaborative filtering and Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and it provides a potential way to improve customer happiness in the beverage business.

关键词： Cloud computing Collaborative filtering Predictive models Market research Data processing Real-time systems Reliability

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Non-invasive modeling of heart rate and blood pressure from a photoplethysmography by using machine learning techniques

Non-invasive modeling of heart rate and blood pressure from ...

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International Communication systems and Networks and Workshops, COMSNETS

作者： Govinda Rao Nidigattu Govardhan Mattela Sayan Jana Redpine Signals Inc. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Hyderabad India

ISBN: (数字)9781728131870

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131887

Cardiovascular diseases(CVD) is one of the major causes of deaths in the world, which may damage the endothelium cells which may lead to atherosclerosis and cardiac arrhythmias. Blood pressure is an important parameter and indicator in cardiovascular disease, patients with CVD who have multiple risk factors such as hypertension, stress, and obesity have been increasing. Therefore, it is important in the field of cardiovascular disease prevention to predict those at risk of cardiovascular diseases in the general population. Electrocardiogram is not suitable for wearable devices and PPG is a non-invasive, inexpensive, and convenient diagnostic tool for monitoring of heart and blood pressure. Here, we present a PPG (photoplethysmography) based non-invasive detection of heart rate and blood pressure, containing 1260 segments from 140 subjects an age range of 20 - 50 years. Data acquisition was carried out using the standard operating procedures. The present study investigates the photoplethysmography signal filtering of various noise removal, extraction of PPG morphological features and its derivatives which contain a blood circulatory system information, and finally derived forty five diagnostic engineered features. A novel signal processing technique was applied to extract salient pulse wave for heart rate and blood pressure detection. The subset of optimal features was extracted using feature extraction methods in relation to the physiology of heart rate and blood pressure processes. Prediction of heart rate, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure with the root mean squared error (RMSE) of 4.3 beats per minute, 5.7 mmHg and 5.5 mmHg between Sphygmomanometer and PPG from 10-fold cross-validation method.

关键词： Blood pressure Biomedical monitoring Feature extraction Heart rate Estimation Signal processing algorithms Band-pass filters

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Tracking quantum coherence in polariton condensates with time-resolved tomography

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lüders, Carolin Pukrop, Matthias Barkhausen, Franziska Rozas, Elena Schneider, Christian Höfling, Sven Sperling, Jan Schumacher, Stefan Aßmann, Marc Experimentelle Physik 2 Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Universität Paderborn Paderborn33098 Germany Institute of Physics University of Oldenburg OldenburgD-26129 Germany Technische Physik Physikalisches Institut and Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat Universität Würzburg Würzburg97074 Germany Paderborn University Warburger Straße 100 Paderborn33098 Germany Wyant College of Optical Sciences University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

Long-term quantum coherence constitutes one of the main challenges when engineering quantum devices. However, easily accessible means to quantify complex decoherence mechanisms are not readily available, nor are sufficiently stable systems. We harness novel phase-space methods—expressed through non-Gaussian convolutions of highly singular Glauber–Sudarshan quasiprobabilities—to dynamically monitor quantum coherence in polariton condensates with significantly enhanced coherence times. Via intensity- and time-resolved reconstructions of such phase-space functions from homodyne detection data, we probe the systems’s resourcefulness for quantum information processing up to the nanosecond regime. Our experimental findings are confirmed through numerical simulations for which we develop an approach that renders established algorithms compatible with our methodology. In contrast to commonly applied phase-space functions, our distributions can be directly sampled from measured data, including uncertainties, and yield a simple operational measure of quantum coherence via the distribution’s variance in phase. Therefore, we present a broadly applicable framework and a platform to explore time-dependent quantum phenomena and resources. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase space methods

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Despite the ongoing pandemic, OSA staff, topical editors, and reviewers maintain JOSA B's high standards: editorial

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JOURNAL OF THE optical SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-optical PHYSICS 2021年第5期38卷 ED1-ED2页

作者： Busch, Kurt Humboldt Univ Berlin Germany

关键词： Coherent communications Photonic crystal fibers Quantum communications Quantum cryptography Quantum information processing Quantum optics

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Toward a Room-Temperature Fully-Integrated Photonic Quantum Simulator

Toward a Room-Temperature Fully-Integrated Photonic Quantum ...

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Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), IEEE International conference on

作者： Matteo Sanna Alessio Baldazzi Nicolo Broseghini Gioele Piccoli Martino Bernard Fabio Acerbi Georg Pucker Stefano Azzini Mher Ghulinyan Lorenzo Pavesi Department of Physics University of Trento Trento Italy Center for Sensors and Devices Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798331541378

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541385

Quantum simulators are controllable quantum sys-tems that can be used to reproduce the states and the dynamics of other quantum systems object of study. The ease to manipulate single photons on a chip at room temperature without deco-herence issues has made integrated photonics one of the most viable technologies for processing quantum information. Many demonstrations have been reported over the past fifteen years, included the simulation of complex and many-body interactions. Combining quantum light sources, reconfigurable circuits and high-efficiency single-photon detectors together on a single chip is an extremely challenging goal, still taking a lot of scientific and technological efforts worldwide. Here, we report emergent results along this direction. On a silicon nitride photonic platform, we separately show a source of photon pairs based on a microring, high-performance wavelength filters based on Mach-Zehnder in-terferometers and silicon single-photon avalanche diodes directly coupled to the photonic waveguides. The demonstration of these fundamental building blocks represents a starting point for the realization of a photonic quantum simulator operated entirely on a single chip working at room temperature.

关键词： Q measurement Filters Quantum computing Power measurement optical resonators Silicon nitride Silicon Automobiles Photonics Single-photon avalanche diodes

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AEKA: FPGA Implementation of Area-Efficient Karatsuba Accelerator for Ring-Binary-LWE-based Lightweight PQC

AEKA: FPGA Implementation of Area-Efficient Karatsuba Accele...

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IEEE International conference on Field-Programmable Technology (FPT)

作者： Tianyou Bao Pengzhou He Jiafeng Xie H S. Jacinto Villanova University USA Air Force Research Lab Information Directorate USA

Lightweight PQC-related research and development have gradually gained attention from the research community recently. Ring-Binary-Learning-with-Errors (RBLWE)-based encryption scheme (RBLWE-ENC), a promising lightweight PQC based on small parameter sets to fit related applications (but not in favor of deploying popular fast algorithms like number theoretic transform). To solve this problem, in this paper, we present a novel implementation of hardware acceleration for RBLWE-ENC based on Karatsuba algorithm, particularly on the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platform. In detail, we have proposed an area-efficient Karatsuba Accelerator (AEKA) for RBLWE-ENC, based on three layers of innovative efforts. First of all, we reformulate the signal processing sequence within the major arithmetic component of the KA-based polynomial multiplication for RBLWE-ENC to obtain a new algorithm. Then, we have designed the proposed algorithm into a new hardware accelerator with several novel algorithm-to-architecture mapping techniques. Finally, we have conducted thorough complexity analysis and comparison to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed accelerator, e.g., it involves 62.5% higher throughput and 60.2% less area-delay product (ADP) than the state-of-the-art design for n=512 (Virtex-7 device, similar setup). The proposed AEKA design strategy is highly efficient on the FPGA devices, i.e., small resource usage with superior timing, which can be integrated with other necessary systems for lightweight-oriented high-performance applications (e.g., servers). The outcome of this work is also expected to generate impacts for lightweight PQC advancement.

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