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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Algorithms and Systems for Optical Information Processing VI"

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BAYESIAN IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION WITH VARIABLE BALANCING PARAMETER 8

BAYESIAN IMAGE-RECONSTRUCTION WITH VARIABLE BALANCING PARAME...

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8th SPIE conference on Instrumentation in Astronomy

作者： NUNEZ, J LLACER, J UNIV BARCELONA DEPT ASTRON & METEOROLE-08028 BARCELONASPAIN

ISBN: (纸本)081941493X

This paper describes the Bayesian image reconstruction algorithm with entropy prior with space variant hyperparameter. The spatial variation of the hyperparameter allows different degrees of resolution in areas of high and low signal/noise ratio, thus avoiding the large residuals present in algorithms that use a constant balancing parameter. The space variant hyperparameter determines the relative weight between the prior information and the likelihood defining the degree of smoothness of the solution. To compute the variable hyperparameter we used a segmentation technique based on artificial neural networks of the Self- Organizing Map type. Using this technique we segmented the image in 25 regions and computed a different value of the hyperparameter for each one. We applied the method to the Hubble Space Telescope Cameras and to ground based CCD data.

关键词： Image segmentation Reconstruction algorithms Image processing algorithms and systems Stars Expectation maximization algorithms Image restoration Algorithm development Point spread functions Artificial neural networks Cameras

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MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING USE OF DATA MANAGEMENT TO ANALYZE AND CONTROL STEPPER PERFORMANCE IN EXISTING FABS AND ON STEPPER EVALUATIONS FOR NEW TOOLS 7

MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING USE OF DATA MANAGEMENT TO ANALYZE ...

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optical/Laser Microlithography viI conference

作者： ACKMANN, P BROWN, S EDWARDS, R OSHELSKI, S ADV MICRO DEVICES INC AUSTINTX 78741

ISBN: (纸本)0819414921

This paper describes the program used to improve data collection and analysis methods in a sub-micron manufacturing environment to control photolithography steppers. The program provides any user a standard method for analysis. The benefits of this methodology are a reduction in analysis time, uniform analysis by use of similar algorithms, and the reduction in the use of multiple database programs. The program's outputs include customized reports, focus exposure curves, data tables, and SPC charts. By storing all information, historical data can be accessible in these output forms. This paper briefly explains the medium used to transfer the data from the stepper and metrology systems. Explanation of the use and results of the on-line data analysis program and examples of the program's output are also given. The program was developed to support manufacturing from 0.8 micrometers to 0.35 micrometers i-line production. The authors feel the programs are flexible enough to add more outputs for different technologies.

关键词： Manufacturing Semiconducting wafers Control systems Databases Metrology Process control Statistical analysis Data analysis Photoresist processing Printing

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COMBINED MOTION AND DEPTH ESTIMATION BASED ON MULTIOCULAR IMAGE SEQUENCES FOR 3DTV

COMBINED MOTION AND DEPTH ESTIMATION BASED ON MULTIOCULAR IM...

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conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications V/conference on the Engineering Reality of virtual Reality

作者： SKERJANC, R HEINRICH HERTZ INST GMBH D-10587 BERLINGERMANY

ISBN: (纸本)0819414727

This paper describes a new robust stereo and motion analysis algorithm to meet the special demands of a multiview 3D TV system. Based on this algorithm, images can be synthesized for any virtual camera position within the array covered by the real cameras. It is possible to create any number of perspective views needed for smooth motion parallax in multiview systems. For the reconstruction of a scene, 3D line segments are estimated by triangulation of corresponding 2D line segments (disparity estimation). This estimation of 3D segments is carried out more dependably by the combination of stereo and motion information and -- to achieve further improvements -- the utilization of multiocular stereo. New measures for a more reliable estimation of the scene are proposed. To achieve subjectively error-free estimations, Prazdny's coherence principle is extended to motion and image sequences as well as sub-constellations of the multi-camera rig. This algorithm comes up with a 4D space-time model of the scene by the cooperation of multi-camera motion and stereo.

关键词： Cameras 3D modeling Motion models Motion estimation Image segmentation Error analysis Motion analysis Coherence (optics) 3D image processing Reconstruction algorithms

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SIGNAL-processing RESULTS OF A SURVEILLANCE RADAR HEIGHT-FINDING EXPERIMENT

SIGNAL-PROCESSING RESULTS OF A SURVEILLANCE RADAR HEIGHT-FIN...

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conference on Aerial Surveillance Sensing Including Obscured and Underground Object Detection

作者： VERTATSCHITSCH, EJ BAKER, JB BULL, JG MICHELS, JM RAY, GA BOEING CO DEF & SPACE GRPSEATTLEWA 98124

ISBN: (纸本)0819415219

Many radar systems need to be able to accurately determine a target's height above terrain. In airborne early warning (AEW) systems, the radar antenna is limited in its vertical aperture, thus producing a broad beamwidth in elevation. This reduces its curacy for height fmding. An alternate method of height fmding is to measure the delay of a ground-bounce (multipath) signal from the target, referenced to the direct line of sight path. This has been demonstrated successfully with AEW radars which operate over water in certain situations, but has had limited success over land. The problem has been the lack of an accurate, robust signal processing algorithm for determining the time delay between closely spaced direct and ground bounce returns. Our basic objective was to make credible the premise that an airborne AEW radar can accurately determine height of targets by processing the delayed echo due to the multipath ground bounce. Current AEW systems use this technique, but in a limited way -usually only over water, where the surface reflection is strong and predictable and when it is well separated from the direct reflection. It has been recognized for some time that land also can cause multipath reflections, but due to its irregular nature, this technique has not been exploited thoroughly. Therefore, our objectives were to show height finding can be done accurately when the direct pulse overlaps the specular return (over water or land). The signal processing problem is essentially one of performing time-of-arrival estimation of two or more pulse returns; the direct plus one or more ground bounce echoes. For typical AEW scenarios, the echoes may overlap the direct return and are usually of lower amplitude. Therefore, the algorithm must make use of the maximum information content of the signal and should have as low a threshold signal to noise ratio as possible in order to apply in the greatest number of conditions. This problem will also occur in laser radar systems, a

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Radar Signal processing Doppler effect Detection and tracking algorithms Reflection Surveillance Signal detection Target detection Antennas

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HIGH SPEED FRINGE ANALYSIS METHOD USING FREQUENCY DEMODULATION TECHNOLOGY

HIGH SPEED FRINGE ANALYSIS METHOD USING FREQUENCY DEMODULATI...

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Interferometry 94 - New Techniques and Analysis in optical Measurements conference

作者： ARAI, Y YOKOZEKI, S YAMADA, T KANSAI UNIV FAC ENGNDEPT MECH ENGNSUITAOSAKA 564JAPAN

ISBN: (纸本)0819416738

Interferometer fringe pattern analysis is a very precise measuring method. However, this analysis method has not received significant attention in industry as a result of the long calculation time for an operation. The majority of conventional computer analysis methods process an image in the spatial domain using sophisticated algorithms. A new time domain fringe analysis technique is discussed in this paper. Until fringe analysis data can be processed at high speeds using parallel picture processing systems, fringe analysis in the spatial domain is not practical. In order to reduce the calculation time, the fringes imaged on CCD sensor are processed as analog data in the time domain in this paper. The fringes are spatial information on a CCD sensor. The fringes on the CCD sensor are converted to a synchronous electrical signal by the CCD driving clock pulse. The analog signal, which corresponds to the fringes on the CCD sensor, is analyzed using an electrical circuit. The time-instantaneous frequency and phase of the fringes are detected by frequency-demodulating and integrating the signal, respectively. This proposed system can perform high speed fringe analysis operations in 10 msec a line of CCD. The experimental results show that the new fringe analysis is a very high speed processing method and equally as accurate as the FFT method and the fringe scanning method. It is likely that this new fringe analysis method will be a very useful technique for interferometric fringe analysis requirement in industry.

关键词： Fringe analysis Charge-coupled devices Image processing CCD image sensors Data processing Demodulation Analog electronics Interferometers Clocks Signal processing

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ATTITUDE-CONTROL AND TRAJECTORY ESTIMATION FOR THE HIGH-ALTITUDE BALLOON EXPERIMENT

ATTITUDE-CONTROL AND TRAJECTORY ESTIMATION FOR THE HIGH-ALTI...

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conference on Acquisition, Tracking, and Pointing viII

作者： SCHULTHESS, M BAUGH, S USAF PHILLIPS LABKIRTLAND AFBNM 87117

ISBN: (纸本)0819415251

This paper presents the design of high altitude balloon experiment (HABE) attitude determination and control architecture. Inertial pointing forms the foundation of the HABE tracking system where the precise attitude control system is required to ensure target acquisition. The basic concept involves constructing an inertial line of sight (LOS) vector with target and HABE trajectory measurements and controlling the gimbal attitude to create a parallel LOS. algorithms are developed incorporating the gimbal dynamics and inertial sensor information to optimize the pointing control system's flexibility and accuracy. Coordinate transformations between inertial, sensor, and vehicle frames intensify the complexities in realizing the pointing control system design. Kalman filtering is incorporated, providing trajectory prediction and compensating measurements for extraneous noise and latencies. The complete architecture of the pointing control system is analyzed with both frequency domain models and time domain simulation to characterize performance predictions.

关键词： Control systems Gyroscopes Sensors Control systems design Filtering (signal processing) Algorithm development Calibration Radar Detection and tracking algorithms Target acquisition

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Lossless acceleration for correlation-based nearest-neighbor pattern recognition

Lossless acceleration for correlation-based nearest-neighbor...

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International conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： H. Avi-Itzhak T. Diep Canon Research Center America Inc. Palo Alto CA USA Information Systems Laboratory University of Stanford Stanford CA USA

This paper presents four lossless acceleration algorithms for a special type of nearest-neighbor pattern recognition whereby correlation functions are used. The algorithms are called template stopping, template ordering, pixel stopping, and pixel ordering. All four algorithms may be used either independently or simultaneously to accelerate the nearest-neighbor search without incurring any loss to accuracy. To illustrate their usefulness, all four algorithms are demonstrated on an optical character recognition system.

关键词： Acceleration Pattern recognition Nearest neighbor searches Frequency optical losses optical character recognition software Character recognition Euclidean distance Statistics information systems

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Pipelined microprocessor-based architecture: on-the-fly processing

Pipelined microprocessor-based architecture: on-the-fly proc...

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International conference on Massively Parallel Computing systems

作者： A. Bellaachia S.Y. Berkovich A.M. Meltzer Z. Kitov Department of Computer Science Qatar University Doha Qatar Department of EE & CS George Washington University Washington D.C. DC USA

This paper presents a new pipelined microprocessor-based architecture (PMA) using On-The Fly processing. The effectiveness of the PMA has been investigated for several applications such as database operations and very large databases using WORM (Write-Once-Read-Many) optical disk technology. In this paper, a pipelined information retrieval algorithm and a pipelined join algorithm are presented and their complexities are analyzed. Extensive simulations of these algorithms have been conducted on an emulated PMA on an AT&T parallel machine. Parallel implementations of these algorithms have been also considered for comparison purposes.< >

关键词： Pipelines Parallel machines Microprocessors Application software Switches Databases Computer security information retrieval optical filters Performance analysis

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IEEE International conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： F. Schwenker H.A. Kestler G. Palm M. Hoher Department of Neural Information Processing University of Ulm (EBS) Ulm Germany Department of Medicine II University of Ulm (EBS) Ulm Germany

In this paper algorithms for neural network training are described. We discuss the apparent similarities of LVQ and RBF classification which motivate us to combine the two approaches. The resulting algorithm is then t... 详细信息

关键词： Neurons Prototypes Neural networks Artificial neural networks Cardiography Testing Feedforward neural networks Phase estimation Biomedical optical imaging Cognition

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Parallel processing systems for passive ranging during helicopter flight

Parallel processing systems for passive ranging during helic...

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IEEE conference on Control Technology and Applications (CCTA)

作者： Sridhar Suorsa NASA Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA USA

Images from an electro-optical sensor provide a covert way of detecting objects in the flight path of a low-flying helicopter. Passive ranging consists of processing a sequence of images using techniques based on optical flow computation and recursive estimation. The passive ranging algorithm has to extract obstacle information from imagery at rates varying from five to thirty or more frames per second depending on the helicopter speed. We have implemented and tested the passive ranging algorithm off-line using helicopter-collected images. However, the real-time data and computational requirements of the algorithm are beyond the capability of any off-the-shell microprocessor or digital signal processor. This paper describes the computational requirements of the algorithm and uses parallel processing technology to meet these requirements. Various issues in the selection of a parallel processing architecture are discussed and four different computer architectures are evaluated regarding their suitability to process the algorithm in real-time.< >

关键词： Helicopter control Machine vision Parallel architectures Parallel processing Image sequence analysis Parallel algorithms

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