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Automatic optic disc detection in digital fundus images using image processing techniques

Automatic optic disc detection in digital fundus images usin...

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International conference on information Communication and Embedded systems (ICICES)

作者： Snehal B. Akhade V. U. Deshmukh S. B. Deosarkar Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering VPCOE Baramati (University of Pune) Baramati India

Optic disc (OD) is an important part of the eye. In developing systems, automatic OD detection is an important step for automated diagnosis of various serious ophthalmic diseases like Diabetic retinopathy, Glaucoma and hypertension, etc. The variation of intensity within the OD and intensities close to the OD boundary are the major hurdle in automated OD detection. General edge detection algorithms are frequently unsuccessful to segment the OD because of this. Complexity increases due to the presence of blood vessels. This paper presents a simple method for OD segmentation by using techniques like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Mathematical Morphology and Circular Hough Transform. PCA used for good presentation of the input image and mathematical morphology is used to remove blood vessels from the image. Circular Hough Transform is used for boundary segmentation.

关键词： Image segmentation optical imaging optical filters Integrated optics Principal component analysis Blood vessels Biomedical imaging

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Modified CMA based blind equalization and carrier-phase recovery in PDM-QPSK coherent optical receivers

Modified CMA based blind equalization and carrier-phase reco...

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International conference on Computer and information Technology (ICCIT)

作者： Md. Saifuddin Faruk Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Dhaka University of Engineering and Technology Gazipur Bangladesh

Digital coherent optical receivers enable equalization of fiber transmission impairments and carrier-phase estimation in digital domain. In this paper, a novel equalization and carrier-phase recovery algorithm, both based on modified constant-modulus algorithm (CMA), is proposed for polarization-division multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying (PDM-QPSK) systems. The proposed scheme is validated with 40-Gbits/s PDM-QPSK transmission experiments.

关键词： optical receivers Blind equalizers Signal processing algorithms Estimation Demultiplexing

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Blind Adaptive Polarization Demultiplexing in Coherent PDM QAM systems

Blind Adaptive Polarization Demultiplexing in Coherent PDM Q...

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Frontiers of information Technology (FIT)

作者： Shafayat Abrar Azzedine Zerguine Asoke K. Nandi Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Islamabad Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Brunel University Uxbridge UK

Polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) has emerged as a promising technique for increasing data rates without increasing symbol rates. However, the distortion effects of the fiber transmission medium poses severe barriers for the implementation of this technological alternative. Especially, due to the fiber-induced polarization fluctuation orthogonally transmitted PDM signals are mixed at the receiver input. Therefore, a receiver compensation structure needs to be implemented to recover the original orthogonal transmitted components from their mixtures at the end of the fiber channel. This is in fact the focus of this article where a receiver algorithm is based on a recently proposed minimum entropy equalization scheme exploiting the maximization of (an enhanced) energy cost function subject to the magnitude boundedness of (incoming) digital communication signals. Through the use of this scheme, new receiver algorithms for recovering the original polarization signals in an adaptive manner are proposed. The key feature of these algorithms is that they can achieve high equalization performance while maintaining the algorithmic complexity in a fairly low level that is suitable for implementation in optical fiber communication receivers. The performance of these algorithms for a square-QAM based coherent polarization division multiplexed system are illustrated through some simulation examples.

关键词： Signal processing algorithms Signal to noise ratio Convergence Demultiplexing optical receivers

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Compact optical sensing systems

Compact optical sensing systems

引用

Device Research conference

作者： Noble Johnson PARC a Xerox Company Palo Alto CA

Optoelectronic devices and techniques are major enablers of compact sensing systems for a wide range of applications that address medical, industrial, civil, defense, and consumer needs. Our vision is to miniaturize devices and systems while enhancing functionality and accessibility. Many challenges confront this endeavor, for example, the size and cost of existing components, need for continuous detection, low light intensities that result from small sensing volume and weak light-target interaction, and detection in complex fluids. Our general strategy is to identify the specific information required for the application, incorporate signal processing (electronics & software) to reduce complexity and cost of the optoelectronic subsystems, improve signal-to-noise discrimination, and integrate all components. Two technologies will be described to illustrate our approach. The first is a compact, low-cost wavelength monitor. The innovation will be illustrated with two examples: (1) precise measurement of the wavelength of individual laser pulses, for applications such as LIDAR, and (2) an optically-based monitoring system prototype targeting batteries for electric vehicles. The system will combine fiber optic sensors embedded inside lithium-ion battery cells with the wavelength-shift detector and intelligent algorithms to measure parameters indicative of cell state and enable responsive real-time performance management. The second technology is a miniaturized opto-fluidic system for on-the-flow analyte characterization. The enabling innovation is termed “spatially modulated emission” and uses signal processing (via electronics & software) to reduce complexity and cost of the optical detection subsystem while maintaining high performance. The technique will be illustrated with CD4% counting in whole blood and pathogen detection in water.

关键词： Monitoring optical variables measurement optical fiber sensors Signal processing Software

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Periodicity Detection in Lifelog Data with Missing and Irregularly Sampled Data

Periodicity Detection in Lifelog Data with Missing and Irreg...

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IEEE International conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine

作者： Feiyan Hu Alan F. Smeaton Eamonn Newman Insight Centre for Data Analytics Dublin City University

ISBN: (纸本)9781479956708

Lifelogging is the ambient, continuous digital recording of a person's everyday activities for a variety of possible applications. Much of the work to date in lifelogging has focused on developing sensors, capturing information, processing it into events and then supporting event-based access to the lifelog for applications like memory recall, behaviour analysis or similar. With the recent arrival of aggregating platforms such as Apple's HealthKit, Microsoft's HealthVault and Google's Fit, we are now able to collect and aggregate data from lifelog sensors, to centralize the management of data and in particular to search for and detect patterns of usage for individuals and across populations. In this paper, we present a framework that detects both low-level and high-level periodicity in lifelog data, detecting hidden patterns of which users would not otherwise be aware. We detect periodicities of time series using a combination of correlograms and periodograms, using various signal processing algorithms. Periodicity detection in lifelogs is particularly challenging because the lifelog data itself is not always continuous and can have gaps as users may use their lifelog devices intermittingly. To illustrate that periodicity can be detected from such data, we apply periodicity detection on three lifelog datasets with varying levels of completeness and accuracy.

关键词： biomedical optical imaging image sensors medical signal processing sampled data systems signal sampling sleep time series Apple's HealthKit Google's Fit Microsoft's HealthVault aggregate data collection aggregating platforms ambient continuous digital recording behaviour analysis correlograms data management event-based access hidden pattern detection high-level periodicity information capturing information processing irregularly sampled data lifelog data lifelog datasets lifelog devices lifelog sensors low-level periodicity memory recall missing sampled data periodicity detection periodograms person everyday activities signal processing algorithms wearable cameras Correlation Data visualization Discrete Fourier transforms Mood Semantics Sensors Time series analysis memory recalled Signal processing algorithms Data sampling sampled data system Biomedical optical imaging discrete Fourier transform Time series signal sampling medical signal processing information processing Data visualisation Sensors (image) Periodicity time series analysis Data management

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Time-reversal with limited signature precision: Tradeoff between complexity and performance

Time-reversal with limited signature precision: Tradeoff bet...

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IEEE Global conference on Signal and information processing (GlobalSIP)

作者： Yi Han Yan Chen K. J. Ray Liu Origin Wireless Communications Inc. MD USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Maryland MD USA Origin Wireless Communications Inc. College Park MD 20742 USA

The success of time-reversal (TR) technique relies on the design of TR signature from the multi-path profile. In practice, the signature is of limited precision instead of being infinite due to the finite resolution in hardware. Such limited signature precision will degrade the TR focusing effect and thus the system performance. Although several works have been proposed to study the performance of TR system with one-bit signature, a general relation between the resolution of signature and the system performance has not been established to answer the question: how many bits are needed for TR systems to achieve desirable system performance? In the paper, we address the question by studying the TR system with limited signature precision. We derive theoretically the relationship between the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and the quantization step. Through simulations, we find that for a typical TR system, 4-bit resolution for the signature is good enough to achieve good system performance.

关键词： Signal processing optical sensors Hardware Signal processing algorithms

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Upgrade of the ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger

Upgrade of the ATLAS Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger

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IEEE NPSS conference on Real Time

作者： Martin Wessels Ruprecht Karls Universitat Heidelberg Heidelberg Baden-WÃ¼rttemberg DE

The Level-1 Calorimeter Trigger (L1Calo) of the ATLAS experiment has been operating well since the start of LHC data taking, and played a major role in the Higgs boson discovery. To face the new challenges posed by the upcoming increases of the LHC proton beam energy and luminosity, a series of upgrades is planned for L1Calo. The initial upgrade phase in 2013-14 includes substantial improvements to the analogue and digital signal processing to allow more sophisticated digital filters for energy and timing measurement, as well as compensate for pile-up and baseline shifting effects. Two existing digital algorithm processor subsystems will receive substantial hardware and firmware upgrades to increase the real-time data path bandwidth, allowing topological information to be transmitted and processed at Level-1. An entirely new subsystem, the Level- 1 Topological Processor, will receive real-time data from both the upgraded L1Calo and Level-1 Muon Trigger to perform trigger algorithms based on entire event topologies. During the second upgrade phase in 2018-19, major parts of L1Calo will be rebuilt in order to exploit a tenfold increase in the available calorimeter data granularity compared to that of the current system. The calorimeter signals will be received via optical fibres and distributed to two distinct processing systems. Those systems apply sliding window algorithms and quasi-offline algorithms to achieve object reconstruction and identification. The algorithms are implemented on high-density electronics boards which make use of recent developments in high speed data transmission and FPGA technology. The expected performance improvements are presented together with the upgraded hardware and firmware implementations. The status of the prototypes, integration and commissioning efforts are also reviewed.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays Large Hadron Collider Poles and towers Real-time systems Feature extraction Signal processing algorithms Physics

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Design of Person Flow Counting and Monitoring System Based on Feature Point Extraction of optical Flow

Design of Person Flow Counting and Monitoring System Based o...

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International conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Application (ISDEA)

作者： Xia Wu Sichuan Vocational and Technical College Suining Sichuan China

With the rapid development of economy, the person flow pressure for the station, market, subway and other big public places is very largely to current society. The counting and monitoring of person flow is very important in society management and development, it has great practical significance in the public traffic system safety monitoring, passenger flow forecast, the optimal allocation of resources etc. Traditional person flow estimation method takes the manual counting method, and the efficiency and accuracy are bad. An improved person flow counting method is proposed based on video image processing and on feature point extraction of optical flow, and the person flow monitoring system is designed based on the algorithm, the video image is processed with Harris corner detection, and the angle point information of image is obtained, according to the continuity of the optical flow, the flow counting is obtained. The system design process is presented based on the feature point optical flow. Simulation result shows that the system has good performance in person flow counting estimation and monitoring.

关键词： Image motion analysis Computer vision optical imaging Monitoring Feature extraction optical design Detection algorithms

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Semi-automatic news video annotation framework for Arabic text

Semi-automatic news video annotation framework for Arabic te...

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Workshops on Image processing Theory, Tools and Applications, IPTA

作者： Oussama Zayene Sameh Masmoudi Touj Jean Hennebert Rolf Ingold Najoua Essoukri Ben Amara Universite de Fribourg Fribourg FR CH Universite de Sousse Sousse TN Department of Informatics University of Fribourg (Unifr) Fribourg Switzerland Institute of Complex Systems HES-SO University of Applied Science Western Switzerland SAGE group National Engineering School of Sousse (Eniso) Sousse Tunisia

In this paper, we present a semi-automatic news video annotation tool. The tool and its algorithms are dedicated to artificial Arabic text embedded in video news in the form of static text as well as scrolling one. It is performed at two different levels. Including specificities of Arabic script, the tool manages a global level which concerns the entire video and a local level which concerns any specific frame extracted from the video. The global annotation is performed manually thanks to a user interface. As a result of this step, we obtain the global xml file. The local annotation at the frame level is done automatically according to the information contained in the global metafile and a proposed text tracking algorithm. The main application of our tool is the ground truthing of textual information in video content. It is being used for this purpose in the Arabic Text in video (AcTiV) database project in our lab. One of the functions that AcTiV provides, is a benchmark to compare existing and future Arabic video OCR systems.

关键词： XML Heuristic algorithms Streaming media optical character recognition software Databases Educational institutions User interfaces

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Coupling between In vivo Endomicroscopic Imaging and visualization Computing

Coupling between In Vivo Endomicroscopic Imaging and Visuali...

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International conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive systems, CISIS

作者： Muhammad Mobeen Movania Feng Lin School of Computer Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore

Confocal laser endomicroscope (CLE) is emerging as an in vivo and in situ imaging tool for early diagnosis of mucosal cancers. While an optical slice of the lesion obtained by CLE provides partial information of the microstructures, a concurrent 3D reconstruction would be much more helpful in extracting meaningful inferences. The locality of different structures and their depth relations can be made easy to analyze and comprehend. Unfortunately, currently available CLE systems lack the function of real-time image registration and 3D reconstruction, which motivates us to develop a novel solution to meet the need in the diagnosis and prognosis of oral mucosal lesions. Technical challenge for concurrent 3D visualization of the acquired stack of confocal images is the real-time image registration and reconstruction algorithms. We propose to exploit the graphics hardware to speed up these algorithms. Especially, we present our novel algorithms for the nonrigid image registration and interpolation in cellular imaging, volumetric feature detection and enhancement in rendering, as well as ubiquitous volume rendering on various clinic terminals including nowadays tablets and smart phones. Experiments on animal models and clinical trials on human volunteers are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technologies.

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Rendering (computer graphics) Imaging Fluorescence Graphics processing units Feature extraction Transfer functions

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