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Sparsity-Driven Sparse-Aperture Ultrasound Imaging

Sparsity-Driven Sparse-Aperture Ultrasound Imaging

引用

International conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal processing (ICASSP)

作者： M. Cetin E. Bossy R. Cleveland W.C. Karl Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems MIT Cambridge MA USA Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sabancı University İstanbul Turkey Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA ESPCI/CNRS - UPR 5 Laboratoire d'Optique Physique Paris France Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston University Boston MA USA

We propose an image formation algorithm for ultrasound imaging based on sparsity-driven regularization functionals. We consider data collected by synthetic transducer arrays, with the primary motivating application being nondestructive evaluation. Our framework involves the use of a physical optics-based forward model of the observation process; the formulation of an optimization problem for image formation; and the solution of that problem through efficient numerical algorithms. Our sparsity-driven, model-based approach achieves the preservation of physical features while suppressing spurious artifacts. It also provides robust reconstructions in the case of sparse observation apertures. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our imaging strategy on real ultrasound data

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging optical imaging Apertures optical scattering Image reconstruction Ultrasonic transducers optical sensors Acoustic transducers Image resolution Reflectivity

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GRIDBSCAN: GRId Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise

GRIDBSCAN: GRId Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applicat...

引用

IEEE International conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Ozge Uncu William A. Gruver Dilip B. Kotak Dorian Sabaz Zafeer Alibhai Colin Ng Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada National Research Council Canada Vancouver BC Canada Intelligent Robotics Corporation North Vancouver BC Canada

Clustering is one of the basic data mining tasks that can be used to extract hidden information from data in the absence of target classes. One of the most well-known density based clustering algorithms for processing spatial data is Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise (DBSCAN) that uses learning parameters epsiv and minPts to define the density that will be sought in the data set while forming the clusters. The major drawbacks of the DBSCAN algorithm are its sensitivity to user input required to execute the algorithm, inability to recognize clusters with different densities, and computational complexity. In this study, we propose a three-level clustering method to address the second issue. The first level selects appropriate grids so that the density is homogeneous in each grid. The second stage merges cells with similar densities and identifies the most suitable values of epsiv and minPts in each grid that remain after merging. The third step of the proposed method executes the DBSCAN method with these identified parameters in the dataset. The proposed method is tested in three artificial benchmark data sets to demonstrate that the clusters are correctly identified.

关键词： Data mining Clustering methods Clustering algorithms Computational complexity Councils Intelligent robots Sequences optical sensors Shape Mathematical model

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An Omnidirectional Stereo vision System Using a Single Camera

An Omnidirectional Stereo Vision System Using a Single Camer...

引用

International conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： Sooyeong Yi N. Ahuja Division of Electronics and Information Engineering Chonbuk National University of Korea South Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA

ISBN: (纸本)0769525210

We describe a new omnidirectional stereo imaging system that uses a concave lens and a convex mirror to produce a stereo pair of images on the sensor of a conventional camera. The light incident from a scene point is split and directed to the camera in two parts. One part reaches camera directly after reflection from the convex mirror and forms a single-viewpoint omnidirectional image. The second part is formed by passing a subbeam of the reflected light from the mirror through a concave lens and forms a displaced single viewpoint image where the disparity depends on the depth of the scene point. A closed-form expression for depth is derived. Since the optical components used are simple and commercially available, the resulting system is compact and inexpensive. This, and the simplicity of the required image processing algorithms, make the proposed system attractive for real-time applications, such as autonomous navigation and object manipulation. The experimental prototype we have built is described

关键词： Stereo vision Cameras Mirrors Lenses Layout optical imaging Image sensors Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems optical reflection

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Recognition of Wrist Motion Pattern by EMG

Recognition of Wrist Motion Pattern by EMG

引用

SICE Annual conference

作者： Tadahiro Oyama Yuji Matsumura Stephen Karungaru Yasue Mitsukura Minoru Fukumi Department of Information & Science Intelligent Systems University of Tokushima Tokushima Japan Graduate School of Bio-Application & Systems Engineering Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Tokyo Japan

Recently, studies of artificial arms and pointing devices using ElectroMyoGram (EMG) have been actively done. However, the individual variation of EMG is large, and its repeatability is low. Furthermore, EMG is usually measured from a part with comparatively big muscular fibers such as arms and shoulders. Therefore, if we can recognize wrist operations using EMG which was measured from the wrist, the range of application can extend furthermore. In this study, we aim toward the development of a device of wristwatch type that consolidates operational interface of various equipments. In particular, as an early stage, we propose a wrist motion recognition system. First, we execute the Fourier transform to the signal for feature extraction. Next, we experiment it by using neural networks after the dimensional reduction by using simple-PCA and simple-FLDA to reduce the number of inputs to NN. It was confirmed that the present approach was one of the techniques which were effective in the wrist recognition experiment

关键词： Pattern recognition Wrist Electromyography Neural networks Arm Feature extraction Signal processing optical fiber devices Fourier transforms Approximation algorithms

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A Multi-Element Detector System for Intelligent Imaging: I-ImaS

A Multi-Element Detector System for Intelligent Imaging: I-I...

引用

IEEE Symposium on Nuclear Science (NSS/MIC)

作者： Jennifer A. Griffiths Marinos G. Metaxas Gary J. Royle Cristian Venanzi Colin Esbrand Paul F. van der Stelt Hans Verheij Gang Li Renato Turchetta Andrea Fant Przemyslaw Gasiorek Sergios Theodoridis Harris Georgiou Dionissis Cavouras Geoff Hall Matthew Noy John Jones James Leaver Davy Machin S Greenwood M Khaleeq Helene Schulerud Joar M. Ostby Frixos Triantis Asimakis Asimidis Dimos Bolanakis Nikos Manthos Renata Longo Anna Bergamaschi Robert D. Speller Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering University College London UK Department of Physics Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering University College London University of Trieste UK Academic Centre for Dentistry Vrije Universiteit & University of Amsterdam Netherlands Department of Physics University of Ioannina Greece Rutherford Appleton Laboratory CCLRC Oxfordshire UK Department of Informatics & Telecommunications University of Athens Greece Department of Medical Instrument Technology Medical Image and Signal Processing Laboratory Technological Education Institution of Athens Greece Department of Physics Imperial College London UK Division of Electronics and Cybernetics SINTEF Oslo Norway Department of Physics University of Trieste Italy

I-ImaS is a European project aiming to produce new, intelligent X-ray imaging systems using novel APS sensors to create optimal diagnostic images. Initial systems concentrate on mammography and encephalography. Later development will yield systems for other types of radiography such as industrial QA and homeland security. The I-ImaS system intelligence, due to APS technology and FPGAs, allows real-time analysis of data during image acquisition, giving the capability to build a truly adaptive imaging system with the potential to create images with maximum diagnostic information within given dose constraints. A companion paper deals with the DAQ system and preliminary characterization. This paper considers the laboratory X-ray characterization of the detector elements of the I-ImaS system. The characterization of the sensors when tiled to form a strip detector will be discussed, along with the appropriate correction techniques formulated to take into account the misalignments between individual sensors within the array. Preliminary results show that the detectors have sufficient performance to be used successfully in the initial mammographic and encephalographic I-ImaS systems under construction and this paper will further discuss the testing of these systems and the iterative processes used for intelligence upgrade in order to obtain the optimal algorithms and settings.

关键词： Detectors Intelligent systems Intelligent sensors Sensor arrays optical imaging X-ray imaging Sensor phenomena and characterization Image sensors Sensor systems Mammography

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Neuro-fuzzy modeling in underwater imaging

Neuro-fuzzy modeling in underwater imaging

引用

3rd International conference on Computing, Communications and Control Technologies

作者： Petrosyuk, I. M. Contarino, V. M. Natl Tech Univ Ukraine KPI Kiev Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9789806560482

The optical information processing includes the complicated calculations and the final results ham quite a large error. As is well known that there are large number of input parameters "some their uncertainty in the case of airborne and underwater lidar systems modeling. The using of statistical and determined models give the result having quite a large error of optical information processing and the given calculations take a lot of time to compute. In this connection it is offered to use fundamentally different mathematical algorithms the neural networks and the fuzzy logic, which are the approximators of complex (non-linear) functional dependencies for processing of the optical complicated information. The main peculiarity of neural networks is their training capability. It is realized with specially developed algorithms but the most popular algorithm is the back-propagation. It is not required of any prion information about structure of the required functional dependence for training of a neural network. it is only necessary the experimental sample in the form of experimental, pairs "input - output".

关键词： neuro-fuzzy model image processing classification multispectral systems ocean foam

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Advanced on FPA and near FPA image processing for infrared sensors

Advanced on FPA and near FPA image processing for infrared s...

引用

conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXI

作者： Caulfield, JT Ovod, vi Coussa, RA Baxter, CR Massie, MA Cyan Syst Santa Barbara CA 93105 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945768X

Cyan systems has developed algorithms and architectures capable of performing temporal and spatial filtering near or on the FPA. Cyan is performing research into more advanced techniques to allow functional target detection near/on the FPA. The goals of this work is to perform image processing near or on the FPA to improve the size and power requirements for existing IR sensor systems which require larger board sets and hardware enclosures. We use representations of the biological vision system as models for the algorithm development. We report measured data on the near/on FPA target detection performance.

关键词： Staring arrays Sensors Target detection Image processing Infrared sensors Detection and tracking algorithms Algorithm development Image filtering Data processing Spatial filters

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Multichannel image processing system for thermal supervision systems

Multichannel image processing system for thermal supervision...

引用

18th International conference on Photoelectronics and Night vision Devices

作者： Zorin, AA Razumova, II Tarkov, VA Siberian Res Inst Opt Syst Novosibirsk 630049 Russia

ISBN: (纸本)0819458287

Foundation principles of multichannel real-time information processing system, which is solving a problem of automatic object tracking, are considered in this work. Image processing algorithms, which are used for three-channel system foundation and optimally approaching for system core - Microprocessor Neuro Matrix NM6403 are realized. information processing is accomplished with using of Hopfield neural network, one 384x288 frame processing time is about 100... 140 ms.

关键词： Data processing Neural networks Image processing Automatic tracking Detection and tracking algorithms Evolutionary algorithms Convolution Data analysis Image quality visualization

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Overview of the Joint Services Lightweight Standoff Chemical Agent Detector (JSLSCAD)

Overview of the Joint Services Lightweight Standoff Chemical...

引用

conference on Chemical and Biological Sensing vi

作者： Hammond, B Popa, M Gen Dynam Armament & Tech Prod Charlotte NC 28273 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819457809

This paper presents a system-level description of the Joint Services Lightweight Standoff Chemical Agent Detector (JSLSCAD). JSLSCAD is a passive Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) based remote sensing system for detecting chemical warfare agents. Unlike predecessor systems, JSLSCAD is capable of operating while on the move to accomplish reconnaissance, surveillance, and contamination avoidance missions. Additionally, the system is designed to meet the needs for application on air and sea as well as ground mobile and fixed site platforms. The core of the system is a rugged Michelson interferometer with a flexure spring bearing mechanism and bi-directional data acquisition capability. The sensor is interfaced to a small, high performance spatial scanner that provides high-speed, two-axis area coverage. Command, control, and processing electronics have been coupled with real time control software and robust detection/discrimination algorithms. Operator interfaces include local and remote options in addition to interfaces to external communications networks. The modular system design facilitates interfacing to the many platforms targeted for JSLSCAD.

关键词： Scanners Spectroscopy Sensors Mirrors Control systems Electronics Digital signal processing Neural networks Standoff detection Telecommunications

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Advanced image processing package for FPGA-based re-programmable miniature electronics

Advanced image processing package for FPGA-based re-programm...

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conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXXI

作者： Ovod, vi Baxter, CR Massie, MA McCarley, PL Nova Sensors Solvang CA 93463 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081945768X

Nova Sensors produces miniature electronics for a variety of real-time digital video camera systems, including foveal sensors based on Nova's Variable Acuity Superpixel Imager (VASI (TM)) technology. An advanced image-processing package has been designed at Nova Sensors to re-configure the FPGA-based co-processor board for numerous applications including motion detection, optical, background velocimetry and target tracking. Currently, the processing package consists of 14 processing operations that cover a broad range of point- and area-applied algorithms. Flexible FPGA designs of these operations and re-programmability of the processing board allows for easy updates of the VASI (TM) sensors, and for low-cost customization of VASI (TM) sensors taking into account specific customer requirements. This paper describes the image processing algorithms implemented and verified in Xilinx FPGAs and provides the major technical performances with figures illustrating practical applications of the processing package.

关键词： foveal sensors image processor FPGA FPA variable acuity superpixels programmable visible infrared UAV

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