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Project rescue: Challenges in responding to the unexpected

Project rescue: Challenges in responding to the unexpected

引用

5th conference on Internet Imaging

作者： Mehrotra, S Butts, C Kalashnikov, D Venkatasubramanian, N Rao, R Chockalingam, G Eguchi, R Adams, B Huyck, C Univ Calif Irvine ITR Rescue Irvine CA 92612 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819452076

This paper provides an overview of Project RESCUE, which aims to enhance the mitigation capabilities of first responders in the event of a crisis by dramatically transforming their ability to collect, store, analyze, interpret, share and disseminate data. The multidisciplinary research agenda incorporates a variety of information technologies: networks;distributed systems;databases;image and video processing;and machine learning, together with subjective information obtained through social science. While the IT challenges focus on systems and algorithms to get the right information to the right person at the right time, social science provides the right context. Besides providing an overview of the nature of RESCUE research activities the paper highlights challenges of particular interest to the internet imaging community.

关键词： information technology

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Distributed multi-sensor processing, decision making, and control under constrained resources for remote health and environmental monitoring

Distributed multi-sensor processing, decision making, and co...

引用

conference on optical Pattern Recongnition XV

作者： Talukder, A Sheikh, T Chandramouli, L Univ So Calif CHLA Los Angeles CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453609

Previous field-deployable distributed sensing systems for health/biomedical applications and environmental sensing have been designed for data collection and data transmission at pre-set intervals, rather than for onboard processing These previous sensing systems lack autonomous capabilities, and have limited lifespans. We propose the use of an integrated machine learning architecture, with automated planning-scheduling and resource management capabilities that can be used for a variety of autonomous sensing applications with very limited computing, power, and bandwidth resources. We lay out general solutions for efficient processing in a multi-tiered (three-tier) machine learning framework that is suited for remote, mobile sensing systems. Novel dimensionality reduction techniques that are designed for classification are used to compress each individual sensor data and pass only relevant information to the mobile multisensor fusion module (second-tier). Statistical classifiers that are capable of handling missing/partial sensory data due to sensor failure or power loss are used to detect critical events and pass the information to the third tier (central server) for manual analysis and/or analysis by advanced pattern recognition techniques. Genetic optimisation algorithms are used to control the system in the presence of dynamic events, and also ensure that system requirements (i.e. minimum life of the system) are met. This tight integration of control optimisation and machine learning algorithms results in a highly efficient sensor network with intelligent decision making capabilities. The applicability of our technology in remote health monitoring and environmental monitoring is shown. Other uses of our solution are also discussed.

关键词： biomedicine distributed sensing environment monitoring evolutionary computing genetic algorithms control optimisation mobile health monitoring machine learning pattern recognition resource management sensor fusion sensor networks

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Simultaneous operation of two over-the-horizon radars

Simultaneous operation of two over-the-horizon radars

引用

conference on Advanced Signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XIV

作者： Zhang, YM Frazer, GJ Amin, MG Villanova Univ Ctr Adv Commun Villanova PA 19085 USA Def Sci & Technol Org Intelligence Surveillance & Reconnaissance Div Edinburgh SA 5111 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819454974

Over the horizon radar (OTHR) is a well developed sensor technology in established use for long-range air and surface surveillance. More detailed information about the targets can be achieved by using simultaneous operation of multiple OTHRs. However, a key limitation with HF radar is the conflict between selection of an appropriate operating frequency and the demand for radar waveform bandwidth commensurate with the range resolution requirement of the radar. In this paper, we consider the simultaneous operation of two over-the-horizon radar systems that use the same frequency band with different chirp waveforms to respond the advanced wide-area surveillance needs without reducing, the pulse repetitive frequency. A cross-radar interference cancellation technique is proposed and shown to be effective.

关键词： Radar Doppler effect Receivers Surveillance Time-frequency analysis Fermium Frequency modulation Signal processing Knowledge management Sensor technology

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Multi-sensor cargo bay fire detection system

Multi-sensor cargo bay fire detection system

引用

conference on Enabling Photonic Technologies for Aerospace Applications vi

作者： Snyder, BL Anderson, KJ Renken, CH Socha, DM Miller, MS Goodrich Corp Adv Sensors Tech Ctr Burnsville MN 55306 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819453587

Current aircraft cargo bay fire detection systems are generally based on smoke detection. Smoke detectors in modern aircraft are predominately photoelectric particle detectors that reliably detect smoke, but also detect dust, fog, and most other small particles. False alarms caused by these contaminants can be very costly to the airlines because they can cause flights to be diverted needlessly. To minimize these expenses, a new approach to cargo bay fire detection is needed. This paper describes a novel fire detection system developed by the Goodrich Advanced Sensors Technical Center. The system uses multiple sensors of different technologies to provide a way of discriminating between real fire events and false triggers. The system uses infrared imaging along with multiple, distributed chemical sensors and smoke detectors, all feeding data to a digital signal processor. The processor merges data from the chemical sensors, smoke detectors, and processed images to determine if a fire (or potential fire) is present. Decision algorithms look at all this data in real-time and make the final decision about whether a fire is present. In the paper, we present a short background of the problem we are solving, the reasons for choosing the technologies used, the design of the system, the signal processing methods and results from extensive system testing. We will also show that multiple sensing technologies are crucial to reducing false alarms in such systems.

关键词： infrared imaging image processing chemical sensing fire detection smoke detectors

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optical fingerprint identification using cellular neural network and joint transform correlation

Optical fingerprint identification using cellular neural net...

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conference on optical information systems II

作者： Bal, A Alam, MS El-Saba, A Univ S Alabama Dept Elect & Comp Engn Mobile AL 36688 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454958

An important step in the fingerprint identification system is the extraction of relevant details against distributed complex features. Identification performance is directly related to the enhancement of fingerprint images during or after the enrollment phase. Among the various enhancement algorithms, artificial intelligence based feature extraction techniques are attractive due to their adaptive learning properties. In this paper, we propose a cellular neural network (CNN) based filtering technique due to its ability of parallel processing and generating learnable filtering features. CNN offers high efficient feature extraction and enhancement possibility for fingerprint images. The enhanced fingerprint images are then introduced to joint transform correlator (JTC) architecture to identify unknown fingerprint from the database. Since the fringe-adjusted JTC algorithm has been found to yield significantly better correlation output compared to alternate JTCs, we used it for the identification process. Test results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： cellular neural network fingerprint identification fringe-adjusted joint transform correlation feature enhancement

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optical Field Encryption for secure transmission of data

Optical Field Encryption for secure transmission of data

引用

conference on Advanced Free-Space optical Communications Techniques and Technologies

作者： Fraser, C Harvey, AR Heriot Watt Univ Sch Engn & Phys Sci Edinburgh EH14 4AS Midlothian Scotland

ISBN: (纸本)0819455679

The growing awareness of the vulnerability of information transmitted on communication systems within the government, military and commercial sectors, has stimulated a number of areas of research within the optical community to design optical hardware encryption systems providing inherent immunity to espionage techniques. This paper describes a hardware optical encryption technique that utilises off the shelf telecommunication equipment and negates the necessity for an independent key distribution system with respect to the data transmission system, as is common with alternative encryption system implementations. This method also lends itself easily to fiber optic or free space communication and is applicable within any optical waveband. The encryption-decryption of the optical signal is achieved through low coherence optical interferometry. This requires the instantaneous processing and analysis of the signal, optically, to retrieve the relevant optical phase information hidden in the transmitted optical noise. This technology allows an authorised user to transmit encrypted information at a high data rate securely, while maintaining opaqueness to an unauthorised observer that data transmission is occurring. As the instantaneous optical field properties of the signals present in the system are essential to the optical encryption - decryption process, the system is inherently protected against electronic recording and advances in computational decryption algorithms. For organisations wishing to protect sensitive data and levels of communication activity these are highly desirable features.

关键词： optical encryption hardware security systems multi-wavelength communication free space communication

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Proceedings of the International conference on Parallel and Distributed processing Techniques and Applications, PDPTA'04

Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and ...

引用

Proceedings of the International conference on Parallel and Distributed processing Techniques and Applications, PDPTA'04

ISBN: (纸本)1932415262

The proceedings contain 75 papers from Proceedings of the International conference on Parallel and Distributed processing Techniques and Applications, PDPTA'04 - Volume II. The topics discussed include: data grid federation;distributed policy-managed storage;on-demand grid storage using scavenging;file schemes for fault tolerant support in heterogeneous distributed storage systems;grid data access architecture based on application I/O phases and I/O communities;a tool box of scalable algorithms and software for on-line and offline management of advanced scientific simulations;a flexible algorithm for task ordering and parallel solution of the point location problem using pipelined optical bus systems.

关键词： Parallel processing systems

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Miniaturization and integration of micro/nano-scale photonic devices: Scientific and technical issues

Miniaturization and integration of micro/nano-scale photonic...

引用

conference on Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits vi

作者： Lee, EH Inha Univ Sch Informat & Commun Engn Micro Photoncs Adv Res Ctr Inchon 402751 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0819452645

We present an overview of our study on the scientific and technological issues and challenges concerning the miniaturization, interconnection and integration of microphotonic devices, circuits and systems in micron or submicron scale. Devices that we have used for our study include: mode conversion schemes, directional couplers, micro-ring resonator devices, micro-racetrack resonator devices, arrayed waveguide devices, multimode interference devices, microdisk lasers, vertical cavity surface emitting microlasers, and the arrays thereof. Materials used for devices include serif conductors, silica, sol-gel, and polymers. First, in miniaturization, the issues include the size effect, proximity effect, energy confinement effect, microcavitiy effect, optical and quantum interference effect, high field effect, nonlinear effect, noise effect, quantum optical effect, and chaotic effect. Secondly, in interconnection between micro/nano-scale photonic devices, issues to be addressed include optical alignment, minimizing the interconnection losses, and maintaining optical modes. Thirdly, in integration, the issues include the integration of different kinds of devices, active-active, active-passive, passive-active and passive-passive. Scaling is also an important issue both for miniaturization and integration. In the fabrication of devices, the optical quality of the walls, surfaces and interfaces of the devices is of critical importance for high performance function. We found the near-field scanning optical microsope useful in the analysis of the micro/nano-scale photonic devices.

关键词： photonics optoelectronics optical communication optical information processing optical interconnection optical integration quantum optics

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Pupil-phase optimization for extended-focus, aberration-corrected imaging systems

Pupil-phase optimization for extended-focus, aberration-corr...

引用

conference on Advanced Signal processing algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations XIV

作者： Prasad, S Pauca, VP Plemmons, RJ Torgersen, TC van der Gracht, J Univ New Mexico Ctr Adv Studies Albuquerque NM 87131 USA Wake Forest Univ Dept Comp Sci Winston Salem NC 27109 USA Wake Forest Univ Dept Comp Sci Winston Salem NC 27109 USA Wake Forest Univ Dept Comp Sci & Math Winston Salem NC 27109 USA Holospex Inc Columbia MD 21044 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454974

The insertion of a suitably designed phase plate in the pupil of an imaging system makes it possible to encode the depth dimension of an extended three-dimensional scene by means of an approximately shift-invariant PSF. The so-encoded image can then be deblurred digitally by standard image recovery algorithms to recoup the depth dependent detail of the original scene. A similar strategy can be adopted to compensate for certain monochromatic aberrations of the system. Here we consider two approaches to optimizing the design of the phase plate that are somewhat complementary-one based on Fisher information that. attempts to reduce the sensitivity of the phase encoded image to misfocus and the other based on a minimax formulation of the sum of singular values of the system blurring matrix that attempts to maximize the resolution in the final image. Comparisons of these two optimization approaches are discussed. Our preliminary demonstration of the use of such pupil-phase engineering to successfully control system aberrations particularly spherical aberration, is also presented.

关键词： pupil-phase mask wavefront coding integrated imaging aberration control Fisher information minimax focus extension image quality nonlinear optimization

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A 2-level domain decomposition algorithm for inverse diffuse optical tomography

A 2-level domain decomposition algorithm for inverse diffuse...

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2004 International conference on Image processing, ICIP 2004

作者： Son, Il-Young Guven, Murat Yazici, Birsen Intes, Xavier Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Troy NY United States University of Pennsylvania Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry Philadelphia PA United States

In this paper1, we explore domain decomposition algorithms for the inverse DOT problem in order to reduce the computational complexity and accelerate the convergence of the optical image reconstruction. We propose a combination of a two-level multigrid algorithm with a modified multiplicative Schwarz algorithm, where a conjugate gradient is used as an accelerator to solve each sub-problem formulated on each of the partitioned sub-domains. For our experiments, simulated phantom configuration with two rectangular inclusions is used as a testbed to measure the computational efficiency of our algorithms. No a priori information about the configuration is assumed except for the source and detector locations. For the application of our modified Schwarz algorithm alone, we observe an increase in efficiency of 100% as compared to the conjugate gradient solution obtained for the full domain. With the addition of the coarse grid, this efficiency rises to 400%. The coarse grid also serves to improve the overall appearance of the reconstructed image at the boundaries of the inclusions. ©2004 IEEE.

关键词： Tomography

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