The structures of the artificial Intelligence (AI) are sometimes "created" in order to solve specific problems of science and engineering. They may be viewed as dedicated signal processors, with dedicated, i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642386817
The structures of the artificial Intelligence (AI) are sometimes "created" in order to solve specific problems of science and engineering. They may be viewed as dedicated signal processors, with dedicated, in particular repetitive, structure. In this paper such structures of neuralnetworks (NN)-like devices are considered, having as starting point the problems in Mathematical Physics. Both the ways followed by such inferences and their outcomes may be quite diverse one of the paper's aims is to illustrate this assertion. Next, ensuring global stability and convergence properties in the presence of several equilibria is a common feature of the field. The general discussion on the "emergence" of Al devices with NN structure is followed by the presentation of the elements of the global behavior for systems with several equilibria. The approach is illustrated on the case of the M-lattice;in tackling this application there is pointed out the role of the high gain to ensure both gradient like behavior combined with binary outputs which are required e.g. in imageprocessing.
There is a need for fast and cost-effective leukemia identification methods, because early identification could increase the likelihood of recovery. Currently, diagnostic methods require sophisticated expensive labora...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783642386817
There is a need for fast and cost-effective leukemia identification methods, because early identification could increase the likelihood of recovery. Currently, diagnostic methods require sophisticated expensive laboratories such as immune-phenotype and cytogenetic abnormality. Therefore, we propose an identification method based on using blood smear images of normal and cancerous cells, in addition to a neural network classifier. We focus in this paper on identifying Acute Lumphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) cases, and implement our experiments following three learning schemes for a neural model. The neural classifiers distinguish between normal blood cells and ALL-infected cells. The experimental results show that the proposed novel leukemia identification system can be effectively used for such a task, and thus could be implemented for identifying other leukemia types in real life applications.
3D sensors provide valuable information for mobile robotic tasks like scene classification or object recognition, but these sensors often produce noisy data that makes impossible applying classical keypoint detection ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467361293;9781467361286
3D sensors provide valuable information for mobile robotic tasks like scene classification or object recognition, but these sensors often produce noisy data that makes impossible applying classical keypoint detection and feature extraction techniques. Therefore, noise removal and downsampling have become essential steps in 3D data processing. In this work, we propose the use of a 3D filtering and downsampling technique based on a Growing neural Gas (GNG) network. GNG method is able to deal with outliers presents in the input data. These features allows to represent 3D spaces, obtaining an induced Delaunay Triangulation of the input space. Experiments show how GNG method yields better input space adaptation to noisy data than other filtering and downsampling methods like Voxel Grid. It is also demonstrated how the state-of-the-art keypoint detectors improve their performance using filtered data with GNG network. Descriptors extracted on improved keypoints perform better matching in robotics applications as 3D scene registration.
Due to its brain-like parallel processing, neurocomputing has been regarded as intriguing alternative to traditional von Neumann architectures for such applications as imageprocessing, pattern recognition, and associ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467361293;9781467361286
Due to its brain-like parallel processing, neurocomputing has been regarded as intriguing alternative to traditional von Neumann architectures for such applications as imageprocessing, pattern recognition, and associative memory. Associative memories based on neurocomputing attempt to mimic the human brain via a parallel network of coupled artificial neurons. Oscillatory neuralnetworks (ONNs) have been proposed for such purposes;however, CMOS-based implementations would be inefficient due to the corresponding circuit complexity of oscillators and phase-locking mechanisms. In addition, programmability of the synaptic weights would require numerous reconfigurable, complex analog circuits that represent an impractical power and area overhead. In this paper we propose a fully-digital ONN architecture that is enabled by non-volatile logic. Using a newly proposed all-magnetic logic family, mLogic, we demonstrate the efficacy of digitizing the oscillators and phase relationships by exploiting the inherent storage. We perform a device-level simulation-based comparison of mLogic and 32nm CMOS for a fully-interconnected 60-neuron system, and show approximately 15x area improvement and 18x power improvement that would be achieved for a large system with 100k neurons.
This paper presents a computational strategy for content based image retrieval (CBIR-Content-Based image Retrieval), considering the similarity in relation to an image already selected. The identification of similarit...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467352147;9781467352130
This paper presents a computational strategy for content based image retrieval (CBIR-Content-Based image Retrieval), considering the similarity in relation to an image already selected. The identification of similarity is obtained by feature extraction, using the technique of wavelet combined with Hu moments. The classification of mammographic is performed using artificialneuralnetworks, through the classifier Self-Organizing Map (SOM). The proposed method is tested with a database of the Laboratory of Medical image Classification (QUALIM) Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP).
In the manufacturing systems, one of the most important issues is to estimate the rest of cutting tool life under a given cutting conditions as accurately as possible. In fact, machining efficiency is easily influence...
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In the manufacturing systems, one of the most important issues is to estimate the rest of cutting tool life under a given cutting conditions as accurately as possible. In fact, machining efficiency is easily influenced by the kind of tool selected at each cutting process. One of the most complex problems for tool selection is that of estimating the tool life under a given cutting conditions as accurately as possible. As the quality of the cutting tool is directed related to the quality of product, the level of tool wear should be kept under control during machining operations. In order to monitor the tool wear development during machining processes, the interface chosen between the working procedure and the computer was a digital image of the cutting tool detected by an optical sensor. images, however, are not homogeneous. images with standard size and pixel density were produced elaborating tool images files obtained during machining tests. This paper is focused on a procedure for the processing of cutting tool images detected during tests. A methodology to design and optimized artificialneuralnetworks for automatic tool wear recognition using standard images of cutting tool is proposed. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
In order to improve the estimation of the RiiG (Rician Inverse Gaussian) model parameters, the authors attempt to achieve the parameter estimates using the inverse function of the RiiG CDF (Cumulative Distributed Func...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781479902699;9781479902675
In order to improve the estimation of the RiiG (Rician Inverse Gaussian) model parameters, the authors attempt to achieve the parameter estimates using the inverse function of the RiiG CDF (Cumulative Distributed Function) which the latter can not be obtained in a closed form. However, the ANN (artificialneural Network) technique is preferred which has the ability to approximate this nonlinear complexity. From recorded sea-clutter data, the regressions of the real CDF are used at the input layer of the ANN estimator. The weights of the network are optimized in real time by means of the genetic algorithm (GA) tool. The mean square error of estimates (MSE) criterion is considered to assess the estimation performance. For almost cases, the experimental results show that adopting the proposed scheme of the ANN estimator turns out the best parameter estimates and also allows a better matching of real CDF and real PDF (Probability density Function) than the standard IMLM (Iterative Maximum Likelihood Method) estimator.
Linear displacement estimation of a mobile device is useful in various real time applications, such as Global Motion Estimation (GME) in video encoding, video surveillance etc. Present state of the art techniques perf...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467356305;9781467356282
Linear displacement estimation of a mobile device is useful in various real time applications, such as Global Motion Estimation (GME) in video encoding, video surveillance etc. Present state of the art techniques perform the global motion estimation using techniques predominantly based on imageprocessing algorithms. These require complex computations and more power consumption. In this paper a novel approach, Sensor assisted Motion Estimation (SaME), to estimate the linear displacement of a mobile device using inbuilt sensors, is proposed. SaME uses inbuilt 3-axis accelerometer to determine the linear displacement along X, Y and Z axes. SaME algorithm is a combination of basic imageprocessing techniques, sensor data and artificial Intelligence. The artificialneural Network (ANN) is used to build the artificial intelligence. ANN is trained to map the sensor data from inbuilt accelerometer to the corresponding displacement data acquired via simple imageprocessing techniques. The resultant model is used to estimate the linear displacement of the mobile device using the sensor data as input. From the results it can be concluded that the inbuilt sensors can be used to arrive at reliable estimates of linear displacement via the proposed method.
The study of leaf surface roughness is very important in the domain of precision spraying. It is one of the parameters that allow to reduce costs and losses of phytosanitary products and to improve the spray accuracy....
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The study of leaf surface roughness is very important in the domain of precision spraying. It is one of the parameters that allow to reduce costs and losses of phytosanitary products and to improve the spray accuracy. Moreover, the leaf roughness is related to adhesion mechanisms of liquid on a surface. It can be used to define leaf nature surface (hy-drophilic/hydrophobic). The main goal of this study is thus to estimate and to follow the evolution of leaf roughness using imageprocessing and computer vision. The development and application of computer vision for measurement of surface leaf roughness using artificialneuralnetworks will be described. The system for image acquisition of leaf surface consists of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The images of leaf surface are captured and analyzed to estimate the optical roughness. 2-D Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm and Co-occurrence Matrix are used for texture analysis. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network is used to model and predict the optical roughness values.
Soil nailing has become an important excavation support system for its good performance and cost-effectiveness. It is complicated to predict deformation of soil nailing during excavating. The artificialneural Network...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783037857755
Soil nailing has become an important excavation support system for its good performance and cost-effectiveness. It is complicated to predict deformation of soil nailing during excavating. The artificialneural Network (ANN) is developed very quickly these years, which can be applied in diverse applications such as complex non-linear function mapping, pattern recognition, imageprocessing and so on, and has been widely used in many fields, including geotechnical engineering. In this paper, the artificialneural network is applied for deformation prediction for soil nailing in deep excavation. The time series neuralnetworks-based model for predicting deformation is presented and used in an engineering project. The results predicted by the model and those observed in the field are compared. It is shown that the artificialneural network-based method is effective in predicting the displacement of soil nailing during excavation.
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