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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization"

共 354 条记录，以下是291-300 订阅

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remote sensing of cirrus cloud particle size and optical depth using polarimetric sensor measurements

Remote sensing of cirrus cloud particle size and optical dep...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Ou, SC Liou, KN Takano, Y Slonaker, RL Univ Calif Los Angeles Dept Atmospher Sci Los Angeles CA USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

This paper presents a conceptual approach toward the remote sensing of cirrus cloud particle size and optical depth using the degree of polarization and polarized reflectance associated with the first three Stokes parameters I, Q, and U for the 0.865 and 2.25 mum wavelengths. A vector line-by-line equivalent radiative transfer program including the full Stokes parameters based on the adding method was developed. The retrieval algorithm employs the steepest descent method in the form of a series of numerical iteration procedures to search for the simulated polarization parameters that best match the measured polarization parameters. Sensitivity studies were performed to investigate the behavior of phase matrix elements as functions of scattering angles for three ice crystal size-shape combinations. Overall, each phase matrix element shows some sensitivity toward ice crystal shape, size, and surface roughness due to the various optical effects. Synthetic retrievals reveal that the retrieval algorithm itself is highly accurate, while polarimetric and radiometric error sources cause very small retrieval errors. Finally, an illustrative example of applying the retrieval algorithm to airborne POLDER data during EUCREX is presented.

关键词： Polarization Crystals Scattering Clouds Particles Polarimetry remote sensing Light scattering Radiative transfer Reflection

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Naval hyperspectral remote sensing research for the oceans, atmosphere and space

Naval hyperspectral remote sensing research for the oceans, ...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： McCoy, RP Cleveland, JS Ferek, R Off Naval Res Ocean Atmospher & Space Dept Arlington VA 22217 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

To meet Naval needs for sensing of the global environment, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) and the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) sponsor or carry out a variety of research programs using hyperspectral sensing. For ocean sensing, airborne and space-borne hyperspectral sensors are used to characterize the littoral environment with the aim of providing specification of ocean optical parameters including water clarity, diver visibility, bathymetty, bottom type and beach characterization. For the atmosphere, the Navy has interest in hyperspectral remote sensing from geosynchronous orbit. ONR interests include improved modeling of radiation transport in the atmosphere to infer high resolution profiles of wind, temperature and minor species and cloud characteristics. With sponsorship from Director Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E), ONR is managing a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI) to provide new models for use with geosynchronous data. In partnership with NASA, NOAA and the Air Force, ONR is promoting the flight of the Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer-Indian Ocean METOC Imager (GIFTS-IOMI) program to obtain hyperspectral atmospheric imagery with high spatial, spectral and temporal resolution. For the space environment, NRL has flown a suite of experimental ultraviolet hyperspectral sensors to determine altitude profiles of the ionospheric electron density and upper atmospheric neutral density. The High Resolution Airglow/Aurora Spectroscopy (HIRAAS) experiment on the ARGOS satellite provided a proof of concept for a future series of hyperspectral ultraviolet space weather sensors the first of which has recently been launch on a DMSP weather satellite. ONR is sponsoring the development of a multispectral ultraviolet imager to take this capability to geosynchronous orbit.

关键词： hyperspectral remote sensing ocean optics infrared ultraviolet

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Protection of passive radio frequencies used for Earth exploration by satellite

Protection of passive radio frequencies used for Earth explo...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Rochard, G Meteo France (France)

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Space-borne passive sensing of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere has an essential and increasing importance in Earth Observation. The impressive progress recently made or shortly expected in weather analysis, warning and forecasts (in particular for dangerous weather phenomena as rain and floods, storms, cyclones, droughts) as well as in the study and prediction of climate change, is mainly attributable to the spaceborne observations. On this basis, economic studies show that meteorological services have a high positive impact on a wide range of economic activities, notwithstanding safety of life and property aspects. Space-borne passive sensing feeds crucial observational data to numerical weather predction models run on the most advanced super-computers that are operated by a few global forecasting centers. All meteorological and environmental satellite organizations operate these crucial remote-sensing missions as part of the GOS of the World Weather Watch and others... Spaceborne passive sensing for meterological applications is performed in frequency bands allocated to the Earth Exploration-Satellite Service. This is named "EESS passive" in the ITU-R Radio Regulations. The appropriate bands are uniquely determined by the physical properties (e.g. molecular resonance) of constituents of the atmosphere, and are therefore one of the unique natural resources (similarly to Radio Astronomy bands). Passive measurements at several frequencies in the microwave spectrum must be made simultaneously in order to extract the individual contribution of the geophysical parameter of interest. Bands below 100 GHz are of particular importance to provide an "all-weather" capability since many clouds are almost transparent at these frequencies. Along this line, the two first figures below about zenithal opacity describes respectively the atmosphere optical thickness due to water vapor and dry components in the frequency range 1 to 275 GHz and 275 GHz to 1000 GHz on which have been

关键词： Temperature metrology atmospheric sensing Meteorology Passive remote sensing Clouds Profiling Satellites atmospheric modeling Earth's atmosphere Oxygen

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Spectral cloud-filtering of AIRS data: Non-polar ocean

Spectral cloud-filtering of AIRS data: Non-polar ocean

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Aumann, HH Gregorich, D Barron, D CALTECH Jet Propuls Lab Pasadena CA 91009 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is a grating array spectrometer on the EOS Aqua satellite. AIRS covers the thermal infrared spectral range between 640 and 2700 cm(-1). In order to retain the maximum radiometric accuracy of the AIRS data, the effects of cloud contamination have to be minimized. We discuss cloud filtering which uses the high spectral resolution of AIRS to identify about 100,000 of 500,000 non-polar ocean spectra per day as relatively free of clouds. The comparison of AIRS surface sensitive channels with the NCEP provided global real time sst (***) shows a cold bias of the order of 0.5K in daily global averages, which is traceable to cloud contamination. During the day the cloud contamination is due to a 2-3% broken cloud cover at 1-2 km altitude, characteristic of low stratus clouds. Cloud contamination can be reduced to 0.2K, but not eliminated, by combining the spectral filter with a spatial coherence threshold, but the yield drops to 16,000 spectra per day. AIRS was launched in May 2002 on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite. Since September 2002 it has returned 4 million spectra of the globe each day.

关键词： infrared temperature retrieval remote sensing ozone carbon dioxide

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End-to-end simulation for support of remote sensing systems design

End-to-end simulation for support of remote sensing systems ...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Miller, SW Bergen, WR Raytheon IIS Aurora CO 80011 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The development of the National Polar-orbiting Operational environmental Satellite (NPOESS) Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) design demonstrated the value of an end-to-end simulation of remote sensing systems. To arrive at a truly optimized system, Raytheon developed and refined a system simulation capability that can be applied to a number of other programs. This capability supports both instrument and algorithm design trades. The VIIRS effort included spectral modeling of various surface types, radiative transfer modeling of the atmosphere (sometimes incorporating observed atmospheric profiles), instrument spectral, spatial, and radiometric response, and a chain of environmental product retrieval algorithms. In this paper, we present a system simulation tool that has evolved from the VIIRS capability into a more general software package that runs both quickly and accurately. This tool can be used to simulate the behavior of any system that includes a scanning visible/infrared imager or radiometer and associated product retrieval algorithms. The tool has been validated against actual Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) outputs (both instrument-level and product-level) to illustrate the realism of the instrument modeling and environmental algorithm implementation. The package has also been reapplied to the VIIRS system design to deliver a snapshot of what can be expected when the VIIRS prototype is launched aboard the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) in 2006. As an example, we present the system level characteristics of the red and near infrared (NIR) reflectances, as well as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) product that can be derived from these reflectances.

关键词： end to end simulation modeling system simulation

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Some key pre-processing techniques on airborne imaging spectrometer data for quantitative analysis

Some key pre-processing techniques on airborne imaging spect...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Cui, LL Fan, WY Shi, J Tang, P Zhao, ZM Gao, ZQ Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat Image Engn Dept Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Hyperspectral image possesses incomparable advantage over spaceborne multispectral image when it is employed to quantitatively retrieve these parameters such as vegetation type, coverage, biomass, bare soil moisture, etc. This paper focuses on crucial issues present in the pre-processing of hyperspectral image: band selection, edge radiant correction, tangent correction and spectral reflectivity conversion, exemplified by a case study in which modular airborne OMIS-I imaging spectrometer data are employed to evaluate desertification. The author gives comprehensive consideration to the statistic characteristics of each spectral band, diagnostic spectral reflection of different targets and the purpose of practical application, and fixed upon 41 applicable bands after trying different bands. In the course of edge radiant correction, one correction method based on histogram matching was used, and its result was satisfactory. In addition, tangent correction directing against tangent distortion was carried out, which enriched the normal geometric rectification. Lastly, during the process of surface feature spectral reflectivity conversion, the author converted symbolic model into statistic model by employing some necessary theoretical inference and parameter-setting. The result suggests the quality of OMIS-I data get better improved after these processing and basically can meet the requirements of quantitative retrieval for desertification evaluation.

关键词： hyperspectral image pre-processing quantitative analysis OMIS

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Lossless data compression for infrared hyperspectral sounders - An update

Lossless data compression for infrared hyperspectral sounder...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Huang, BM Huang, HL Ahuja, A Schmit, TJ Heymann, RW Univ Wisconsin CIMSS Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The compression of hyperspectral sounder data is beneficial for more efficient archive and transfer given its large 3-D volume. Moreover, since physical retrieval of geophysical parameters from hyperspectral sounder data is a mathematically ill-posed problem that is sensitive to the error of the data, lossless or near-lossless compression is desired. This paper provides an update into applications of state-of-the-art 2D and 3D lossless compression algorithms such as 3D EZW, 3D SPIHT, 2D JPEG2000, 2D JPEG-LS and 2D CALIC for hyperspectral sounder data. In addition, in order to better explore the correlations between the remote spectral regions affected by the same type of atmospheric absorbing constituents or clouds, the Bias-Adjusted Reordering (BAR) scheme is presented which reorders the data such that the bias-adjusted distance between any two neighboring vectors is minimized. This scheme coupled with any of the state-of-the-art compression algorithms produces significant compression gains.

关键词： JPEG2000 Wavelet transforms data compression Infrared radiation Computer programming Wavelets Image compression Quantization data archive systems Satellites

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Science data processing for the advanced microwave scanning radiometer - Earth observing system

Science data processing for the advanced microwave scanning ...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Goodman, HM Regner, K Conover, H Ashcroft, P Wentz, F Conway, D Lobl, E Beaumont, B Hawkins, L Jones, S NASA George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr Huntsville AL 35812 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration established the framework for the Science Investigator-led processing Systems (SIPS) to enable the Earth science data products to be generated by personnel directly associated with the instrument science team and knowledgeable of the science algorithms. One of the first instantiations implemented for NASA was the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) SIPS. The AMSR-E SIPS is a decentralized, geographically distributed ground data processing system composed of two primary components located in California and Alabama. Initial science data processing in the U.S. is conducted at remote sensing Systems (RSS) in Santa Rosa, California. RSS ingests antenna temperature orbit data sets from the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency and converts them to calibrated, resampled, geolocated brightness temperatures. The brightness temperatures are sent to the Global Hydrology and Climate Center in Huntsville, Alabama, which generates the geophysical science data products (e.g., water vapor, sea surface temperature, sea ice extent, etc.) suitable for climate research and applications usage. These science products are subsequently sent to the National Snow and Ice data Center Distributed Active Archive Center in Boulder, Colorado for archival and dissemination to the at-large science community. This paper describes the organization, coordination and production techniques employed by the AMSR-E SIPS in implementing, automating and operating the distributed data processing system.

关键词： AMSR-E aqua NASA passive microwave radiometer science data processing SIPS UAH

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Using in-situ satellite data to describe global scale variations in space weather

Using in-situ satellite data to describe global scale variat...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Heelis, RA Hairston, MR Coley, WR Univ Texas Richardson TX 75083 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Quite frequently visible and uv imagery of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere is used to describe the global scale characteristics of ion density and composition. This invaluable data can be obtained from satellites at very high altitude, providing a complete global picture at modest scale sizes, or from low Earth orbit, where a more restricted view with higher spatial resolution is possible. Here we describe how in-situ data obtained from low Earth orbit can be visualized in a manner similar to optical emission data. With this approach global scale variations of key parameters like plasma temperature and ion velocity can be added to those of composition and density to reveal the evolution of the system in response to external drivers. During times of high magnetic activity the links between key parameters over large temporal and spatial scales can be easily visualized and cuts through the images reveal details that can be used in more quantitative descriptions.

关键词： ionosphere thermosphere ion concentration ion velocity

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Multi-spectral satellite training for inexperienced Navy forecasters

Multi-spectral satellite training for inexperienced Navy for...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Kuciauskas, AP Lee, TF Durkee, PA Ledesma, R USN Res Lab Monterey CA 93943 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Recent advancements of meteorology and oceanography (METOC) satellite products has resulted from a surge in computing resources and expanded communications via the Internet. Greater tactical demands in military operations are placed on Navy and Marine METOC personnel to provide better atmospheric depictions and forecasts in support of helicopter, fighter jet and ground troop operations, as was experienced in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. Unfortunately, US military weather forecasters are often limited in their abilities to provide state of the art products and forecasts. One reason for these inefficiencies are that oftentimes, daily forecasting tasks are left to non-commissioned personnel (e.g., AG's and ET's) who receive little or no classroom training in this area, nor are there continuing education/training available. METOC forecast centers vary greatly and might not have access to the appropriate information base to answer ongoing questions. Additionally, the typical tour of duty at a particular forecast center is 2 years, resulting in a stressful environment to bring new forecasters up to speed in demanding forecast operations. The result is that the user is often confined to image looping and basic image enhancements to convey the general environmental conditions over the region of interest. To facilitate the learning process, the Naval Research Laboratory and the Naval Postgraduate School have developed a 3 day intensive laboratory and lecture course in satellite remote sensing, focusing on topics vital to military operations such as smoke and fire detection, coastal maritime layer analysis, snow, fog, haze, tropical cyclones, hazardous wind conditions, etc. A wealth of satellite data is provided from MODIS, AVHRR, DMSP and Geostationary satellite data. Background satellite remote sensing topics such as radiative transfer theory is also presented. This report presents a sample of the material used within the training.

关键词： Navy AVHRR MODIS satellite multispectral dust processing webpage

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