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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization"

共 354 条记录，以下是41-50 订阅

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End-to-end simulation for support of remote sensing systems design

End-to-end simulation for support of remote sensing systems ...

引用

conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Miller, SW Bergen, WR Raytheon IIS Aurora CO 80011 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The development of the National Polar-orbiting Operational environmental Satellite (NPOESS) Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) design demonstrated the value of an end-to-end simulation of remote sensing systems. To arrive at a truly optimized system, Raytheon developed and refined a system simulation capability that can be applied to a number of other programs. This capability supports both instrument and algorithm design trades. The VIIRS effort included spectral modeling of various surface types, radiative transfer modeling of the atmosphere (sometimes incorporating observed atmospheric profiles), instrument spectral, spatial, and radiometric response, and a chain of environmental product retrieval algorithms. In this paper, we present a system simulation tool that has evolved from the VIIRS capability into a more general software package that runs both quickly and accurately. This tool can be used to simulate the behavior of any system that includes a scanning visible/infrared imager or radiometer and associated product retrieval algorithms. The tool has been validated against actual Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) outputs (both instrument-level and product-level) to illustrate the realism of the instrument modeling and environmental algorithm implementation. The package has also been reapplied to the VIIRS system design to deliver a snapshot of what can be expected when the VIIRS prototype is launched aboard the NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) in 2006. As an example, we present the system level characteristics of the red and near infrared (NIR) reflectances, as well as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) product that can be derived from these reflectances.

关键词： end to end simulation modeling system simulation

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Spectral cloud-filtering of AIRS data: Non-polar ocean

Spectral cloud-filtering of AIRS data: Non-polar ocean

引用

conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Aumann, HH Gregorich, D Barron, D CALTECH Jet Propuls Lab Pasadena CA 91009 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

The atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is a grating array spectrometer on the EOS Aqua satellite. AIRS covers the thermal infrared spectral range between 640 and 2700 cm(-1). In order to retain the maximum radiometric accuracy of the AIRS data, the effects of cloud contamination have to be minimized. We discuss cloud filtering which uses the high spectral resolution of AIRS to identify about 100,000 of 500,000 non-polar ocean spectra per day as relatively free of clouds. The comparison of AIRS surface sensitive channels with the NCEP provided global real time sst (***) shows a cold bias of the order of 0.5K in daily global averages, which is traceable to cloud contamination. During the day the cloud contamination is due to a 2-3% broken cloud cover at 1-2 km altitude, characteristic of low stratus clouds. Cloud contamination can be reduced to 0.2K, but not eliminated, by combining the spectral filter with a spatial coherence threshold, but the yield drops to 16,000 spectra per day. AIRS was launched in May 2002 on the Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua satellite. Since September 2002 it has returned 4 million spectra of the globe each day.

关键词： infrared temperature retrieval remote sensing ozone carbon dioxide

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Near real-time AIRS processing and distribution system: from design to operations

Near real-time AIRS processing and distribution system: from...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Wolf, W King, T Goldberg, MD Zhou, LH Barnet, C QSS Grp Inc Lanham MD USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

A near real-time AIRS processing and distribution system is fully operational at NOAA/NESDIS/ORA. The AIRS system went though three separate production phases: design and development, implementation, and operations. The design and development phase consisted of two years of preparation for the near real-time AIRS data. The approach was to fully emulate the AIRS measurement stream. This was accomplished by using a forecast model to represent the geophysical state and computation of simulated AIRS measurements using the characteristics of the AIRS channels. The preparation included file format development and the creation of a program to subset the radiance and product data. The implementation phase lasted over a year and involved utilizing AIRS/AMSU/HSB simulated data quasi-operationally. This simulated data was placed into deliverable files and distributed to the customers for their pre-launch preparations. The operational phase consisted of switching the simulation system to real data and is the current system status. Details of what went right and wrong at each production phase will be presented. This methodology eased the transition to operations and will be applied to other advanced sounders such as IASI and CrIS.

关键词： data centers Computer simulations data conversion data processing data modeling data acquisition Ozone Satellites Infrared radiation Spectral resolution

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Inter-calibration of GOES-11 imagers with AIRS and IASI data

Inter-calibration of GOES-11 imagers with AIRS and IASI data

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization IV - Readiness for GEOSS II

作者： Li, Yaping Wu, Xiangqian Sohn, Seung-hee NOAA NESDIS STAR IMSG Camp Springs MD 20746 USA NOAA NESDIS STAR Camp Springs MD 20746 USA KMA Seoul 156720 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9780819473059

The advent of hyperspectral sounders, such as the atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and the Infrared atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), makes it possible for us to independently assess the radiance measurements of GOES Infrared (IR) imagers, which also provide an effective way to evaluate the GOES IR on-board calibration. In this study, we demonstrate the utility of the AIRS and IASI radiances to evaluate the GOES-11 IR channel measurements. We use the AIRS and IASI measurements to inter-calibrate the IR channels on GOES-11. The collocated GOES pixels inside each AIRS (IASI) pixel are averaged spatially. Then the spatially-averaged radiance from GOES IR channels are compared to AIRS (IASI) observations by convolving the AIRS (IASI) measured spectra with the GOES imager spectral response functions. This study demonstrates that the high-spectral resolution radiance measurements can serve as a relative reference for the inter-calibration of operational GOES imagers for the Global Space-based Inter-Calibration System (GSICS).

关键词： Inter-calibration GOES-11 AIRS IASI

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Interannual variation in rainfall and atmospheric heat sources over the Tibetan Plateau

Interannual variation in rainfall and atmospheric heat sourc...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization IV - Readiness for GEOSS II

作者： Zhong Shanshan He Jinhai Guan Zhaoyong Shi Chunhua Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Key Lab Meteorol Disasters Jiangsu Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9780819473059

The Tibetan long-term monthly mean rainfall exhibits a SE to NW decrease, showing strong regionality. The summertime vigorous rainfall centers are roughly coincident with those of heat sources < Q(1)> averaged throughout the atmospheric extent, with latent heating making the greatest contribution to < Q(1)>. In the heat source stronger (weaker) year than normal, the western Pacific subtropical high amplifies (falls off), making westward extension (eastward withdrawal);the South-Asian high intensifies (weakening), eastward expanding (westward extending);summer monsoon becomes intense (enfeebled). In that case, the precipitation is more (less) in the Jiang-Huai valley compared to normal in relation to the rainfall lower (higher) than mean over the littoral provinces of South China, and two parallel anomalously deep wavetrains (just one wavetrain) of cyclones alternate with anti-cyclones over the Pacific.

关键词： Tibetan plateau atmospheric heat source rainfall interannual variation

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Space weather comes of age - New sensors and models for ionospheric specification and forecast

Space weather comes of age - New sensors and models for iono...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： McCoy, RP Off Naval Res Ocean Atmosphere & Space Dept Arlington VA 22217 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Traditionally the ionosphere and thermosphere are considered "data-starved" regions of the atmosphere but recent experimental and operational optical satellite instruments and new techniques to exploit GPS and orbiting radio beacons are dramatically improving the situation. Similarly, new classes of assimilating ionospheric models are under development to exploit these data and provide a significantly improved capability to specify and forecast weather of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere. The Advanced Research and Global Observation Satellite (ARGOS), launched by the DoD Space Test Program in 1999 demonstrated ultraviolet remote sensing of the neutral atmosphere and ionosphere from limb sensors in low Earth orbit (LEO). Soon after, the Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) on the NASA TIMED satellite employed a similar capability using cross track ultraviolet remote sensing. The first of five sets of operational versions of both of these instruments, the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Limb Imager (SSULI) and Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Imager (SSUSI), respectively, where launched aboard the first of the DMSP Block 5133 weather satellites in October of 2003. Radio frequency techniques for ionospheric remote sensing using ground-based dual frequency GPS receivers and GPS occultation receivers on LEO satellites are making a significant contribution to the global ionospheric database. In 2005, the launch of a constellation of six satellites called the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) will provide ionospheric measurements using GPS occultation receivers ultraviolet photometers and dual frequency UHF radio beacons. The latter will allow tomographic ionospheric reconstructions using ground-based receivers. These and other data will be used to drive the Global Assimilations of Ionospheric Measurements (GAIM) model to dramatically improved current modeling and forecast capabilities for the global thermosphere and ionosphe

关键词： ionospheric remote sensing assimilating models ultraviolet remote sensing

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Some key pre-processing techniques on airborne imaging spectrometer data for quantitative analysis

Some key pre-processing techniques on airborne imaging spect...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Cui, LL Fan, WY Shi, J Tang, P Zhao, ZM Gao, ZQ Chinese Acad Sci Inst Remote Sensing Applicat Image Engn Dept Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

Hyperspectral image possesses incomparable advantage over spaceborne multispectral image when it is employed to quantitatively retrieve these parameters such as vegetation type, coverage, biomass, bare soil moisture, etc. This paper focuses on crucial issues present in the pre-processing of hyperspectral image: band selection, edge radiant correction, tangent correction and spectral reflectivity conversion, exemplified by a case study in which modular airborne OMIS-I imaging spectrometer data are employed to evaluate desertification. The author gives comprehensive consideration to the statistic characteristics of each spectral band, diagnostic spectral reflection of different targets and the purpose of practical application, and fixed upon 41 applicable bands after trying different bands. In the course of edge radiant correction, one correction method based on histogram matching was used, and its result was satisfactory. In addition, tangent correction directing against tangent distortion was carried out, which enriched the normal geometric rectification. Lastly, during the process of surface feature spectral reflectivity conversion, the author converted symbolic model into statistic model by employing some necessary theoretical inference and parameter-setting. The result suggests the quality of OMIS-I data get better improved after these processing and basically can meet the requirements of quantitative retrieval for desertification evaluation.

关键词： hyperspectral image pre-processing quantitative analysis OMIS

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Report on the NIST workshop of December 10, 2009: calibration strategies for bridging possible climate data gaps

Report on the NIST workshop of December 10, 2009: calibratio...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization VI - Readiness for GEOSS IV

作者： Datla, Raju U. Rice, Joseph Cooksey, Catherine Thome, Kurtis J. Barnes, Robert A. Cao, Changyong NIST Gaithersburg MD 20899 USA NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr Greenbelt MD 20771 USA Sci Applicat Int Corp Beltsville MD 20705 USA NOAA Suitland MD 20746 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819483072

A one-day workshop was held on December 10, 2009 at the National Institute of Standards and Technology to address the issue of data gaps in the time series of satellite measurements. Such gaps can occur due to launch delay, launch failure, inconsistencies, or data jumps in radiometric scales between satellites. The presence of such gaps limit the ability of using measurements to detect the small changes in key environmental variables that result from climate change. Leading experts in the Earth Observation community from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), National Oceanic and atmospheric Adminstration (NOAA), United States Geological Survey (USGS), and academia attended the meeting to prioritize the calibration strategies for bridging and mitigating satellite data gaps for climate change detection. These strategies include establishing SI traceability for satellite sensor calibration and measurements;continuing improvements in prelaunch, onboard, and vicarious calibrations and transfer standards;establishing celestial standards and procedures for intercomparisons;establishing SI traceability for alternative measurement strategies, such as in-situ networks and airborne sensor campaigns;and leveraging international satellite assets. This paper summarizes the workshop and recommendations.

关键词： Climate data gaps remote sensing satellite data SI traceability calibration

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Lossy data compression for next-generation imager data

Lossy data compression for next-generation imager data

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization

作者： Miller, SW Puschell, JJ Raytheon IIS Aurora CO 80011 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819454869

In the next decade, the volume of data produced by satellite-based remote sensing instruments will increase dramatically. The success of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments validates the decisions of government agencies to seek higher spectral and spatial resolution in the next generation of polar-orbiting and geosynchronous imagers, but transmitting the resulting high amounts of data to the Earth within constraints of available bandwidth will require new approaches to onboard data compression. In particular, the limitations of bandwidth will force greater use of lossy data compression, particularly in spectral channels with high spatial resolution, such as the reflective channels proposed for the Geostationary Operational environmental Satellite (GOES) Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), which will fly on GOES-R in 2012. In this study, we present analyses of the trade between two candidate lossy data compression algorithms, JPEG and JPEG-2000, for the encoding of reflective channel data from the ABI. These analyses include application to two types of real data: MODIS imagery and MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) imagery. The MODIS images are processed directly;the 50-m resolution MAS images are first run through a basic simulation of ABI spatial and radiometric response. In both cases, spectral channels corresponding to those that will be lossily compressed on ABI are available to support the performance trades between JPEG and JPEG-2000. The performance results are expressed in terms of peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) and correlated noise, and they are placed in context with an assessment of the current technology readiness level (TRL) of the two standards.

关键词： data compression JPEG JPEG-2000 lossy data compression ABI

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An objective nowcasting tool that optimizes the impact of satellite derive sounder products in very-short-range forecasts

An objective nowcasting tool that optimizes the impact of sa...

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conference on atmospheric and environmental remote sensing data processing and utilization II

作者： Petersen, Ralph Aune, Robert Univ Wisconsin CIMSS Madison WI 53706 USA NOAA NESDIS ORA NESDIS Adv Satellite Prod Team Madison WI USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463809

Future instruments will improve atmospheric measurements in both time and space. Although these data are expected to advance traditional Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) guidance at 48 hours and beyond, greater benefit may come from objective nowcasting systems that assist forecasters in identifying rapidly developing and isolated extreme weather events a few hours in advance. These systems should detect and retain extreme variations in the atmosphere and incorporate large volumes of high-resolution asynoptic data. Because they need to be extremely fast, they may use numerical approaches different from current NWP. A new objective nowcasting approach is presented that uses trajectories to optimize the impact and retention of satellite information. It is designed to detect and preserve intense vertical and horizontal variations observed over time. Real data tests have identified atmospheric details associated with the onset of significant weather events up to 6 hours in advance. Using full resolution moisture products from current GOES sounders to update and enhance current operational forecasts, the Lagrangian system captures and retains details (maxima, minima and extreme gradients) important to the development of convective instability, even after IR observations are no longer available due to cloud development. Examples of the issues and impact of using hyperspectral AIRS data are also discussed.

关键词： Satellites Clouds Convection Satellite imaging Analytical research Earth observing sensors atmospheric sensing Computing systems Meteorological satellites Aerospace engineering

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