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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Characterization and Propagation of Sources and Backgrounds"

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Factors affecting signature propagation through intense forward scattering atmospheres

Factors affecting signature propagation through intense forw...

引用

conference on Target and backgrounds IX

作者： Sutherland, RA Montoya, JR Usevitch, BR USA Res Lab Survivabil Lethal Anal Directorate White Sands Missile Range NM USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819449342

Methods are examined for modeling signature propagation through optically dense atmospheres accounting for both direct signal attenuation, isotropic scattering, and strong forward (multiple) scattering considering both existing analytical approaches and numerical Monte Carlo photon transport simulations. Examples are given for the case of upward propagation through plane layers in the form of angular distribution functions, based on a point source of light, from which one can determine an atmospheric modulation transfer function (MTF) widely used in simulating the effects of obscurants in imaging systems performance models. Methods can also be used to estimate correction factors for compensating errors in transmission measurements due to multiple forward scattering into the sensor field of view. Results suggest that even at large optical thicknesses where the directly transmitted signal is minimal, there is enough spatial contrast in the diffuse signal to make point sources detectable. However the major effect is on the broadening of the received signal which for the case of isotropic scattering yielded values on the order of 5-10 m for the width of the point spread function (PSF) for a sensor field of view of 100 milliradians. For more intense forward scattering the relative signal strength is increased and the PSF widths are decreased.

关键词： forward scattering atmospheric propagation aerosols obscurants Monte Carlo modeling

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Comparison of the TACOM Acoustic Detection Range Prediction model and the UK Dstl Acoustic Prediction propagation Model

Comparison of the TACOM Acoustic Detection Range Prediction ...

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conference on Targets and backgrounds VIII

作者： Nunney, V Mantey, R Crile, J PS&T Signatures Dstl Chertsey Chertsey KT16 0EE Surrey England

ISBN: (纸本)0819444685

Acoustic signatures are being exploited more and more by new technology in the battlefield as a way of detecting and identifying potential targets. An understanding of the way in which the acoustic signature of a land platform propagates through the atmosphere enables one to target suppression techniques to those acoustic sources on the vehicle that will provide the greatest military benefit in terms of reducing the detection range of the platform. Dstl Chertsey (UK) and TACOM (US) have developed acoustic propagation models which can predict the far-field sound pressure levels (SPLs) and associated detection ranges of land platforms under a variety of meteorological conditions over different terrain types. The Acoustic Prediction propagation Model (APPM, UK) and Acoustic Detection Range Prediction Model (ADRPM, US) have previously been compared and have been found to produce similar results for simple scenarios. With recent developments in both models, this comparison has been carried out again, looking at the introduction of Fast-Field Programs (FFP) to both models and, in more detail, the differences between the results at certain frequencies. This paper represents the results found from this comparison study, showing the differences, similarities and potential of these models for the future.

关键词： APPM ADRPM acoustic detection prediction signature SPL survivability FFP

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SURVEY AND ANALYSIS - THE MEASUREMENT AND MODELING OF TERRESTRIAL THERMAL backgrounds

SURVEY AND ANALYSIS - THE MEASUREMENT AND MODELING OF TERRES...

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conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： REYNOLDS, WR PASSMORE, R SIGNATURE RES INC CALUMETMI 49913

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

The current status of U.S. efforts in infrared background and model development is assessed. The paper includes discussions with both DoD and contractor research personnel active in data collection, system design, and background modeling, backed up by examination of a large body of existing reports and data. Future background measurement programs as well as the directions that background modeling efforts are taking are also discussed.

关键词： Thermal modeling Data modeling Analytical research Infrared backgrounds

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MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT (MSX) - PLANS AND CAPABILITY FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF INFRARED EARTHLIMB AND TERRESTRIAL backgrounds

MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT (MSX) - PLANS AND CAPABILITY FOR ...

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conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： ONEIL, RR GARDINER, HAB GIBSON, J HUMPHREY, C HEGBLOM, R FRASER, ME KENDRA, M WINTERSTEINER, P RICE, C PHILLIPS LAB GEOPHYS DIRECTORATEBEDFORDMA 01731

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

A major objective of the MSX program is to obtain global data of atmospheric and terrestrial backgrounds simultaneously in the infrared (2.6 to 28 micrometers ) and short wave (0.11 to 0.9 micrometers ) spectral regions. This paper presents an overview of the plans and capabilities to measure infrared earthlimb and terrestrial backgrounds with the cryogenic infrared MSX sensor, the spatial Infrared Imaging Telescope (SPIRIT) III sensor. Of particular importance is the characterization of the spatial-temporal structure and the global distribution of mean radiometric levels and spectral content of both quiescent atmospheric and terrestrial backgrounds as well as the backgrounds associated with aurora, mesospheric and noctilucent clouds, stratospheric warmings, wave phenomena, scatter and thermal emissions from clouds, terrain, and other sources. Experiments are planned to collect data as a function of latitude, season, diurnal conditions, magnetic activity and altitude, up to tangent heights of 300 km over a period of 18 months for the infrared (cryogen lifetime) and 5 years for the visible and ultraviolet sensors. Coordinated experiments are planned with ground sites and in conjunction with other satellites. Automated processing will provide rapid data reduction and the generation of data products.

关键词： Infrared radiation Infrared imaging Infrared telescopes Infrared sensors Clouds Cryogenics Earth's atmosphere Sensors Space telescopes Telescopes

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SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO AND RANGE OF PULSE-CODED OPTICAL COMMUNICATION THROUGH CLOUD ATMOSPHERE

SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO AND RANGE OF PULSE-CODED OPTICAL COMMU...

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conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： ZEGE, EP KATSEV, IL PRIKHACH, AS Institute of Physics (Belarus)

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

The features of forming a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as applied to the pulse-coded information transfer technique through an optical channel are considered. To maximize a SNR and a range of communication, an optimum receiver resolution time (RRT) should be found and used. An analytical solution as well as an algorithm to calculate the distortion of a pulse, propagating through a cloud layer, and the position and amplitude of a maximum of a recorded signal have been developed. They were realized as an interactive PC program, which calculates the optimum value of RRT and range limit of communication for any parameters of systems and optical channels (atmosphere + cloud).

关键词： Signal to noise ratio Atmospheric optics Clouds Optical communications Algorithm development Channel projecting optics Telecommunications Atmospheric propagation Distortion Receivers

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POINT-SOURCE IN LAYERED RANDOMLY INHOMOGENEOUS-MEDIUM

POINT-SOURCE IN LAYERED RANDOMLY INHOMOGENEOUS-MEDIUM

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conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： GUZEV, MA POPOV, GV RUSSIAN ACAD SCI INST AUTOMAT & CONTROL PROCVLADIVOSTOK 690041RUSSIA

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

We consider a model 3D stationary problem of wave propagation in a fluctuating weakly dissipative layered halfspace. The statistical analysis of this problem is carried out in the framework of the imbedding method for different boundary conditions. We are interested in the statistical behavior of the averaged intensity, which is expressed via a two-frequency correlator of waves incident at different angles. The correlator is calculated both analytically in the framework of the diffusive approximation and numerically with the help of the statistical simulation method.

关键词： 3D modeling Optical correlators Statistical analysis Computer simulations Wave propagation

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MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT (MSX) - PLANNED OBSERVATIONS OF MWIR BTH AND LATH backgrounds

MIDCOURSE SPACE EXPERIMENT (MSX) - PLANNED OBSERVATIONS OF M...

引用

conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： GARDINER, HAB ONEIL, RR GRIEDER, W HEGBLOM, R HUMPHREY, C STAIR, AT GALLERY, WO SEARS, R PHILLIPS LAB GEOPHYS DIRECTORATEBEDFORDMA 01731

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

Two Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) experiments are designed to obtain data on terrestrial (below the horizon, BTH) and low earthlimb (low above the horizon, LATH, below 40 km tangent height) backgrounds as seen from the MSX satellite by the SPIRIT III cryogenically cooled radiometer and UVISI imagers. The radiometer will provide data in two mid-wave infrared (MWIR) bands with a spatial resolution of 90 μ radians and a temporal resolution of at least 13.9 msec to characterize the small scale structure of the backgrounds and their global distribution. Other instruments aboard the MSX (SPIRIT III Interferometer, Space Based Visible Surveillance Camera and the Spectrographs Imagers (SPIMS)) payload will provide supporting spectral and spatial imagery data for correlating phenomenological behavior in the ultraviolet, visible and infrared regions of the spectrum. The 18-month duration of the cryogen will afford many opportunities to sample the backgrounds during all seasons, cloud and terrain conditions, day, night and terminator scenes and a variety of solar scattering angles. Automated data processing will provide rapid reduction of the data and generate products characterizing the scene content and statistical distribution of radiance as well as indices for cataloging the data. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Radiometers

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characterization AND NONUNIFORMITY CORRECTION OF A RESISTOR ARRAY INFRARED SCENE PROJECTOR

CHARACTERIZATION AND NONUNIFORMITY CORRECTION OF A RESISTOR ...

引用

conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： STOCKBRIDGE, RG GOLDSMITH, GC EDWARDS, DG GUERTIN, AG JONES, LE OLSON, EM WRIGHT LAB ARMAMENT DIRECTORATEDIV ANAL & STRATEG DEFGUIDED INTERCEPTOR TECHNOL BRANCHEGLIN AFBFL 32542

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

Ever increasing developments in imaging infrared (IR) seekers that are being designed for Ballistic Missile Defense Office (BMDO) guided interceptor programs have amplified the necessity for robust hardware-in-the-loop (HWIL) testing to reduce program risk. Several candidate HWIL IR projection technologies are under development. This paper addresses the characterization measurements of a 128 X 128 metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) resistor array scene projector. The measurements include spectral output performance, dynamic range, spectral apparent temperature, uniformity, rise time, fall time, droop percentage, and current consumption. With possibly the exception of hot target simulation, the resistor array has the ability to spatially, spectrally, and temporarily function as the scene projector for a HWIL facility.

关键词： Projection systems Resistors Imaging infrared seeker Infrared radiation Infrared imaging Nonuniformity corrections Infrared technology Defense and security Missiles Semiconductors

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HIGH-PERFORMANCE 512X512 SCENE PROJECTOR FOR TARGETS AGAINST SPACE backgrounds

HIGH-PERFORMANCE 512X512 SCENE PROJECTOR FOR TARGETS AGAINST...

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conference on characterization and propagation of sources and backgrounds

作者： COLE, B HAN, CJ HIGASHI, R PRITCHETT, D SAWYER, B OLD, T GOLDSMITH, GC EDWARDS, DG STOCKBRIDGE, R JONES, L HONEYWELL TECHNOL CTR BLOOMINGTONMN 55420

ISBN: (纸本)0819415278

Honeywell and MRC have been developing a range of thermal scene projector arrays through the Wright Laboratory Armament Directorate's cryovacuum resistive infrared scene projector (CRISP) program and the Defense Nuclear Agency's nuclear optical dynamic display system (NODDS) program. The resistive emitters are fabricated on silicon nitride structures on pitches as small as 2 mils. These structures have low thermal mass, low thermal conductance, and high fill factor. Monolithic address and pixel storage electronics provide flicker-free operation of large arrays at high frame rates. The emitters have demonstrated > 600 K blackbody temperatures, high radiance, and > 10³ dynamic range at very low power when operated at 40 K temperatures to achieve low background. This paper describes the performance of a CRISP 512 X 512 array consisting of 3.5 mil pixels and a high-speed 128 X 128 NODDS array consisting of ultra-low-power emitters.

关键词： Projection systems Thermography Black bodies Defense and security Displays Electronics Infrared radiation Silicon

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characterization, propagation, and Simulation of sources and backgrounds

Characterization, Propagation, and Simulation of Sources and...

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characterization, propagation, and Simulation of sources and backgrounds

ISBN: (纸本)0819405957

The Volume contains 40 conference papers reflecting a multidisciplinary research needed to improve real-world applications of infrared imaging systems. The focal points of the conference discussions were characterization of environmental influences on targets, backgrounds, camouflage, and clutter;modeling of physically based dynamics of scene radiation and its propagation, including clouds, sea surfaces, and obscurants;and real-time simulation for system observer display and testing of some of these dynamic and varied scene changes.

关键词： Infrared Imaging

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