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Articulated Motion Modeling for Activity Analysis

Articulated Motion Modeling for Activity Analysis

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Jiang Gao R.T. Collins A.G. Hauptmann H.D. Wactlar School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA

We propose an algorithm for articulated human motion segmentation that estimates parametric motions of body parts and segments images into moving regions accordingly. Our approach combines robust optical flow estimation, RANSAC, and region segmentation using color and Gaussian shape priors. This combination results in an algorithm that can robustly estimate and segment multiple motions, even for moving regions with small support and in low-resolution images. Based on the raw motion segmentation, consistent body motions are detected over time to characterize human activity. The effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated in a real scenario: characterizing dining activities of patients at a nursing home.

关键词： Motion analysis Image segmentation Image motion analysis Humans Motion segmentation computer vision Motion estimation Robustness Biological system modeling Nonlinear optics

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Gradual Transition Detection Using Average Frame Similarity

Gradual Transition Detection Using Average Frame Similarity

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： T. Volkmer S.M.M. Tahaghoghi H.E. Williams School of Computer Science and Information Technology RMIT University Melbourne Australia

Segmenting digital video into its constituent basic semantic entities, or shots, is an important step for effective management and retrieval of video data. Recent automated techniques for detecting transitions between shots are highly effective on abrupt transitions. However, automated detection of gradual transitions, and the precise determination of the corresponding start and end frames, remains problematic. In this paper, we present a gradual transition detection approach based on average frame similarity and adaptive thresholds. We report good detection results on the TREC video track collections - particularly for dissolves and fades - and very high accuracy in identifying transition boundaries. Our technique is a valuable new tool for transition detection.

关键词： Gunshot detection systems Humans Video compression computer science Information technology Australia Technology management Information retrieval Consumer products Machine assisted indexing

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AdaTree: Boosting a Weak Classifier into a Decision Tree

AdaTree: Boosting a Weak Classifier into a Decision Tree

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： E. Grossmann Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA

We present a boosting method that results in a decision tree rather than a fixed linear sequence of classifiers. An equally correct statement is that we present a tree-growing method whose performance can be analysed in the framework of Adaboost. We argue that Adaboost can be improved by presenting the input to a sequence of weak classifiers, each one tuned to the conditional probability determined by the output of previous weak classifiers. As a result, the final classifier has a tree structure, rather than being linear, thus the name "Adatree". One of the consequences of the tree structure is that different input data may have different processing time. Early experimentation shows a reduced computation cost with respect to Adaboost. One of our intended applications is real-time detection, where cascades of boosted detectors have recently become successful. The reduced computation cost of the proposed method shows some potential for being used directly in detection problems, without need of a cascade.

关键词： Boosting Classification tree analysis Decision trees computer Society computer vision pattern recognition conferences

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Medial Visual Fragments as an Intermediate Image Representation for Segmentation and Perceptual Grouping

Medial Visual Fragments as an Intermediate Image Representat...

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： A. Tamrakar B.B. Kimia Division of Engineering Brown University Providence RI USA

We present a novel representation of images based on a decomposition into atomic patches which we call medial visual fragments and which is particularly suited for structural grouping. Specifically, we show that the medial axis/shock graph of a contour map partitions the image domain into non-overlapping regions, which together with the image information define the visual fragments. The main advantage of such a generic representation is that both contour and regional information are explicitly available so that in the presence of partial evidence and ambiguity in maps indicating edges and regional homogeneity, both aspects can be simultaneously used for perceptual grouping of fragments into a coherent whole. Grouping of visual fragments is represented as a set of canonical transformations of visual fragments, namely, the gap and loop transforms. The advantage of this representation in comparison to perceptual grouping using only contour continuity or region grouping is demonstrated on synthetic and realistic examples.

关键词： Image representation Image segmentation Electric shock Surface texture computer Society computer vision pattern recognition conferences Partitioning algorithms

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Tyzx DeepSea High Speed Stereo vision System

Tyzx DeepSea High Speed Stereo Vision System

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： J.I. Woodfill G. Gordon R. Buck Tyzx Inc. Menlo Park CA USA

This paper describes the DeepSea Stereo vision System which makes the use of high speed 3D images practical in many application domains. This system is based on the DeepSea processor, an ASIC, which computes absolute depth based on simultaneously captured left and right images with high frame rates, low latency, and low power. The chip is capable of running at 200 frames per second with 512x480 images, with only 13 scan lines latency between data input and first depth output. The DeepSea Stereo vision System includes a stereo camera, onboard image rectification, and an interface to a general purpose processor over a PCI bus. We conclude by describing several applications implemented with the DeepSea system including person tracking, obstacle detection for autonomous navigation, and gesture recognition.

关键词： Stereo vision Pixel Layout Delay Navigation Remotely operated vehicles Cameras Image color analysis Lenses Tracking

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Exploiting Depth Discontinuities for vision-Based Fingerspelling recognition

Exploiting Depth Discontinuities for Vision-Based Fingerspel...

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： R. Feris M. Turk R. Raskar Karhan Tan G. Ohashi University of California Santa Barbara USA Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories Inc. USA University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign USA Shizuoka University Japan

We present a novel method for automatic fingerspelling recognition which is able to discriminate complex hand configurations with high amounts of finger occlusions. Such a scenario, while common in most fingerspelling alphabets, presents a challenge for vision methods due to the low intensity variation along important shape edges in the hand image. Our approach is based on a simple and cheap modification of the capture setup: a multi-flash camera is used with flashes strategically positioned to cast shadows along depth discontinuities in the scene, allowing efficient and accurate hand shape extraction. We then use a shift and scale invariant shape descriptor for fingerspelling recognition, demonstrating great improvement over methods that rely on features acquired by traditional edge detection and segmentation algorithms.

关键词： Shape Fingers Layout Image edge detection Hidden Markov models Cameras Handicapped aids Deafness Nails Vocabulary

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Is A Magnetic Sensor Capable of Evaluating A vision-Based Face Tracking System?

Is A Magnetic Sensor Capable of Evaluating A Vision-Based Fa...

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Zhengrong Yao Haibo Li Digital Media Laboratory Umea University Umea Sweden

This paper addresses an important issue, how to evaluate a vision-based face tracking system? Although nowadays it is getting popular to employ a magnetic sensor to evaluate the performance of such systems. The related issues such as condition and limitation of usage are often omitted. In this paper we studied this accepted evaluation methodology together with another evaluation method, Peak Signal to Noise (PSNR) commonly used in image coding community. The condition of proper usage of magnetic sensor as evaluating system is discussed. Our theoretical analysis and experiments with real video sequences show that we have to be very careful to select the so-called "ground truth". We believe that to help further development of face tracking techniques, a valid performance evaluation is necessary, both the evaluating system and the tracking system have to be jointly considered to decide if the evaluating method is valid. The experimental results give us further hints about the tracking performance when using different tracking scheme.

关键词： Magnetic sensors PSNR Face detection computer vision Tracking Application software Virtual reality Solid modeling Image coding Human computer interaction

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Robust Error Metric Analysis for Noise Estimation in Image Indexing

Robust Error Metric Analysis for Noise Estimation in Image I...

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Qi Tian Jie Yu Qing Xue N. Sebe T.S. Huang Department of Computer Science University of Texas San Antonio San Antonio TX USA Faculty of Science University of Amsterdam Netherlands Beckman Institute University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL USA

In many computer vision algorithms, the well known Euclidean or SSD (sum of the squared differences) metric is prevalent and justified from a maximum likelihood perspective when the additive noise is Gaussian. However, Gaussian noise distribution assumption is often invalid. Previous research has found that other metrics such as double exponential metric or Cauchy metric provide better results, in accordance with the maximum likelihood approach. In this paper, we examine different error metrics and provide a general guideline to derive a rich set of nonlinear estimations. Our results on image databases show more robust results are obtained for noise estimation based on the proposed error metric analysis.

关键词： Noise robustness Error analysis Image analysis Indexing Maximum likelihood estimation computer errors computer vision Additive noise Gaussian noise Guidelines

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A Probabilistic Approach to Linear Subspace Fitting for computer vision Problems

A Probabilistic Approach to Linear Subspace Fitting for Comp...

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： T. Okatani Graduate School of Information Sciences University of Tohoku Sendai Japan

Several computer vision problems, such as some of photometric problems and the problem of affine structure from motion, are formulated as fitting linear subspace(s) to point data in a multi-dimensional space. In ideal cases the linear subspaces can easily be computed by PCA/SVD algorithms. Unfortunately this will not apply to real cases, since there are outliers and missing components in real data. Furthermore it is sometimes necessary to fit multiple different subspaces to a set of point data in a situation where each point belongs to one of the subspaces but it is unknown which subspace each point belongs to. One straightforward solution to these advanced cases is to adopt the expectation maximization framework based on Bayesian inference. However, this solution does not seem to have been well considered in computer vision community, as far as the above problems of linear subspace fitting are concerned. This paper presents expectation maximization algorithms and its extension, variational Bayes-based algorithm, for several cases of linear subspace fitting and applies them to computer vision problems.

关键词： computer vision Principal component analysis Inference algorithms Lighting Photometry Fitting Bayesian methods Cameras Pixel Object recognition

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Improved Real-Time Stereo on Commodity Graphics Hardware

Improved Real-Time Stereo on Commodity Graphics Hardware

引用

IEEE computer Society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (cvprw)

作者： Ruigang Yang M. Pollefeys Sifang Li Department of Computer Science University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University Chapel Hill NC USA

This paper presents a detailed description of an advanced real-time correlation-based stereo algorithm running completely on the graphics processing unit (GPU). This is important since it allows to free up the main processor for other tasks including high-level interpretation of the stereo results. Compared to previous GPU-based stereo implementations our implementation includes some advanced features such as adaptive windows and cross-checking. By taking advantage of advanced features of recent GPUs the proposed algorithm is also a lot faster than previous implementations. Our implementation running on an ATI Radeon 9800 graphics card achieves over 289 million disparity evaluations per second including all the overhead to download images and read-back the disparity map, which is several times faster than commercially available CPU-based implementations.

关键词： Hardware Stereo vision computer graphics computer science computer vision Application software Central Processing Unit Casting Optimization methods Personal communication networks

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