The art of lensdesign has long been divided into two camps: theorists and number crunchers. Both camps have vocal supporters, both manage to get the job done, and both occasionally voice disdain for the other. This p...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510602861
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510602854;9781510602861
The art of lensdesign has long been divided into two camps: theorists and number crunchers. Both camps have vocal supporters, both manage to get the job done, and both occasionally voice disdain for the other. This paper presents the case for number crunching-while recognizing the important contributions that theorists have made and continue to make. We illustrate this case by designing a zoom lens with no starting design and minimum direction from the designer. To this end we use a feature called ZSEARCH (TM) found in the program SYNOPSYS (TM)(1).
We present an overview of the pros and cons of using GPUs in opticaldesign software. While GPUs can run multiple calculations in parallel, that parallelization comes with a price. We will discuss the trade-offs that ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510629028
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510629028
We present an overview of the pros and cons of using GPUs in opticaldesign software. While GPUs can run multiple calculations in parallel, that parallelization comes with a price. We will discuss the trade-offs that allow GPUs to run up to thousands of cores in parallel and how those trade-offs effect the use of GPUs in opticaldesign software. In particular, we review the use of GPUs in several steps of design calculations, including ray-tracing and computationally expensive steps such as calculating Huygens integrals.
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the optical performance of movable-beam grating structures with both lateral and vertical displacement of the beams. We show that in the vector- diffraction domain one can desi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819428841
This paper is devoted to the analysis of the optical performance of movable-beam grating structures with both lateral and vertical displacement of the beams. We show that in the vector- diffraction domain one can design high-efficiency switches (e.g. between beam transmitter and beamsplitter mode) and modulators for polarized radiation. The devices exhibit a good tolerance to fabrication and mounting errors and a functional flexibility. In addition, by simulating the optical performance of polysilicon micro-electro-mechanical grating structures at a visible wavelength, reported in the literature, we demonstrate that our tools for rigorous electromagnetic simulation of grating structures work well in the scalar-diffraction domain.
Infrared optical systems require a range of exotic materials, many with large indices of refraction. The mismatch in the index between the optical element and the surrounding medium can result in reflection losses tha...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819487384
Infrared optical systems require a range of exotic materials, many with large indices of refraction. The mismatch in the index between the optical element and the surrounding medium can result in reflection losses that approach 50%. Antireflection (AR) coatings are applied to these elements in order to minimize "ghost" reflections and improve the optical transmission through a system. The coatings are designed to be highly transparent;however, significant infrared absorption has been observed in some AR coatings. Likely candidates for the loss mechanism are water trapped into the optical coatings during deposition and water being incorporated into coating voids or grain boundaries during exposure to ambient humidity. Five different AR coatings have been procured from four manufacturers to study the cause of the observed losses. Upon receipt of the coated samples, infrared transmission measurements were made which showed the presence of incorporated water/hydroxyl, as evidenced by reduced transmission around 2.9 mu m. Four of the five sample types placed in laboratory air for two months continued to absorb water, whereas those placed in flowing dry nitrogen showed no change. Samples placed in a humid environment for one, three and ten days also showed additional water incorporation with the magnitude of the change in transmission on the order of that observed with the two-month air exposure.
Understanding the structure of the design space in optical system optimization is difficult, because common human intuition fails when it encounters the challenge of high dimensionality, resulting from the many optimi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819492036
Understanding the structure of the design space in optical system optimization is difficult, because common human intuition fails when it encounters the challenge of high dimensionality, resulting from the many optimization parameters of lens systems. However, a deep mathematical idea, that critical points structure the properties of the space around them, is fruitful in lensdesign as well. Here we discuss simple systems, triplets with curvatures as variables, for which the design space is still simple enough to be studied in detail, but complex enough to be non-trivial. A one-to-one correspondence between the possible design shapes and the critical points resulting from a simplified model based on third-order spherical aberration within the framework of thin-lens theory could lead in the future to a new way to determine good starting points for subsequent local optimization.
The most widely used objectives for the space optics are mirror and catadioptric systems. We have considered several scheme types including the three-mirror schemes both of the Korsch-type and the systems without an i...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075
The most widely used objectives for the space optics are mirror and catadioptric systems. We have considered several scheme types including the three-mirror schemes both of the Korsch-type and the systems without an intermediate image and compare them from the point of view of packaging conditions, image quality and achievable characteristics. The two-mirror systems with lens correctors are also analyzed. The optical layout and parameters of several variants are presented and the image quality is shown.
Our study presents recent progress in modelling and performing lensopticaldesign with metasurfaces. We developed semi-analytical models that recover the output phase, polarization, dispersion and group delay of vari...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510679221;9781510679238
Our study presents recent progress in modelling and performing lensopticaldesign with metasurfaces. We developed semi-analytical models that recover the output phase, polarization, dispersion and group delay of various nanostructures. This enables the mixing of different nanostructures to obtain a target dispersion profile an interesting application of the model. These models can readily be implemented within opticaldesign software such as Zemax and use the built-in optimization of opticaldesign processes while avoiding time-consuming electrodynamics computation. We also introduce the metasurfaces to the analytical lensdesign framework. This enables us to analytically compute the phase profile of freeform metasurface doublet concerning particular ray conditions such as the Abbe Sine condition as we presented here.
Distortion is one major shortcoming of conventional wide-angle lens. The correction of distortion can maximize field of view in a wide-angle lens and benefit natural scenes. In this paper, we propose a compact wide-an...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781510654198;9781510654181
Distortion is one major shortcoming of conventional wide-angle lens. The correction of distortion can maximize field of view in a wide-angle lens and benefit natural scenes. In this paper, we propose a compact wide-angle lens utilizing freeform surfaces to address the shortcoming. The design approaches, including the starting point selection, freeform surface conversion scheme, and system optimization, are discussed in detail. Moreover, freeform diagnostic tools are developed aiming to facilitate system optimization and visualize the critical aspects of optical performance. The simulation results are demonstrated and discussed. Analysis results demonstrate that the design strategies proposed in this paper have been shown to be effective in reducing distortion as well as improving optical performance. We envision that the proposed design schemes will have a positive effect on research and application values for wide angle lens system.
The proceedings contains 41 papers from the conference on currentdevelopments in opticaldesign and engineeringvii. The topics discussed include: laser beams;spherical aberrations;bar code scanners;zoom lenses;mirro...
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The proceedings contains 41 papers from the conference on currentdevelopments in opticaldesign and engineeringvii. The topics discussed include: laser beams;spherical aberrations;bar code scanners;zoom lenses;mirror telescopes;linear detector arrays;streak cameras;laser projection displays;video color mixers;optomechanical design;aspherical mirrors;x-ray optics system;optical resins;high-power lasers;birefringence;light reflection;finite element method and mumerical simulation.
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