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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering VIII"

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Agile beam director system design (ROBS/TCATS optical tracker)

Agile beam director system design (ROBS/TCATS optical tracke...

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8th conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Neff, BW Trissel, RG Dunn, M Scotese, L Thermotrex Corp San Diego CA 92121 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

The ROBS (Rapid optical Beam Steering) tracking telescope was invented and developed at TTC to provide a high acceleration, large aperture beam steering system for rapid pointing to multiple objects. The optical system consists of a fast, oversized spherical primary mirror with the 50 cm aperture stop at the center of curvature of the primary mirror (CCP). A lightweight secondary mirror selects the instantaneous field of view by scanning over the petzval image surface of the primary mirror. The secondary mirror is gimbaled about the CCP on a rigid, lightweight mast. The system's symmetry about the CCP simplifies the optical and mechanical design and provides very rapid retargeting over a 30 degree field of regard for multiple target tracking. Field corrector and pupil relay optics inside the support tube collimate the light through coude' optics to passive sensors and laser radar optics. The 2-sphere, 2-asphere aplanatic, anastigmant all-reflective design corrects the 9.1 mr of spherical aberration from the F/1 primary and provides 10 microradian resolution over a 5 mr field of view. The system incorporates near field focus adjustment to provide high resolution imaging and laser ranging over a large volume of space. Two 50 cm systems have been built and demonstrated tracking multiple targets in the field. This paper describes the opto-mechanical design and demonstrated system capabilities.

关键词： telescope with spherical primary beam steering laser radar system optical tracker

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optical model of optical volume diffusion plate - BSDF measurement of polycarbonate plate doped with silicon dioxide micro particle 16

Optical model of optical volume diffusion plate - BSDF measu...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XVI

作者： Lin, Che-Chu Yu, Yeh-Wei Chen, Yu-Heng Le, Ming Sun, Ching-Cherng Chen, Jong-Wu Cheng, Chih-Yuan Natl Cent Univ Dept Opt & Photon Chungli 320 Taiwan Plast Ind Dev Ctr Taichung 407 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781628417449

High-efficiency diffusers play important roles in modern optical industry. The applications include back-light of television, uniform lighting, glare suppression, lighting decoration, and so on. In this paper, we develop optical volume diffusion plate using polycarbonate (PC) plate doped with silicon dioxide (SiO2) micro particle. The scattering distribution of diffusers is an important factor in the lighting design. Commercial detectors often measure the bidirectional scattering distribution function (BSDF) by a scanning and time-consuming method. We have proposed screen imaging synthesis (SIS) system in 2012, and it can easily measure the bidirectional transmittance distribution function (BTDF). In this paper, the optimized formula is presented to correct the vignetting effect and scattering effect caused by the screen. A quasi-Lambertian screen is made to enhance precision. Finally, we combine the SIS system with the rotation controller, and a semi-automatic measuring machine is built. The SIS generation can measure BSDF of the samples precisely and easily. In order to reduce glare problems and design a luminaire with uniform light distribution, we usually use diffusers to modulate the luminaire

关键词： BSDF BTDF BRDF Image reconstruction techniques

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Using effective medium theories to design tailored nanocomposite materials for optical systems 19

Using effective medium theories to design tailored nanocompo...

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19th conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering

作者： Werdehausen, Daniel Staude, Isabelle Burger, Sven Petschulat, Joerg Scharf, Toralf Pertsch, Thomas Decker, Manuel Carl Zeiss Corp Res & Technol Carl Zeiss Promenade 10 D-07745 Jena Germany Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena Abbe Ctr Photon Inst Appl Phys Albert Einstein Str 15 D-07745 Jena Germany Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Nanophoton & Metrol Lab CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland JCMwave GmbH Bolivaralle 22 D-14050 Berlin Germany Zuse Inst Berlin Takustr 7 D-14195 Berlin Germany Carl Zeiss SMT GmbH Semicond Mask Solut Carl Zeiss Promenade 10 D-07745 Jena Germany Fraunhofer Inst Appl Opt & Precis Engn Albert Einstein Str 7 D-07745 Jena Germany

ISBN: (数字)9781510620629

ISBN: (纸本)9781510620629

Modern optical systems are subject to very restrictive performance, size and cost requirements. Especially in portable systems size often is the most important factor, which necessitates elaborate designs to achieve the desired specifications. However, current designs already operate very close to the physical limits and further progress is difficult to achieve by changing only the complexity of the design. Another way of improving the performance is to tailor the optical properties of materials specifically to the application at hand. A class of novel, customizable materials that enables the tailoring of the optical properties, and promises to overcome many of the intrinsic disadvantages of polymers, are nanocomposites. However, despite considerable past research efforts, these types of materials are largely underutilized in optical systems. To shed light into this issue we, in this paper, discuss how nanocomposites can be modeled using effective medium theories. In the second part, we then investigate the fundamental requirements that have to be fulfilled to make nanocomposites suitable for optical applications, and show that it is indeed possible to fabricate such a material using existing methods. Furthermore, we show how nanocomposites can be used to tailor the refractive index and dispersion properties towards specific applications.

关键词： Nanocomposites Nanomaterials optical materials optical design optical Systems Dispersion engineering Effective medium theory Mie theory

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design verifications of a linear laser encoder with high head-to-scale tolerance

Design verifications of a linear laser encoder with high hea...

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8th conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Wu, CC Chen, YC Lee, CK Hsieh, CT Wu, WJ Lu, SS Natl Taiwan Univ Inst Engn Mech Taipei 10764 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

Laser encoders overcome the fundamental resolution limit of geometrical optical encoders by cleverly converting the diffraction limit to phase coded information so as to facilitate nanometer displacement measurement. As positioning information was coded within the optical wavefront of laser encoders, interferometry principle thus must be adopted within the design of the laser encoders. This effect has posed a very strong alignment tolerance among various components of the whole laser encoder, which in turn impose a serious user adaptation bottleneck. Out of all alignment tolerance, the head-to-scale alignment tolerance represents the most important hindrance for wider applications. Improving the IBM laser optical encoder design by taking into the consideration of manufacturing tolerance of various optical components, an innovative linear laser encoder with very high head-to-scale tolerance is presented in this article. Efficiency of the TE/TM incident Light beams on the grating scale used are examined theoretically and verified experimentally so as to provide design optimizations of the grating scale. Effect of various grating scales, quartz master or polymer-based grating replicate, is also detailed. Signal processing used to decode the quadrature based positioning optical signal is also studied. Experimental results that verify the resolutions of the tabletop laser encoder prototype by comparing the decoded quadrature signal and a HP laser interferometer output signal is also presented.

关键词： laser encoder alignment tolerance alignment tooling diffractive grating diffractive encoder

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design, fabrication, and metrology of polymer gradient-index lenses for high-performance eyepieces

Design, fabrication, and metrology of polymer gradient-index...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XIV

作者： Corsetti, James A. Visconti, Anthony J. Fang, Kejia McCarthy, Peter Schmidt, Greg R. Moore, Duncan T. Univ Rochester Inst Opt Rochester NY 14627 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819496911

High-performance eyepiece designs have been carried out using both spherical and radial gradient-index (GRIN) elements. Eyepiece designs of both geometries are shown to offer superior imaging performance with fewer elements when compared to purely homogeneous systems. These GRIN lenses are formed from monomer diffusion between polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and polystyrene (PSTY) during the polymerization process, resulting in a copolymer of the two homogeneous materials. A process for fabricating spherical GRIN elements is discussed where copolymer axial GRIN blanks are thermally compressed using spherical surface molds. This process curves the nominally-straight isoindicial surfaces of the axial GRIN rod to be consistent with the shape found during optimization of the design. Once compressed, the spherical blanks are diamond-turned for final surface figure and finish. Measurement of the GRIN profile is carried out using the Schmidt immersion technique in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Tolerances specific to GRIN elements are identified and determined to be readily achievable using the aforementioned manufacturing process.

关键词： Gradient-index spherical gradient-index polymer optics optical design eyepiece methyl methacrylate styrene

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Spatio-temporal structures of laser-induced anisotropy and applications

Spatio-temporal structures of laser-induced anisotropy and a...

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8th conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering

作者： Chen, X Berger, H Chaux, R Univ Bourgogne Phys Lab F-21078 Dijon France

ISBN: (纸本)0819432652

We report new observations of optical spatio-temporal structures formed in a naturally isotropic solid-state material. The phenomenon is due to laser-induced anisotropy. In fact, a part of the optical power is absorbed by the material which leads to the sample heating, the refractive index of the medium becomes laser power dependent under strong beam intensity excitation. This refractive index variation modifies in turn the optical polarization of the beam. As a consequence a polarization pattern is induced. If the material is placed near the laser beam focus, usually the induced depolarization is strong due to the high beam intensity. We observed however, that the induced depolarization is reduced sharply near the focus. This phenomenon was not observed up to now. We have developed a model which shows that both the index variations in transverse and longitudinal directions contribute to the phase shift, and are responsible for the depolarization As a result, the competition between these two contributions plays a key role in the polarization changes near focus. Our observation is accounted for by a transient nonlinear refractive index model. Good agreement with the theoretical description of the pattern formation is obtained. We found that in some appropriated experimental configurations, these spatio-temporal structures present advantages in the applications, e.g. in conceiving a two dimensional vectorial optical sensor.

关键词： optical pattern application spatio-temporal structure anisotropy

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Contact lens design with slope-constrained Q-type aspheres for myopia correction 18

Contact lens design with slope-constrained Q-type aspheres f...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering Xviii

作者： Peng, Wei-Jei Cheng, Yuan-Chieh Hsu, Wei-Yao Yu, Zong-Ru Ho, Cheng-Fang Abou-El-Hossein, Khaled Natl Appl Res Labs Instrument Technol Res Ctr Taiwan 20R&D Rd 6Hsinchu Sci Pk Hsinchu 300 Taiwan Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ Precis Engn Lab ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9781510612082;9781510612075

The design of the rigid contact lens (CL) with slope-constrained Q-type aspheres for myopia correction is presented in this paper. The spherical CL is the most common type for myopia correction, however the spherical aberration (SA) caused from the pupil dilation in dark leads to the degradation of visual acuity which cannot be corrected by spherical surface. The spherical and aspheric CLs are designed respectively based on Liou's schematic eye model, and the criterion is the modulation transfer function (MTF) at the frequency of 100 line pair per mm, which corresponds to the normal vision of one arc-minute. After optimization, the MTF of the aspheric design is superior to that of the spherical design, because the aspheric surface corrects the SA for improving the visual acuity in dark. For avoiding the scratch caused from the contact profilometer, the aspheric surface is designed to match the measurability of the interferometer. The Q-type aspheric surface is employed to constrain the root-mean-square (rms) slope of the departure from a best-fit sphere directly, because the fringe density is limited by the interferometer. The maximum sag departure from a best-fit sphere is also controlled according to the measurability of the aspheric stitching interferometer (ASI). The inflection point is removed during optimization for measurability and appearance. In this study, the aspheric CL is successfully designed with Q-type aspheres for the measurability of the interferometer. It not only corrects the myopia but also eliminates the SA for improving the visual acuity in dark based on the schematic eye model.

关键词： aspheric contact lens Q-type aspheres myopia spherical aberration schematic eye model visual acuity best-fit sphere

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Novel CNC polishing process for control of form and texture on aspheric surfaces

Novel CNC polishing process for control of form and texture ...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering III

作者： Walker, DD Beaucamp, ATH Brooks, D Freeman, R King, A McCavana, G Morten, R Riley, D Simms, J UCL Dept Phys & Astron Opt Sci Lab London WC1E 6BT England

ISBN: (纸本)0819445347

We first consider the potential impact of a technology that could deliver polished, accurate aspheric surfaces in a routine and automated manner. We then summarise the technical challenge, and present an appraisal of the performance of the novel 'Precessions' process, which is a major advance in this direction. We outline the design concepts behind the productionized CNC polishing machines which executes the process, and then describe the progress developing strategies to preserve form when polishing ground surfaces, and to correct form on both pre-ground and polished surfaces. Particular consideration is given to resolving the inherent difficulties of control of centres on rotationally-symmetric parts. We then report on experimental results achieved with the machines. Finally, we present our programme to extend the control-algorithms to handle fully free-form surfaces, and draw conclusions about the effectiveness and generality of the 'Precessions' technique.

关键词： Polishing Surface finishing Aspheric lenses Process control Raster graphics Spherical lenses Mirrors Astronomy optical instrument design Polishing equipment

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optical design for the Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Stimulator (ASSIST)

Optical design for the Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrume...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Hallibert, Pascal Arsenault, Robin Delabre, Bernard Esposito, Simone Hubin, Norbert Quirrenbach, Andreas Riccardi, Armando Stroebele, Stefan Stuik, Remko Vink, Ramon Leiden Observ POB 9513 NL-2300 RA Leiden Netherlands ESO DE-85748 Garching Germany Osserv Astrofis Arcetri I-50125 Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

A comprehensive suite of Adaptive Optics systems and AO-assisted instruments is currently under development for the VLT and will be built around a hyperbolic convex adaptive Deformable Secondary Mirror (DSM). In telescopes with such a secondary mirror, test and calibration of both the DSM and the science instruments using it are notoriously expensive and time-consuming. The Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Stimulator (ASSIST) is being developed to allow test and integration of three key elements of the future VILT Adaptive Telescope Facility: the DSM and 2 instrument-specific adaptive optics systems (GALACSI for MUSE and GRAAL for HAWK-I). The core of ASSIST is a standalone interferometric test setup for the DSM allowing its test at its center of curvature (significantly reducing the size of the classical hyperbole focii test configuration). This setup is completed by a star simulator for both natural and laser guide stars, a turbulence generator (for realistic AO performance measurements), a corrector system generating a VLT-like exit pupil and a Nasmyth rotator simulator interfacing with the two AO systems. In this paper we present the optical architecture of ASSIST, detailing the current design of the different parts of the system, and discuss its projected performance and compliance with the test and calibration requirements.

关键词： Adaptive Optics Deformable Secondary Mirror ASSIST Test Bench Pupil Imaging Turbulence Generator VLT Adaptive Optics Facility GALACSI GRAAL MUSE HAWK-I

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Manufacturing of Freeform Mirror by Milling and Altering its optical Characteristics by Ns-laser Polishing and ALD Coatings 15

Manufacturing of Freeform Mirror by Milling and Altering its...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XV

作者： Mutanen, Jarkko Kaakkunen, Jarno J. J. Tuovinen, Hemmo Hiltunen, Jouni Kivi, Sini Toiviainen, Maunu Vayrynen, Juha Laukkanen, Janne Prokofiev, Victor Paakkonen, Pertti Juuti, Mikko Kuittinen, Markku Monkkonen, Kari Univ Eastern Finland Inst Photon POB 111 FI-80101 Joensuu Finland BVTT Tech Res Ctr Finland Consolidat & Laser Technol FI-53851 Lappeenranta Finland CVTT Tech Res Ctr Finland FI-70211 Kuopio Finland Karelia Univ Appl Sci Centre Business & Engn FI-80200 Joensuu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781628412192

In this study we tested ns-laser and an atomic layer deposition (ALD) for polishing and coating CNC-machined aluminum freeform mirrors that are used in a compact multipoint fiber optical probe. Two types of ALD coatings, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide were tested. The surface roughness of mirrors was analyzed prior to and after nanosecond-laser polishing and coating them on a Beneq TFS 200 ALD device. The freeform aluminum mirrors with and without coatings were then measured with optical profiler. The results show that improvement in the surface roughness can be seen with ns-laser polished and ALD coated aluminum surfaces.

关键词： Diamond turning ns-laser polishing atomic layer deposition freeform optics

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