In this paper, combining refractive and diffractive effects, a new kind of infrared lenses with wavelength 10.6 mu m was designed and produced for CO2 laser material processing. This refractive-diffractive lens (RDL) ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819422517
In this paper, combining refractive and diffractive effects, a new kind of infrared lenses with wavelength 10.6 mu m was designed and produced for CO2 laser material processing. This refractive-diffractive lens (RDL) converts a CO2 laser beam into the rectangular shape with light intensity distribution in the concave shape at x-direction. A method which employs input aperture division and geometrical transformation technique for obtaining a better initial phase distribution of the iteration is presented. The experimental results show that the desired shape of the output light beam was obtained with a high efficiency in energy utilization.
A special surface geometry of diffractive Fresnel-lenses, which is well adapted to the kartesian working regime of most microlithographic machines, is presented in this paper. Due to this adaption the amount of data n...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819422517
A special surface geometry of diffractive Fresnel-lenses, which is well adapted to the kartesian working regime of most microlithographic machines, is presented in this paper. Due to this adaption the amount of data neccessary for the description of the exposure and also the exposure-time decreases drastically and so the realization of large area diffractive lenses and lens-arrays became possible. In this paper we compare the modified lens-geometry with the common radially symmetrical diffractive Fresnel-lens and we show some experimental results which we obtained for a lens realized by electron-beam lithography.
Demand for High NA objective lenses with diffraction limited image quality is growing. This demand translates in design more complex optical system with many optical components. In order to optimize the most favorable...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510644670
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510644670
Demand for High NA objective lenses with diffraction limited image quality is growing. This demand translates in design more complex optical system with many optical components. In order to optimize the most favorable arrangement of optical components new design methodology based on functional separation lens group in high numerical aperture (NA) objective was developed. For this purpose, all lens components were divided on the three-lens group: front group, middle group and output lens group. The front lens group includes front lens (thick meniscus for dry type of objective or thick piano-convex lens for immersion objective) and several a planatic shape meniscus lenses. The middle lens group consists of several cemented lens components (doublets or triplets) and output lens group includes "Double Gauss" lens system or combination of cemented doublet with one or two singlet lenses. The total number of lenses in such types of optical system can reach 15-16 or even more. design an optimal composition (optical components arrangement) for high numerical aperture objective lens will be discussed. Quantitative related parameter for optimal objective lens component's structure will be proposed.
The integration of diffractive optical elements (DOE) into an opticaldesign opens up new possibilities for applications in sensing and illumination. If the resulting optics is used in a larger spectral range we must ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781628412192
The integration of diffractive optical elements (DOE) into an opticaldesign opens up new possibilities for applications in sensing and illumination. If the resulting optics is used in a larger spectral range we must correct not only the chromatic error of the conventional, refractive, part of the design but also of the DOE. We present a simple but effective strategy to select substrates which allow the minimum etch depths for the DOEs. The selection depends on both the refractive index and the dispersion.
The task of this research project is to define the extent of applicability of such 3D self-manufacture approach to the production of optical fastenings. The resulting lack of equipment, to be used for demonstration of...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781510602861
ISBN:
(纸本)9781510602854;9781510602861
The task of this research project is to define the extent of applicability of such 3D self-manufacture approach to the production of optical fastenings. The resulting lack of equipment, to be used for demonstration of simple experiments, which would be both competitive in performance and cheap to produce, led to the decision to research opportunities for self-manufacturing.
Cryogenic optical systems are often mounted in vacuum cryostat. An interesting concern in the mechanical design is how to maintain the stability of the line of sight (LOS) of the cryogenic optical system when it is co...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819463671
Cryogenic optical systems are often mounted in vacuum cryostat. An interesting concern in the mechanical design is how to maintain the stability of the line of sight (LOS) of the cryogenic optical system when it is cooled down to very low temperature. To investigate this problem an experimental cryogenic optical system, its mounting structure, and a cryostat were designed and fabricated. After assembling them together, a test experiment for measuring the LOS drift was carried out. Finally, the test results will be presented in this paper.
We provide analytic formulas for fews aspheric terms either plano-convex or convex-plano aspheric lenses. These formulas are obtained considering an expansion in Taylor's series from exact caustic equation produce...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819496911
We provide analytic formulas for fews aspheric terms either plano-convex or convex-plano aspheric lenses. These formulas are obtained considering an expansion in Taylor's series from exact caustic equation produced by aspheric lenses. A comparison between our method and numerical methods of design are presented, showing a well agreement in order to reduce the spherical aberration.
This paper presents the results given by the nominal design and tolerance analysis of a narrow-field-of-view camera lens equipped with a rotating prism scanning system. The first aspects taken into consideration have ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819432652
This paper presents the results given by the nominal design and tolerance analysis of a narrow-field-of-view camera lens equipped with a rotating prism scanning system. The first aspects taken into consideration have been the compensation of the chromatic aberration, distortion reduction, and the correlation between depth-of-field and lens resolution. Then, a rigorous approach to determine the relationship between the field-of-regard direction and the prism orientations is discussed. Finally, the tolerance analysis results give the predictable pointing direction precision as function of the system tolerances.
Understanding the structure of the design space in optical system optimization is difficult, because common human intuition fails when it encounters the challenge of high dimensionality, resulting from the many optimi...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819492036
Understanding the structure of the design space in optical system optimization is difficult, because common human intuition fails when it encounters the challenge of high dimensionality, resulting from the many optimization parameters of lens systems. However, a deep mathematical idea, that critical points structure the properties of the space around them, is fruitful in lensdesign as well. Here we discuss simple systems, triplets with curvatures as variables, for which the design space is still simple enough to be studied in detail, but complex enough to be non-trivial. A one-to-one correspondence between the possible design shapes and the critical points resulting from a simplified model based on third-order spherical aberration within the framework of thin-lens theory could lead in the future to a new way to determine good starting points for subsequent local optimization.
A new three-dimensional analytic optics design method is presented that enables the coupling of three ray sets with only two free-form lens surfaces. Closely related to the Simultaneous Multiple Surface method in thre...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9780819492036
A new three-dimensional analytic optics design method is presented that enables the coupling of three ray sets with only two free-form lens surfaces. Closely related to the Simultaneous Multiple Surface method in three dimensions (SMS3D), it is derived directly from Fermat's principle, leading to multiple sets of functional differential equations. The general solution of these equations makes it possible to calculate more than 80 coefficients for each implicit surface function. Ray tracing simulations of these free-form lenses demonstrate superior imaging performance for applications with high aspect ratio, compared to conventional rotational symmetric systems.
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