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检索条件"任意字段=Conference on Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX"

共 445 条记录，以下是431-440 订阅

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design of an in-vivo microscope to characterize cataracts in human eyes 6

Design of an in-vivo microscope to characterize cataracts in...

引用

current developments in optical design and engineering VI conference

作者： Feng, C Ahmad, A Univ. of Alabama in Huntsville (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819422517

The design of a compact contact microscope, which can be used in-vivo to study the cataracts in human eyes is presented. This microscope has the capability to evaluate the changes in the optical density within the eye lens itself, and thus enabling an examiner to ascertain the progression of a cataractous change or at least the optical changes associated with cataractous development. The microscope has a variable focal length so it can be focused at any depth through the entire thickness of the eye lens. A separate small objective lens is spring loaded against the cornea (like a tonometer tip) so that the natural eye movements can occur safely during the examination. The distance between the objective lens and rest of the optics is variable to accommodate the movements of the eye due to pulse or breathing without affecting the image quality of the instrument. The layer by layer images can be captured on a CCD camera and stored in the computer. The reconstruction software can quantitatively display the characteristics of the cataracts, such as the location, size, and density. The optical design and performance results for the microscope are presented. The optomechanical design features of the microscope are also discussed.

关键词： in-vivo microscope contact microscope eye diseases cataracts CCD imaging

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The impact of zonal irregularity on infrared lens performance 6

The impact of zonal irregularity on infrared lens performanc...

引用

current developments in optical design and engineering VI conference

作者： Sinclair, RL Wescam Inc 45 Innovation Drive Flamborough L9H 7L8 ON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)0819422517

High performance infrared optical designs require careful tolerancing to ensure that the as built performance meets the system requirements. Using modem optical design programs a wide variety of single element and group tolerances can be defined and statistical analysis employed to formulate a prediction of the as built performance. When the number of units being produced is small or near diffraction limited performance is required, then a worst case analysis is often employed to generate a more accurate prediction. However, in some situations, such as low F/number lenses, certain effects that may be important are not always adequately addressed by first order tolerance analysis. This paper reviews one such effect;zonal irregularity or slope errors. To quantify the impact of zonal irregularity on the MTF performance of an infrared lens, detailed comparisons are made between measured and predicted performance. Interferometric analysis of the lens element irregularity is incorporated within the design to predict the as built lens line spread function.

关键词： infrared lens optical tolerances interferograms

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Development of a three-channel SWIR camera, for ground-based astronomical imaging. Two Micron All Sky Survey, 2MASS 6

Development of a three-channel SWIR camera, for ground-based...

引用

current developments in optical design and engineering VI conference

作者： Milligan, S Cranton, BW Skrutskie, MF Telic Optics Inc. (United States) Univ. of Massachusetts/Amherst (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819422517

The Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) project, currently underway, requires a camera mated to a 1.3 meter Cassegrain telescope that will simultaneously image the J, H and Ks spectral bands onto three separate NICMOS3 HgCdTe detector arrays. Dichroic beamsplitters allow the three FPA's to view the same field simultaneously. This paper reviews the development of this camera, presents a detailed analysis of the optical design, and discusses the techniques used to align the instrument and evaluate its performance. The low irradiance of astronomical sources, combined with background limited performance of the detectors, mandated a reimaging configuration and the enclosure of the camera optics within the cold volume. Correcting chromatic aberrations, and minimizing ghost images were additional challenges imposed by program requirements. The key to achieving high performance was found to be the selection of lens materials. The final F/3.5 optical design uses fifteen CaF2 elements and four Infrasil elements in an all-spherical configuration. The design is diffraction limited over the full format in the Ks spectral band, and is nearly so in the J and H bands. The tolerance environment is benign, making the design well suited for use in a cryogenic environment. A single channel prototype has been built and extensively field tested at the 50-inch telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory. Each channel in the multi-spectral camera uses the same optical design successfully demonstrated in the prototype. currently, the first of two three-channel cameras is undergoing lab tests for image quality and channel registration.

关键词： near infrared optical design astronomical imaging chromatic aberration cryogenic camera 2MASS sky survey

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optical-PERFORMANCE OF AXIAL GRADIENT AND ASPHERIC SURFACE lensES - STUDY AND ANALYSIS 4

OPTICAL-PERFORMANCE OF AXIAL GRADIENT AND ASPHERIC SURFACE L...

引用

conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： KASSIM, AM SHEALY, DL AL QUDS UNIV COLL SCI & TECHNOLDEPT PHYSJERUSALEMISRAEL

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

Using the caustic merit function for plane waves incident upon a singlet lens, a comparison between the optical performance of the lens using an axial gradient index with spherical surfaces or aspheric surfaces with constant index material has been investigated. Results indicate that the use of an inhomogeneous medium for the lens material is more effective in the controlling aberrations than the use of aspheric surfaces for a similar lens.

关键词： GRIN lenses Electronic filtering Aspheric lenses lenses Ray tracing Geometrical optics Refractive index Spherical lenses lens design Gradient-index optics

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USE OF LIQUID-CRYSTAL SWITCH IN SINGLE-lens-REFLEX CAMERA 4

USE OF LIQUID-CRYSTAL SWITCH IN SINGLE-LENS-REFLEX CAMERA

引用

conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： JUTAMULIA, S NIWA, H TOYODA, S KOWA CO LTD SAN JOSECA 95112

We propose the use of a liquid-crystal switch consisting of a liquid-crystal cell and a polarizing beam-splitter in a single-lens-reflex camera to replace a mechanical hinged-mirror. Since there is no vibration and no... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

关键词： Liquid crystals

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lens design USING A MINIMUM NUMBER OF GLASSES 4

LENS DESIGN USING A MINIMUM NUMBER OF GLASSES

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conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： ZHANG, SY SHANNON, RR UNIV ARIZONA CTR OPT SCITUCSONAZ 85721

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

Due to increasing environmental limitations on the use of certain raw materials used to make optical glasses, there is now an economic desire to minimize the number of glasses used in lens design. This paper presents the results of a study to create a suggested universal catalogue that contains the minimum number of glasses needed to satisfy most possible lens designs. A nearly symmetric double Gauss lens is used in the glass selection process. As part of this study, the relationship between the error function and the number of glasses chosen is studied, and in addition, a glass range study is also carried out. Three different lens libraries were studied using the global optimization method and the most frequently chosen glasses were then compiled into the suggested universal glass catalogue. A suggested universal glass catalogue constructed from this study is presented.

关键词： optical GLASS lens design

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ACHROMATIC ABERRATION CORRECTIONS WITH ONLY ONE GLASS 4

ACHROMATIC ABERRATION CORRECTIONS WITH ONLY ONE GLASS

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conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： MALACARA, D MALACARA, Z CTR INVEST OPT AC 37000 LEONMEXICO

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

It is well known and described in any geometrical optics textbook that the axial as well as the magnification chromatic aberration may be corrected in a system formed by a pair of thin lenses separated by a certain distance, using only one type of glass. However, it is not so well known that these aberrations may be also corrected in a single thick lens.

关键词： Chromatic aberrations lenses Glasses Geometrical optics Aberration correction optical design Refractive index

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NEW-TYPE PSEUDORANDOM POSITION optical ENCODER WITH SUBMICROMETER RESOLUTION - design AND CHARACTERIZATION 4

NEW-TYPE PSEUDORANDOM POSITION OPTICAL ENCODER WITH SUBMICRO...

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conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： DURANA, M MILES, R ROBERT, P SWISS FED INST TECHNOL INST METROLDEPT ELECT ENGNCH-1015 LAUSANNESWITZERLAND

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

The characteristics of a new twin-track absolute position optical encoder are presented. One track containing a pseudorandom code and the second a periodic pattern are synchronously engraved on a glass slab. The optical reading head design composed of a LED, a gradient index lens and a linear CCD array, with simple intensity-based signal processing to read the code pattern is described in detail. This design is combined with a standard Moire method to enhance resolution. Performance enhancement of the optical reading head is studied in terms of track illumination versus code density, detector geometry versus the lens point-spread function (Airy disk);and reduction of extrinsic spatial noise by the application of thick films. Each parameter was considered in terms of the optimal field of view and depth of field of the system. © 1994 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： ABSOLUTE POSITION ENCODERS PSEUDORANDOM CODES optical MEASUREMENTS INSTRUMENTATION

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DERIVATION OF STRUCTURAL INFLUENCE COEFFICIENTS FOR LONG-FOCUS IMAGING optical-SYSTEMS 4

DERIVATION OF STRUCTURAL INFLUENCE COEFFICIENTS FOR LONG-FOC...

引用

conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： DEBRUIN, JC JOHNSON, DB TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC CTR CONTROL SYST TECHNOLDALLASTX 75266

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

The structural influence coefficients for an imaging optical system map the decenter and tilt motions of the system elements to changes in the direction and orientation of the line-of-sight and image. A methodology is presented to calculate the structural influence coefficients for the lenses of long-focus (near-infinity) imaging optical systems. Single-lens systems are considered first, with the method then extended to handle multiple elements. Use of an arbitrary structural reference frame is discussed, along with an algorithmic, recursive approach to numerical calculation of the structural influence coefficients. A complete derivation is presented at each step, and an overview of the geometric optical principles involved is provided for reference. The method described allows ready calculation of influence coefficients without tedious ray-trace perturbations or dedicated optical analysis software. This paper is a companion to a previous paper by the authors, in which the structural influence coefficients for plane-mirror systems are derived. The influence coefficient method of both papers is unique in its use of line-of-sight reference frames as an optical kinematic tool to track pointing direction and image orientation.

关键词： STRUCTURAL INFLUENCE COEFFICIENTS IMAGING optical SYSTEMS optical KINEMATICS LINE-OF-SIGHT REFERENCE FRAMES GEOMETRIC OPTICS lens DECENTER STRUCTURAL VIBRATION MECHANICAL TOLERANCE

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STABILITY OF THE optical-PROPERTIES OF ABNORMALLY DISPERSIVE LIQUIDS 4

STABILITY OF THE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES OF ABNORMALLY DISPERSIVE...

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conference on current developments in optical design and optical engineering IV

作者： PETROVA, MV PLYUKHIN, AG TOLSTOY, MN ROBB, P SIGLER, RD LEARY, DF VAVILOV STATE OPT INST ST PETERSBURGRUSSIA

ISBN: (纸本)0819415871

Abnormal dispersion is found in a large number of optical liquids. These liquids are quite useful in the design of apochromatic lens systems because they are inexpensive and are readily available compared to the expensive abnormal dispersion glasses and crystals more commonly used. Further, there is no practical upper limit on the size of a liquid optical element. However, because the use of these materials as optical elements is quite new, the long term stability of their optical properties after exposure to various environmental conditions must be determined. In this paper, we report on a series of tests performed to determine the optical stability of several abnormal dispersion liquids. The liquids were subjected to: (1) high intensity ultraviolet radiation, (2) high temperatures, and (3) long term exposure to air. Measurements of both optical transmission and refractive index were performed before and after each exposure. The tests were performed on four abnormal dispersion liquids that have been found to be quite useful in the design of apochromatic lenses. The results indicate that long term exposure to either intense ultraviolet radiation or air, produced only negligible changes in the index of refraction. Changes in optical transmission were observed, but they were largely confined to the ultraviolet spectral region. Prolonged exposure to temperatures of 60 degree(s)C did not produce any measurable change in the optical properties. The measurements were performed at the Vavilov State optical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, in collaboration with Lockheed Palo Alto Research Laboratory, Palo Alto, California.

关键词： Liquids Ultraviolet radiation Absorption Glasses lens design optical properties Refractive index Visible radiation Lamps optical components

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