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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Bociort, Florian van Turnhout, Maarten Delft Univ Technol Opt Res Grp Lorentzweg 1 NL-2628 CJ Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

In present-day optical system design, it is tacitly assumed that local minima are points in the merit function landscape without relationships between them. We will show however that there is a certain degree of order in the design landscape and that this order is best observed when we change the dimensionality of the optimization problem and when we consider not only local minima, but saddle points as well. We have developed earlier a computational method for detecting saddle points numerically, and a method, then applicable only in a special case, for constructing saddle points by adding lenses to systems that are local minima. The saddle point construction method will be generalized here and we Will show how, by performing a succession of one-dimensional calculations, many local minima of a given global search can be systematically obtained from the set of local minima corresponding to systems with fewer lenses. As a simple example, the results of the Cooke triplet global search will be analyzed. In this case, the vast majority of the saddle points found by our saddle point detection software can in fact be obtained in a much simpler way by saddle point construction, starting from doublet local minima.

关键词： saddle point optimization optical system design lithography

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An optimized design of a scanning confocal probe

An optimized design of a scanning confocal probe

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Qiu, Z. R. Qin, J. Zhang, H. W. Zhang, G. X. Lu, Stephen C. Tianjin Univ State Key Lab Precis Measuring Technol & Instrume Tianjin 300072 Peoples R China Univ Southern Calif Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Basing on the principle of dynamic active confocal measuring method, a non-contact probe was introduced. The relation between the displacement of the object measured and the displacement of the oscillating unit was established by applying to the measure principle. To find the effect way to improve the output signal, a mathematical modal of the photoelectric signal was proposed. According to the mathematical modal, the diameter of the pinhole was decided and the optical path was adjusted, which improved the performance of the probe. It valuable to emphasize that the double lens oscillating unit was the crucial parts of the mechanical and optical structure. The tuning fork stimulating, inductive coils and the pinhole and photodiode adjuster device were designed according to the theoretical analysis, which were more convenient to the measure task. The stability of the oscillating unit was tested;and the optical and mechanical performance of the probe was validated by experiments using gage blocks combining with a micro-motion measuring mount model. The cost of a micro-displacement testing sensor was saved in designing of this kind of probe. A more accurate signal processing method was discussed in this paper.

关键词： dynamic active confocal mathematical modal structure stability

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The high contrast performance of an optical vortex coronagraph

The high contrast performance of an optical vortex coronagra...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Palacios, David M. Swartzander, G. A., Jr. CALTECH Jet Prop Lab 4800 Oak Grove Dr Pasadena CA 91109 USA Univ Arizona Sch Opt Sci Tucson AZ 85721 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

The goal of the Terrestrial Planet Finder Mission is to detect and characterize Earth-Re planets. Detection of these faint objects, which appear very close to their parent stars, requires a coronagraph capable of achieving better than 100 starlight suppression within a few Airy rings of the stellar image. The coronagraph is also required to maintain this high stellar extinction over a 100nm spectral bandwidth. To ease requirements on the telescope, a high planet light throughput and low sensitivity to wave front aberrations are also desirable features. An optical vortex coronagraph is a promising candidate architecture, which makes use of a spiral phase plate placed in an intermediate image plane to null out the stellar signal. This architecture has the advantage of high stellar extinction, high planet light throughput, and low sensitivity to wave front aberrations. Here we report the high contrast performance of an optical vortex coronagraph limited by the manufacturability of the spiral phase plate.

关键词： coronagraphs terrestrial planets optical vortices

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Novel technique for measurement of centration errors of complex, completely mounted multi--element objective lenses

Novel technique for measurement of centration errors of comp...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Heinisch, J. Dumitrescu, E. Krey, S. Triopt GmbH Hafenstr 39 D-22880 Wedel Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

The size and the focal length of camera objectives (e.g. cell phones or digital cameras) are becoming smaller and smaller. At the same time the quality requirements are increasing. Besides surface accuracy, the imaging quality of the complete optics is mainly influenced by the alignment errors of the single elements. TRIOPTICS has developed a new technology called Multilens((R)) in order to measure the centering errors of all single surfaces within an objective lens with up to 40 surfaces or more. We achieve accuracies in the range of an arc second. During the measurement the deviation of each center or curvature with respect to a reference axis is measured. These data are further processed in order to provide the shift and tilt of an individual lens or group of lenses in respect to a given reference axis (Patent pending Ref. 1). Applications mainly include the measurement of cell phone and digital camera lenses. However, any type of objective lens from endoscope up to very complex objective lenses used in microlithography can be measured with highest accuracy. The method has been extended to measure also the aspherical axis of lenses.

关键词： centering centration lens optical surface objective aspherical axis digital camera cell phone camera tilt shift

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optical design for the Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Stimulator (ASSIST)

Optical design for the Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrume...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Hallibert, Pascal Arsenault, Robin Delabre, Bernard Esposito, Simone Hubin, Norbert Quirrenbach, Andreas Riccardi, Armando Stroebele, Stefan Stuik, Remko Vink, Ramon Leiden Observ POB 9513 NL-2300 RA Leiden Netherlands ESO DE-85748 Garching Germany Osserv Astrofis Arcetri I-50125 Florence Italy

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

A comprehensive suite of Adaptive Optics systems and AO-assisted instruments is currently under development for the VLT and will be built around a hyperbolic convex adaptive Deformable Secondary Mirror (DSM). In telescopes with such a secondary mirror, test and calibration of both the DSM and the science instruments using it are notoriously expensive and time-consuming. The Adaptive Secondary Setup and Instrument Stimulator (ASSIST) is being developed to allow test and integration of three key elements of the future VILT Adaptive Telescope Facility: the DSM and 2 instrument-specific adaptive optics systems (GALACSI for MUSE and GRAAL for HAWK-I). The core of ASSIST is a standalone interferometric test setup for the DSM allowing its test at its center of curvature (significantly reducing the size of the classical hyperbole focii test configuration). This setup is completed by a star simulator for both natural and laser guide stars, a turbulence generator (for realistic AO performance measurements), a corrector system generating a VLT-like exit pupil and a Nasmyth rotator simulator interfacing with the two AO systems. In this paper we present the optical architecture of ASSIST, detailing the current design of the different parts of the system, and discuss its projected performance and compliance with the test and calibration requirements.

关键词： Adaptive Optics Deformable Secondary Mirror ASSIST Test Bench Pupil Imaging Turbulence Generator VLT Adaptive Optics Facility GALACSI GRAAL MUSE HAWK-I

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design of miniaturized optoelectronic systems using resonant micro scanning mirrors for projection of full-color images

Design of miniaturized optoelectronic systems using resonant...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Scholles, M. Braeuer, A. Frommhagen, K. Gerwig, Ch. Hoefer, B. Lakner, H. Schenk, H. Schwarzenberg, M. Fraunhofer Inst Photon Microsyst Maria Reiche Str 2 D-01109 Dresden Germany Fraunhofer Inst Appl Opt & Precis Engn D-07745 Jena Germany

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Projection systems comprising micromechanical. scanning mirrors are a promising approach for information display of any kind. If combined with advanced laser diodes as light sources, ultra-compact projection heads can be realized, as it will be shown in this contribution. Besides the laser, key component of the system is a special MEMS device, a two-dimensional resonant micro scanning mirror. The laser beam formed by collimator optics is directed onto the micro scanning mirror. Then, the reflected beam describes a highly complicated Lissajous figure on the projection screen with flare angles of up to 20 degrees. By driving the mirror and electrically modulating the intensity of the laser beam in a synchronous manner, projection of images can be achieved. Advanced techniques that guarantee improved image quality and allow compensation of artifacts because of relative movement between projection head, screen, and human observer will be described. Based on these principles, several optoelectronic systems have been designed. A monochrome projection head that incorporates the laser diode, optics and the micro mirror could be reduced to a volume of 15mm x 7 mm x 5mm. A slightly larger head is attached to a laser unit with red, green, and blue lasers via glass optical fiber for projection of full color images and video streams. All systems have VGA (640 x 480 pixels) resolution. They operate with 8 bit color depth per pixel and 50 frames per second. These key features in combination with the miniaturized size allow their use for a broad range of applications.

关键词： image projection scanning mirror MEMS resonant scanning micro optics

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design of a thermal imaging diagnostic using 90-degree, off-axis parabolic mirrors

Design of a thermal imaging diagnostic using 90-degree, off-...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering VII

作者： Malone, Robert M. Becker, Steven A. Dolan, Daniel H. Hacking, Richard G. Hickman, Randy J. Kaufman, Morris I. Stevens, Gerald D. Turley, William D. NSTec Los Alamos Operat 182 East Gate Dr Los Alamos NM 87544 USA NSTec North Las Vegas Operat Las Vegas NV 89193 USA Sandia Natl Labs Albuquerque NM 87185 USA NSTec Special Technol Lab Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA

ISBN: (纸本)0819463671

Thermal imaging is an important, though challenging, diagnostic for shockwave experiments. Shock-compressed materials undergo transient temperature changes that cannot be recorded with standard (greater than ins response time) infrared detectors. A farther complication arises when optical elements near the experiment are destroyed. We have designed a thermal-imaging system for studying shock temperatures produced inside a gas gun at Sandia National Laboratories. Inexpensive, diamond-turned, parabolic mirrors relay an image of the shocked target to the exterior of the gas gun chamber through a sapphire vacuum port. The 3000-5000-nm portion of this image is directed to an infrared camera which acquires a snapshot of the target with a minimum exposure time of 150 us. A special mask is inserted at the last intermediate image plane, to provide dynamic thermal background recording during the event. Other wavelength bands of this image are split into high-speed detectors operating at 900-1700 nm and at 1700-3000 nm, for time-resolved pyrometry measurements. This system incorporates 90-degree, off-axis parabolic mirrors, which can collect low f/# light over a broad spectral range, for high-speed imaging. Matched mirror pairs must be used so that aberrations cancel. To eliminate image plane tilt, proper tip-to-tip orientation of the parabolic mirrors is required. If one parabolic mirror is rotated 180 degrees about the optical axis connecting the pair of parabolic mirrors, the resulting image is tilted by 60 degrees. Different focal-length mirrors cannot be used to magnify the image without substantially sacrificing image quality. This paper analyzes performance and aberrations of this imaging diagnostic.

关键词： mid-IR imaging off-axis parabolic mirrors gas gun imaging IR camera pyrometry

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Mechanical fabrication of precision microlenses on optical fiber endfaces

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optical engineering 2005年第12期44卷 123402-1-123402页

作者： Milton, G Gharbia, Y Katupitiya, J Univ New S Wales Sch Mech & Mfg Engn Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

We present a purely mechanical means of producing highly concentric spherical lenses at the endfaces of optical fibers. The production process has two stages. First, conical lenses are produced in a grinding process that ensures excellent concentricity. Then, the conical lenses are transformed to spherical lenses using a novel process called loose abrasive blasting. The cone grinding is carried out on a microgrinding machine, which has a sophisticated control system that enables the production of precision conical lenses. The blasting is carried out on a diamond blasting machine. Plots showing automatic centering performance of the microgrinding machine and scanning electron microscopy images of the conical and spherical lenses are presented. (c) 2005 Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers.

关键词： microlens optical fiber endface cone grinding

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Mechanical fabrication of precision microlenses on optical fiber endfaces

Mechanical fabrication of precision microlenses on optical f...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering V

作者： Milton, G Gharbia, Y Katupitiya, J Univ New S Wales Sch Mech & Mfg Engn Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0819454613

关键词： microlens optical fiber endface cone grinding

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Variable-focus liquid lens for portable applications

Variable-focus liquid lens for portable applications

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering V

作者： Kuiper, S Hendriks, BHW Huijbregts, LJ Hirschberg, A Renders, CA van As, MAJ Philips Res Eindhoven NL-5656 AA Eindhoven Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)0819454613

The meniscus between two immiscible liquids can be used as an optical lens. A change in curvature of this meniscus by electrowetting leads to a change in focal distance. We demonstrate that two liquids in a tube form a self-centered tunable lens of high optical quality. Several properties were studied, such as optical performance, electrical characteristics and dynamic behavior. We designed and constructed a miniature camera module based on this tunable lens and show that it is very well suited for use in portable applications.

关键词： variable lens tunable lens liquid lens electrowetting dynamics camera

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