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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XIII

作者： Abgaryan, Artush A. Levi, Eli AISC Inc Hauppauge NY 11788 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492036

For E-beam transmission and transforming we developed an electrostatic focusing device with extraordinary demagnification and abilities for 100% transmission of an electron beam with uniform distribution of current density. This experimental electrostatic focusing system consists of two sections;the first is field formation and second is field free -for measurement space(1). The purpose of this article is to present the experimental results from our electro-optical system. The measurement instrument used in the laboratory set up is an adjustable scanning system, which includes a faraday cup with a 14um diameter tungsten wire, for measuring different cross sections. The measurement of the crossover point is based on a combination of theoretical and experimental processes. The theoretical uses calculations from the " CPO"(2) program and the experimental measures different cross sections which are much larger than the diameter of the tungsten wire. Theoretically, from trajectory calculations, the crossover point is approximately 0.446 mu m. This estimation is obtained by drawing an isosceles triangle from the experimental results and comparing it to another isosceles triangle created from the theoretically calculated trajectories. Both triangles together have a geometrically proportional ratio and differ by about one percent or less. The design of the electrostatic focusing system is achieved utilizing the CGMR (Cone and Golden Mean Ratio) approach (1, 3 and 4). This system is suitable for use in X-ray tubes(5), e-beam lithography, SEM, high speed photonic technology, and also for any EOS.

关键词： Electro-optical systems CRT EBL SEM X-Ray tube electro-vacuum devices

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design and fabrication of the near-ultraviolet birefringent Solc filter for the NASA IRIS solar physics mission

Design and fabrication of the near-ultraviolet birefringent ...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XIII

作者： Berger, Thomas Mudge, Jason Holmes, Buck Searcy, Paul Wuelser, Jean-Pierre Lemen, James Title, Alan Adv Technol Ctr Palo Alto CA 94304 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492036

The NASA Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) mission is a Small Explorer (SMEX) satellite mission designed to study plasma dynamics in the "interface region" between the Sun's chromosphere and corona with high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution. The primary instrument is a dual Czerny-Turner spectrograph fed by a 20-cm Cassegrain telescope measuring near-and far-ultraviolet (NUV, FUV) spectral lines in the ranges 133-141 nm and 278-283 nm. To determine the position of the slit on the solar disk, a slit-jaw imaging system is used. The NUV slit-jaw imaging system produces high spatial resolution images at two positions in the Mg II 280 nm spectral line complex using a birefringent Solc filter with two wide-band interference pre-filters for spectral order selection. The Solc filter produces a 0.36 nm full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) filter profile with low sidelobes and a peak transmission of 15% at 279.6 nm. The filter consists of two "wire grid'' polarizers surrounding 8 quartz waveplates configured in a modified Solc "fan" rotational pattern. The elements are optically coupled using DC200 silicon-based grease. The NUV Solc filter is sealed in a windowed cell to prevent silicon contamination of the FUV channel. The design of the sealed cell and assembly of the filter into the cell were among the most challenging optomechanical aspects of the IRIS spectrograph system.

关键词： Optics imaging birefringent filter near-ultraviolet far-ultraviolet satellite systems solar spectrum

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In-vivo imaging of keratoconic corneas using high-speed high-resolution swept-source OCT

Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of S...

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Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE 2013年 8802卷

作者： Marschall, S. Gawish, A. Feng, Y. Sorbara, L. Fieguth, P. Bizheva, K. Dept. of Physics and Astronomy 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Dept. of Systems Design Engineering 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada School of Optometry and Vision Science 200 University Avenue West Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780819496515

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive degenerative corneal disease that can lead to a strong deformation of the cornea and loss of clarity, causing distorted or blurred vision. Surgical treatment for severe cases requires precise evaluation of the corneal curvature, thickness, layer structure, and clarity. current clinical instruments for assessing the corneal shape cannot resolve the internal structure, and high-resolution microscopy techniques are limited to a small field of view. We have implemented a swept-source OCT (SS-OCT) system that enables high-speed imaging (100 kA-scans/s) of the entire cornea and provides ~5.1μm axial resolution in corneal tissue. With an imaging range of 5.6 mm (in air), we can cover the full length from the cornea's apex to the anterior surface of the lens. We have acquired volumetric corneal images from human subjects with different stages of KC and from subjects who underwent surgery or cross-linking therapy. We developed an automatic algorithm for segmenting the outer and inner surfaces of the cornea in the images which will enable precise measurement of the corneal curvature and thickness. This makes SS-OCT an ideal instrument for comprehensive examination of keratoconic corneas. © OSA-2013 SPIE.

关键词： Image acquisition

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Investigation of the optical and Structural Properties of WO₃ Thin Films with Different Sputtering Power Supplies

Investigation of the Optical and Structural Properties of WO...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XIII

作者： Chen, Hsi-Chao Jan, Der-Jun Chen, Chien-Han Huang, Kuo-Ting Luo, Yu-Siang Chen, Jia-Min Natl Yunlin Univ Sci & Technol Grad Sch Optoelect Yunlin 64002 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492036

The purpose of this research was to investigate the optical and structural properties of tungsten oxide (WO3) thin films deposited with three different sputtering power supplies: direct current (DC), DC pulse and radio frequency (RF). These WO3 thin films were deposited on ITO glass and silicon substrate with different gas ratios of oxygen and argon (O-2/Ar ratio). WO3 thin film is the role of the electrochromic window was resulted from the advantages of large variation in optical density, high response efficiency, no toxicity and low cost. The experimental results showed that optical intensity increased with the increasing of O-2/Ar ratio and all films have the 950cm(-1) peak which the bonding of W+6=O in Raman spectra. Hence, the O-2/Ar ratio was changed from 0.4 to 0.8 to study the ability of coloring and bleaching for the three different power supplies. Anyways, the WO3 thin films had the best electrochromic property at the O-2/Ar ratio of 0.7, 0.6 and 0.6 for DC, DC pulse, and RF, respectively. The transmittances could be over 75% for all films at as-deposited and the deposition rates were between 0.8 and 0.1 angstrom s(-1). Simultaneously, the transmittance variations (Delta T) were 51%, 57% and 53% for DC, DC pulse, and RF power sources at wavelength of 550 nm, respectively. The coloration ability of WO3 thin film deposition with power supply of DC pulse was better than that of the DC and RF.

关键词： Tungsten oxide (WO3) direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering pulsed DC sputtering radio frequency (RF) sputtering Raman spectra

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Measurement of optical Characteristics in Dielectric Liquid lens by Shack-Hartmann Wave Front Sensor

Measurement of Optical Characteristics in Dielectric Liquid ...

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conference on Novel optical systems design and Optimization XV

作者： Tung, Y. T. Hsu, C. Y. Yeh, J. A. Wang, P. J. Natl Tsing Hua Univ Dept Power Mech Engn 101 Guangfu RdSec 2 Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Natl Tsing Hua Univ Inst Nanoengn & Microsyst Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819492043

Liquid lenses based on the principle of driving two dielectric fluids via controlled electric field were investigated with an experimental apparatus designed for analysis of wave front read from a Shack-Hartmann sensor. Due to small available aperture and requirements in dynamic responses, wave front measurement was selected for study of optical characteristics in dielectric lenses. With the advent of commercial electro-optics sensors in wave front measurement, the experimental apparatus was first designed and simulated with the help of ASAP program. The simulated results proved the conceptual design with handful of engineering insights so that less trial and error efforts could be relieved from building the optics system on the bench. In-house built liquid lens modules with driving circuits were then set on the apparatus for initial calibration and functional tests. Since the electric field generated for the control of liquid profile must be alternating current, various frequency and modulation schemes were put through the liquid lens module to further study the influences on dynamic responses in terms of optical characteristics. Furthermore, effects due to material impurity and ambient effects were also carefully studied for established the fundamental phenomena of liquid lenses made of dielectric fluids. More detailed observations were possible with the measured wave-front data. In conclusion, the wave-front measurement proved to be more reliable and less expensive compared to measurement based on interferometer.

关键词： Liquid lens Variable Focus Wave Front Zernike Polynomials optical Characteristics

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Bioinspired tunable lens driven by electroactive polymer artificial muscles

Bioinspired tunable lens driven by electroactive polymer art...

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1st International conference on Biomimetic and Biohybrid systems, Living Machines 2012

作者： Carpi, Federico Frediani, Gabriele De Rossi, Danilo University of Pisa Interdepartmental Research Centre 'E. Piaggio' School of Engineering Pisa 56100 Italy Technology and Life Institute Pisa 56122 Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9783642315244

Electrical control of optical focalisation is important in several fields, such as consumer electronics, medical diagnostics and optical communications. As an alternative to complex, bulky and expensive current solutions based on shifting constant-focus lenses, here we report on an electrically tunable lens made of dielectric elastomers as 'artificial muscle' materials. The device is inspired to the architecture of the crystalline lens and ciliary muscle of the human eye. A fluid-filled elastomeric lens is integrated with an annular elastomeric actuator that works as an artificial muscle. Electrical activation of the artificial muscle deforms the lens, with a relative variation of focal length comparable to that of the human lens. optical performance is achieved with compact size, low weight, fast and silent operation, shock tolerance, no overheating, low power consumption, and inexpensive off-the-shelf materials. Results show that combing bio-inspired design with dielectric elastomer artificial muscles can open new perspectives on tunable optics. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.

关键词： Muscle

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Advanced optical design for DNA sequencing systems

Advanced optical design for DNA sequencing systems

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XII/Advances in Thin Film Coatings VII

作者： Sobolev, Kirill Joobeur, Adel Uhrich, Craig Aziz, David ASML (United States) Complete Genomics Inc. (United States) Midbar West Inc. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487384

Recent advances in DNA sequencing techniques require the development of high NA immersion microscope systems with large field-of-view, increased resolution and very tight distortion correction. This paper discusses the optical design and tolerance analysis of a NA 1.0 immersion microscope system with a field of view over 1 mm, which is to be used for four-color fluorescence spectroscopy. The microscope system includes an immersion objective lens and four tube lenses, and is corrected for a wide wavelength range from 490 nm to 712 nm. We will discuss critical aspects of designing this kind of optical system, including special glass selection required for chromatic correction.

关键词： DNA sequencing high-end microscope system lens design optical engineering

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Linear systems Formulation of Image Analysis in the Presence of both Aberrations and Surface Scatter

Linear Systems Formulation of Image Analysis in the Presence...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XII/Advances in Thin Film Coatings VII

作者： Choi, Narak Harvey, James E. Univ Cent Florida CREOL Orlando FL 32816 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487384

Image analysis in the presence of surface scatter due to residual optical fabrication errors is often perceived to be complicated, non-intuitive and computationally intensive. The linear systems formulation of surface scatter phenomena has resulted in the development of an angle spread function that is completely analogous to the point spread function in modern image formation theory;i.e., surface scatter can be treated very similar to conventional wavefront aberrations. For multi-element imaging systems degraded by both surface scatter and aberrations, the composite point spread function is obtained in explicit form in terms of convolutions of the geometrical point spread function and the angle spread functions of the individual surfaces of the imaging system. The approximations and assumptions in this formulation are discussed in detail, and the result is compared to the irradiance distribution obtained using commercial software for the case of a two-mirror EUV telescope. The two results are virtually identical.

关键词： Image Analysis Linear systems theory Aberrations Surface Scatter Angle spread function BRDF

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Progress in the SMS design method for imaging optics

Progress in the SMS design method for imaging optics

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XII/Advances in Thin Film Coatings VII

作者： Lin, Wang Benitez, Pablo Minano, J. C. Infante, Jose Biot, Guillermo Univ Politecn Madrid CEDINT E-28040 Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487384

In this work, two SMS algorithms are presented for an objective design with different selected ray-bundles: three meridian ray-bundles (3M) and one meridian and two skew ray-bundles (1M-2S), the latter from pin hole point of view, provides a better sampling of the phase space. Results obtained with different algorithms will be compared.

关键词： SMS method telephoto lens Meridian ray-bundle Skew ray-bundle imaging system

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optical design of the focal adjustable flashlight based on a power white-LED

Optical design of the focal adjustable flashlight based on a...

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conference on current developments in lens design and optical engineering XII/Advances in Thin Film Coatings VII

作者： Cai, Jhih-You Lo, Yi-Chien Sun, Ching-Cherng Natl Cent Univ Dept Opt & Photon Inst Lighting & Display Sci Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9780819487384

In the paper, we design a focal adjustable flashlight, which can provide the spotlight and the wide-angle illumination in different modes. For most users, they two request two illumination modes. In such two modes, one is high density energy of the light pattern and the other is the uniform light pattern in a wide view field. In designing the focal adjustable flashlight, we first build a precise optical model for the high-power LED produced by CREE Inc. in mid-field verification to make sure the accuracy of our simulation. Typically, the lens is useful to be the key component of the adjustable flashlight, but the optical efficiency is low. Here, we introduce a concept of so-called total internal refraction (TIR) lens into the design of flashlight. By defocusing the TIR lens, the flashlight can quickly change the beam size and energy density to various applications. We design two segments of the side of the TIR lens so that they can be applied to the two modes, and the flashlight provides a high optical efficiency for each mode. The illuminance of the center of light pattern at a distance of 2 m from the lamp is also higher than using the lens in the spotlight and wide-angle illumination. It provides good lighting functions for users.

关键词： Spotlight Wide-angle illumination LED TIR lens

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