design examples are given for imaging spectrometer systems operating in the solar reflected spectrum. design considerations and procedures are outlined for incoherently and coherently coupled systems. The case of a pa...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
design examples are given for imaging spectrometer systems operating in the solar reflected spectrum. design considerations and procedures are outlined for incoherently and coherently coupled systems. The case of a partially coupled system is also examined and it is shown why it is generally to be avoided.
An overview of opticalsystems utilized in JPL's optical Communications research is provided here. These include discussions on the flight terminal optics, the ground receiver aperture and the uplink beacon or com...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
An overview of opticalsystems utilized in JPL's optical Communications research is provided here. These include discussions on the flight terminal optics, the ground receiver aperture and the uplink beacon or command optical system. On-going efforts on these and beam-coupling techniques will be described.
This paper presents a signal analysis method with the purpose of detecting frequency chande and acceleration amplitude of vibrating-type accelerometer's output. The method has potential application for newly devel...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
This paper presents a signal analysis method with the purpose of detecting frequency chande and acceleration amplitude of vibrating-type accelerometer's output. The method has potential application for newly developed oscillating micro accelerometers.
We present a new suggestion for treating skew rays. In the new suggestion. we hypothetically divide a spherical lens. at each point of intersection of the incident rays with the spherical lens. into two effective perp...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
We present a new suggestion for treating skew rays. In the new suggestion. we hypothetically divide a spherical lens. at each point of intersection of the incident rays with the spherical lens. into two effective perpendicular lengthless cylindrical lenses. One of the hypothetical cylindrical lenses is effective in the vertical direction while the other is effective in the horizontal direction. A method is given for calculating the resulted vertical and horizontal angles of refraction. After calculating these angles one can combine. at that point of incidence. the two components into a vector sum to find the resultant refracted ray. The new suggested method is first discussed and demonstrated for one single lens. and then generalized to opticalsystems of many components. The method's power and effectiveness in lens and opticalsystemsdesign is demonstrated. A software package is designed and written for the purpose of optical ray tracing. The new method is implemented in this software. The name we gave to this package is "CALOSD". CALOSD is an acronym for Computer Aided lens and opticalsystemsdesign. CALOSD is capable of producing very accurate tabulated data as well as graphical displays of an optical system and rays traced from different points or angles of view: including a top view.
The display of 3D images containing all the depth cues required by the human vision system can be achieved using a reconfigurable Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) with high pixel count. A technique which has been dev...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
The display of 3D images containing all the depth cues required by the human vision system can be achieved using a reconfigurable Computer Generated Hologram (CGH) with high pixel count. A technique which has been developed to produce CGH's with the required number of pixels, and at video refresh rates, is known as Active Tiling((TM)) (AT). At the heart of an AT system is a set of replication optics which produces multiple images of a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) onto the CGH. The design of two alternative opticalsystems for generating a 5x5 tiled array of de-magnified images of a single object is discussed. Results are presented from a 4-channel AT system which has recently been built and demonstrated.
With the increasing sensor development, smart sensor, advanced sensor, and intelligent sensor, especially, distributed sensors, sensor network and sensor integration are being taken into account for application of our...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
With the increasing sensor development, smart sensor, advanced sensor, and intelligent sensor, especially, distributed sensors, sensor network and sensor integration are being taken into account for application of our environmental monitoring and Earth source investigation. This paper investigates the development of sensors in Earth observing (EO) satellites, analyzes the current high-resolution EO satellites and presents the direction of new imaging systems in future Earth observing satellite. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to those who are interested in knowing and keeping track of the details of the imaging system of earth observing satellites.
Injection molded optics are frequently applied in many high volume applications. Bar code scanners.. CD / DVD systems, CMOS cameras are a few examples. In all of these applications cost effective and fast design cycle...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
Injection molded optics are frequently applied in many high volume applications. Bar code scanners.. CD / DVD systems, CMOS cameras are a few examples. In all of these applications cost effective and fast design cycles are essential. At Philips High Tech Plastics we developed a design system that touches on all different aspects of the system design. Starting with traditional lensdesign (sequential ray tracing) and tolerancing we transport the initial design into mechanical solid modeling. During mechanical modeling, tolerances, injection molding design rules and integration of mechanical features, reference marks, etc. are incorporated as well. Here the full advantage of injection molding can be utilized. After the opto - mechanical modeling the system is ported back to non - sequential ray tracing for ghost - and stray light analysis. Finally extended tolerancing is performed in order to come to a robust high volume product. If necessary all or several steps in this design process are repeated in order to arrive at the final design. As an additional requirement the metrology possibilities for the design are checked at an early stage. This integral system approach to opticaldesign, including optical modeling (sequential and non-sequential) combined with mechanical solid modeling is presented using some recent examples.
The proceedings contains 15 papers from the Proceedings of SPIE: currentdevelopments in lensdesign and opticalengineering IV. Topics discussed include: Zernike polynomials and aberration balancing;opticaldesign fo...
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The proceedings contains 15 papers from the Proceedings of SPIE: currentdevelopments in lensdesign and opticalengineering IV. Topics discussed include: Zernike polynomials and aberration balancing;opticaldesign for imaging spectroscopy;integral optical system design of injection molded optics;structured design method for automotive lamp reflectors;opticalsystems for free-space laser communications;and current status and future direction of sensors in Earth observing satellites.
We present three designs and tolerances of wide-field imagers (30x30 arc-minutes or larger) for astronomical surveying. Two infrared cameras (CPAPIR and PANORAMIX II) were designed for the 0.8-2.4 mum band and a third...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
We present three designs and tolerances of wide-field imagers (30x30 arc-minutes or larger) for astronomical surveying. Two infrared cameras (CPAPIR and PANORAMIX II) were designed for the 0.8-2.4 mum band and a third one (WIRCAM) for the visible and near-infrared band extending from 410 nm to 950 nm. The cameras are installed on the telescopes of the Canada-France-Hawaii (Hawaii, USA) and Mont Megantic Observatories (Quebec, Canada). The three cameras are compact, use only spherical refractive components and have an internal pupil accessible for insertion of filtering components. A Lyot stop must be used in the infrared camera for background rejection. For PANORAMIX II, a set of filters is used at the internal pupil. Correction of the large off-axis aberrations generated by the telescopes, wide spectral coverage, material choices, cryogenic temperature and alignment were the main design challenges. Also, tolerancing was particularly critical for the infrared cameras because they are cryogenically cooled, thus forbidding adjustment of internal components. The cameras theoretical performances are presented in terms of point-spread function, encircled energy and distortion.
The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requested an optical diagnostic for measuring shock velocities, shock breakout times, and shock emission of objects with sizes of I to 10 mm. For the polar port of the target chamb...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0819450464
The National Ignition Facility (NIF) requested an optical diagnostic for measuring shock velocities, shock breakout times, and shock emission of objects with sizes of I to 10 mm. For the polar port of the target chamber, an 8-inch triplet lens collects light at f/3 inside a 30-foot-diameter vacuum chamber and uses an optical relay to send the image into two interferometers located at a distance of 160 feet. Light propagates through a VISAR (Velocity Interferometry System for Any Reflector) interferometer employing a Mach-Zehnder configuration. After exiting the interferometers the images are recorded, both by streak cameras and CCD gated imagers. Discrete magnification changes are accomplished by swapping out optical elements. Large dove prisms are used to rotate the image to align a selected region of the object with the slits of the streak cameras. Unique mounting structures are required to remotely control the alignment of the optical axis. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was performed on all mounting structures. The first 8-inch triplet can be no closer than 500 mm from the target chamber center and is protected by a blast window that has to be replaced after every event. The first several lens groups have to be fused silica for radiation resistance. A frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser, operating at 659.5 nm, is used to illuminate the moving object. The VISAR laser wavelength had to be different than the first, second, and third harmonics of the NIF drive lasers.
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