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Recent developments in evolutionary structural optimization (ESO) for continuum structures

IOP conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2010年第1期10卷

作者： Yi Min Xie Xiaodong Huang School of Civil Environmental and Chemical Engineering RMIT University GPO Box 2476V Melbourne 3001 Australia

Evolutionary Structural Optimization (ESO) and its later version bi-directional ESO (BESO) have gained widespread popularity among researchers in structural optimization and practitioners in engineering and architecture. However, there have also been many critical comments on various aspects of ESO/BESO. To address those criticisms, we have carried out extensive work to improve the original ESO/BESO algorithms in recent years. This paper summarizes some of the latest developments in the BESO method for topology optimization of continuum structures. Numerical results show that the ESO/BESO solutions agree well with those of other well-established topology optimization methods. It indicates that the current BESO method has great potential to become a robust and efficient design tool for practical applications in engineering and architecture.

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A SECOND GENERATION OF NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF NONLINEAR PIEZOELECTRIC MODELS IN COMMERCIALLY AvAILABLE TOOLS

A SECOND GENERATION OF NUMERICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF NONLINEAR...

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ASME International design engineering Technical conferences/Computers and Information in engineering conference

作者： Qidwai, M. A. Siddiq DeGiorgi, v. G. USN Res Lab Sci Applicat Int Corp Washington DC 20375 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780791843277

Domain switching based nonlinear behavior is characteristic of relaxor-type piezoelectric material such as PMN-PT single crystals. These materials offer significant device performance improvements over traditional polycrystalline piezoelectric materials such as PZT-5A. The promise of increased performance of these materials has led to work in development of constitutive characterizations so that material behavior under load and material failure mechanisms can be understood and predicted. However, there is a gap between development of such theoretical developments and in workable manifestations available as part of commercial finite element codes for use in device design. In the current work, the authors extend previously documented implementation of a macro-mechanical constitutive model which addresses domain switching, into a commercially available finite element code. A rate dependent version of the constitutive model has been successfully realized and used to reproduce a variety of piezoelectric constitutive behaviors.

关键词： Constitutive models

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Quantitative analysis of cell transparency and its implications for the design of chalcopyrite-based tandems

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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS 2009年第6-7期93卷 874-878页

作者： Schmid, Martina Klenk, R. Lux-Steiner, Martha Ch. Free Univ Berlin D-1000 Berlin Germany Hahn Meitner Inst Berlin GmbH D-14109 Berlin Germany

With respect to an efficient tandem construction the transmission of the top cell merits highest attention. For a cell on the basis of CuGaSe(2) we present here a detailed optical characterization. The initial focus is on the investigation of the individual layers making up the cell stack, followed by their combination. Results from considerations on light trapping in the CuGaSe(2) are shown as well as modifications of the transparent conducting back contact related to the absorber growth. Material parameters obtained in this way serve as input for an optical model. As an outlook we present a loss diagram for the short circuit current density of the bottom cell related to the optical properties of the CuGaSe(2) top cell. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.v. All rights reserved.

关键词： optical characterization Chalcopyrites Tandem cell Transparent back contact

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New developments in 850 and 1300nm vCSELs at JDSU

New Developments in 850 and 1300nm VCSELs at JDSU

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conference on vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XIII

作者： Graham, Luke A. Schnoes, Melinda Maranowski, Kevin D. Fanning, Thomas R. Crom, Max v. Feld, Stewart A. Gray, Matthew H. Bowers, Karen Silva, Steve L. Cook, Kirk Schomberger, Gayle Gable, Ben JDSU Louisville CO 80027 USA

Results on new 850nm and 1310nm vCSEL products under development at JDSU will be presented with emphasis on reliability criteria, advances in performance, and interconnect design. An update will also be provided on JD... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9780819474759

关键词： vCSEL 1310nm 850nm 95C TOSA reliability vertical

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MATISSE-v1.5 and MATISSE-v2.0: New developments and comparison with MIRAMER measurements

MATISSE-v1.5 and MATISSE-v2.0: New developments and comparis...

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Infrared Imaging Systems: design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XX

作者： Simoneau, Pierre Caillault, Karine Fauqueux, Sandrine Huet, Thierry Labarre, Luc Malherbe, Claire Rosier, B. ONERA Applied and Theoretical Optics Department Chemin de la Huniére 91761 Palaiseau Cedex France

ISBN: (纸本)9780819475664

MATISSE is a background scene generator developed for the computation of natural background spectral radiance images and useful atmospheric radiatives quantities (radiance and transmission along a line of sight, local illumination, solar irradiance .). The spectral bandwidth ranges from 0.4 to 14 üm. Natural backgrounds include atmosphere (taking into account spatial variability), low and high altitude clouds, sea and land. The current version MATISSE-v1.5 can be run on SUN and IBM workstations as well as on PC under Windows and Linux environment. An IHM developed under Java environment is also implemented. MATISSE-v2.0 recovers all the MATISSE-v1.5 functionalities, and includes a new sea surface radiance model depending on wind speed, wind direction and the fetch value. The release of this new version in planned for April 2009. This paper gives a description of MATISSE-v1.5 and MATISSE-v2.0 and shows preliminary comparison results between generated images and measured images during the MIRAMER campaign, which hold in May 2008 in the Mediterranean Sea. ©2009 SPIE.

关键词： Surface waters

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Highly birefringent suspended-core microstructured fibre for sensing application

Highly birefringent suspended-core microstructured fibre for...

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20th International conference on optical Fibre Sensors

作者： Chamorovskiy, Yu.K. Gubin, v.P. Morshnev, S.K. Nikitov, S.A. Okhotnikov, O.G. Ryabko, M.v. Starostin, N.I. vorob'Ev, I.L. Instutute of Radio-engineering and Electronics Russian Academy of Sciences Mokhovaya 11-7 Moscow Russia Optoelectronics Research Centre Tampere University of Technology Korkeakoulunkatu 3 33720 Tampere Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9780819478146

The novel microstructured optical fibres (MOF) with suspended core design guiding linear and quasi-circular polarized modes has been developed which demonstrates linear birefringence scalable in a range 510-4 to 210-2 by tuning the core size. The SPUN type of this MOF exhibits a high magneto-optical effect for sensitive coil diameter of 5 mm and shows no degradation of performance, e.g. optical losses and magneto-optical sensitivity, for turns number of 102÷104. The transmission losses are 24 dB/km and the magneto-optical sensitivity approaches the value of 70% of theoretical limit for small diameter coil. The potential applications of such MOF in gyro and optical current transformer will be discussed. © 2009 SPIE.

关键词： Birefringence

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Low-threshold terahertz quantum-cascade lasers with one-well injector operating up to 174 K

Low-threshold terahertz quantum-cascade lasers with one-well...

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2009 conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics and 2009 conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science conference, CLEO/QELS 2009

作者： Kumar, Sushil Hu, Qing Reno, John L. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Sandia National Laboratories Center of Integrated Nanotechnologies MS 1303 Albuquerque NM 87185-1303 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528698

We report operation of v ∼ 2.7 THz quantum-cascade lasers (QCLs) up to 174 K. A new three-well active region, one-well injector scheme is utilized to lower the operating current densities. While the temperature performance of this design is comparable to that of the best published THz QCLs, lower operating current densities make this design a viable alternative. © 2009 optical Society of America.

关键词： Quantum cascade lasers

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Research sources of ionizing radiation based on transplutonium elements

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IOP conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2010年第1期9卷

作者： v M Radchenko M A Ryabinin JSC 'SSC RIAR' Dimitrovgrad-10 Ulyanovsk region Russia

Scientific and technical demand stimulates an extension of the practical implementation field of TPE, requirements to their ecological safety calling for the development of such materials which could be most resistant to the environment and most suitable for the production of a wide range of sources different in their application and design. Such materials can involve pure metals of transplutonium elements and their alloys with metals of platinum group as well as their chemically stable compounds (such as silicides, carbides etc.) At SSC RIAR production processes of sources of different type and application have been implemented. Examples of the most recent developments of the sources are presented below. Presented is the analysis of the current state of issues related to designing, production and application of radionuclide research sources based on transplutonium elements. Examples of the development of the most up-to-date sources of alpha-, gamma- and neutron radiation and also fission ones are considered.

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Recent developments in Optimizing optical Tools for Air Bubble Detection in Medical Devices Used in Fluid Transport

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13th International conference on Biomedical engineering (ICBME)

作者： Ravichandran, S. Shanthini, R. Naadhirah, R. R. Nur Yikai, W. Deviga, J. Prema, M. Clinton, L. Temasek Polytech Temasek Engn Sch Singapore 529757 Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9783540928409

Modelling techniques for optimizing bubble detection tools in the infrared band used in conjunction with a drug transport mechanism for the transport of intravenous fluids in clinical practice have been evaluated qualitatively using simulation techniques. Sensors which are used in signal processing often have limitation when they are made to work in noisy environment. Noise in the working environment can be from various sources such as from power line, high frequency RF fields and background luminance. In case of certain optical sensors, coupling schemes and the interference from devices which are in close proximity to the sensors can also contribute to significant noise. Qualitative studies on the effect of background luminance noise have provided a good understanding on the degree of susceptibility of the optoelectronic receiver for various luminance noises resulting in interferences in the output of a tool developed for the detection of air bubbles in fluid pathways called the "optical Bubble Detection Tool". Experience gained from the earlier studies has provided the required knowledge for developing a design which is less susceptible to external disturbances. The dynamic excitation method for the "optical Bubble Detection Tool" was introduced by modifying the electronic interface of the earlier "optical Bubble Detection Tool". This was easily achieved by understanding the requirements of the pulsed current for energizing the transmitter of the "optical Bubble Detection Tool". As the frequency of excitation and the intensity of the emitted infrared are factors which decide the resolution and sensitivity of the "optical Bubble Detection Tool", it was optimized for several operating environments which are under the influence of other external radiations in the visible range and non-visible range.

关键词： Bubble detection tool Background luminance noise optical sensors

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Fabrication and process characterization of atom transistor chips

Fabrication and process characterization of atom transistor ...

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TRANSDUCERS 2009 - 15th International conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems

作者： Chuang, H.C. Salim, E.A. vuletic, v. Anderson, D.Z. Bright, v.M. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO United States Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO United States Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441938

This paper describes the design and fabrication of an atom chip for atom tunneling experiments. A fabrication process was developed that uses a combination of Uv-optical and Electron-Beam lithography to pattern micrometer and nanometer scale copper wires on a single chip. The minimum wire width fabricated in this work is 200nm. The wires can carry current densities of more than 7.5107 A/cm2. The electrical current tests establish the feasibility of realizing chip-based atom tunneling experiments. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Atoms

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