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International conference on Applications of Photonics Technology

作者： Roberts, S Natl Res Council Canada Victoria BC V9E 2E7 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)081945527X

This paper reviews Canadian involvement in the development of a 20 to 30-m large optical telescope. The history of Canadian Large optical Telescope development is presented, from initial studies to replace the Canada France Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) on Mauna Kea, to the development of the very Large optical Telescope 20-m design, to the current partnership of Canada, the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), the California Institute of Technology, and the University of California in developing the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). Canadian technical studies are reviewed, including details of aerodynamic studies, enclosure and telescope structural designs, optics, mirror coatings, adaptive optics and instrumentation, performance simulations and integrated modeling. The current status of technical developments in the TMT project is presented.

关键词： large optical telescope Canada vLOT TMT

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Energy-efficient coatings in the Nanohouse™ initiative

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current APPLIED PHYSICS 2004年第2-4期4卷 381-384页

作者： Smith, GB Ford, MJ Masens, C Muir, J Univ Technol Sydney Inst Nanoscale Technol Broadway NSW 2007 Australia Univ Technol Sydney Fac Design Architecture & Bldg Broadway NSW 2007 Australia

The University of Technology Sydney (UTS), in collaboration with CSIRO has created the Nanohouse(TM) Initiative, a concept that serves as the conceptual framework for various pedagogical, scientific, architectural and engineering activities at the University. Housing is a significant item in both personal and regional budgets, and the Nanohouse(TM) therefore serves as a powerful vehicle for demonstrating nanotechnologies. One of the major energy-efficient components of the Nanohouse(TM) are nanoengineered coatings and films for transparent and translucent surfaces that modify their optical properties. These nanostructured materials can provide wavelength-selective control of reflection, absorption and transmission of light as well as angular selectivity for directional control, making it possible to design houses that have very large windows and skylights, but which nevertheless remain cool in summer and warm in winter. We have already made significant progress towards the development of these nanotechnologies. In this paper will be discuss the design and performance of these optically controllable nanocoatings and their application to the Nanohouse(TM). (C) 2003 Elsevier B.v. All rights reserved.

关键词： nanoparticles NIR absorption solar control glazing optical coatings

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Four-channel pulse generator for real-time biological investigations

Four-channel pulse generator for real-time biological invest...

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2004 IEEE International Power Modulator conference: 26th International Power Modulator Symposium and 2004 High voltage Workshop

作者： Gundersen, Martin A. Behrend, Matthew R. Sun, Yinghua vernier, P. Thomas Kuthi, Andras Department of Electrical Engineering - Electrophysics University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 90089-0271

New advances in pulse generators for real-time fluorescence microscopy of cell electroperturbation are presented. A MicroPulser described here is constructed as part of a fluorescence imaging system to expose four independent samples on a single microscope slide to nanosecond pulsed electric fields. The all solid-state pulse generator is a totem pole design delivering 450 v pulses with 0.5-ohm source impedance. The pulse generator, voltage monitor, current monitor, four-channel selection circuit, and housekeeping are contained on a 2.5 inch × 3.8 inch printed circuit board (PC board). Temporal features of a TTL level trigger input are replicated by the variable 0 to 450 v output pulse. Pulse width can range from 11 ns to DC with rise and fall times of about 3 ns. The pulse generator and interchangeable microscope slide reside on a customized stage insert plate for the fluorescence microscope. optical and electrical interface to the sample on stage are made simultaneously. We describe here the design of the MicroPulser system, the pulse generator electronics, and electrode chamber for cells. © 2004 IEEE.

关键词： Pulse generators

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QWIP products and building blocks for high performance systems

QWIP products and building blocks for high performance syste...

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conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XXX

作者： Costard, E Bois, P Marcadet, X Nedelcu, A THALES Res & Technol F-91404 Orsay France

ISBN: (纸本)0819453293

Standard GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIP) are coming out from the laboratory. In this presentation we demonstrate that production and research cannot be dissociated in order to make the new generation of thermal imagers benefit as fast as possible from the building blocks developed by researchers. Since 2002, the THALES Group has been manufacturing sensitive arrays using QWIP technology based on AsGa techniques through THALES Research and Technology Laboratory. This QWIP technology, integrated in IDDCA built by Sofradir, allows the realization of large staring arrays for Thermal Imagers (TI) working in the IR band III (8-12 mum). A review of the current QWIP products, offered by Sofradir, is presented. In the past researchers claimed many advantages of QWIPs. Uniformity was one of these and was the key parameter for the production start. Another advantage widely claimed also for QWIPs was the so-called band-gap engineering, allowing the custom design of quantum structure to fulfill the requirements of specific applications like very long wavelength or multispectral detection. In this presentation, we present the performances for Middle Wavelength InfraRed (MWIR) detection and demonstrate the ability of QWIP to cover the two spectral ranges (3-5 mum and 8-20 mum). At last but not least, the versatility of the GaAs processing appeared for QWIPs as an important gift. This assumption was well founded. We give here some results achieved on building blocks for two color QWIP pixels. We also report the expected performances of focal plane arrays we are currently developing with the CEA-LETI-SLIR.

关键词： QWIP infrared detectors focal plane arrays III-v MWIR LWIR

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Physical Model and Scattering Dynamics engineering for Intersubband Lasers and Photodetectors

Physical Model and Scattering Dynamics Engineering for Inter...

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conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices

作者： P. Harrison v.D. Jovanovic M. Eric N. vukmirovic I. Savic A. Mircetic J. Radovanovic J. McTavish C. Evans Z. Ikonic R.W. Kelsall v. Milanovic D. Indjin School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of Leeds Leeds UK Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Belgrade Belgrade Serbia

A fully quantum-mechanical model for electron transport in quantum devices, based on a self-consistent solution of the coupled rate equations, was applied to design of novel intersubband optically pumped or quantum cascade lasers and quantum-well infrared photodetectors. The important macroscopic parameters like I-v curves, laser gain, threshold current density, responsivity and capture probability can be estimated directly from this first-principles calculation. The presentation will review the method and describe its application to infrared and terahertz devices based on various semiconductor heterostructure systems

关键词： Laser modes Laser theory Photodetectors Quantum cascade lasers optical scattering Pump lasers Particle scattering Electrons optical coupling Equations

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A low-power & low-noise 2.5-Gb/s optical receiver IC in 0.35 /spl mu/m CMOS

A low-power & low-noise 2.5-Gb/s optical receiver IC in 0.35...

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IEEE International conference on Semiconductor Electronics (ICSE)

作者： M. Jalali A. Zarifkar A. Emami M. Soroosh Electrical Eng. Department Tarbiat Modarres University Tehran IRAN Optical Technology Department Iran Telecommunication Research Center Tehran IRAN IC-Design Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department Tarbiat Moalem University Tehran Iran

In this paper, we report on the design and characterization of an inductor-less, 2.5Gbit/s optical receiver IC in a 0.35/spl mu/m standard digital CMOS process. For implementation of the receiver a wideband low-noise trans-impedance amplifier (TIA) has been intended along with an AGC circuit to calibrate the TIA's performance against the variation of input optical power. To resemble the real conditions we try to use a complete physical based PIN photodiode model at the front end of the receiver. Simulation results indicate that the circuit has a power consumption of about 10mW with a 3v power supply. The input noise current density of amplifier has been found out to be less than 2pA//spl radic/H.

关键词： optical receivers CMOS integrated circuits Photonic integrated circuits optical amplifiers optical noise optical design CMOS digital integrated circuits CMOS process Semiconductor optical amplifiers Broadband amplifiers

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Hot Electron Injection Laser Controlled Carrier-Heating Induced Gain Switching

Hot Electron Injection Laser Controlled Carrier-Heating Indu...

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conference on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials and Devices

作者： R.C.P. Hoskens T.G. van de Roer E. Smalbrugge J.J.M. Kwaspen v.I. Tolstikhin Hark Hoe Tan C. Jagadish G.A. Acket Department of Electrical Engineering Opto-Electronic Devices Group Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Eindhoven Netherlands MetroPhotonics Inc. Ottawa Canada Electronic Materials Engineering Australian National University Canberra Australia

The novel hot electron injection laser (HEL), a three-terminal vertically integrated transistor-laser structure, is designed to investigate and possibly utilize the effects of carrier-heating on the optical gain and wavelength chirp. Simulations show the potential of carrier heating assisted gain switching to directly modulate the optical field intensity at frequencies up to 100 GHz while maintaining control over the wavelength chirp. The HEL is designed to demonstrate these results through independent but complementary control over the concentration and the energy of the electrons injected into the active layer. Previous research has shown though that proper LIv behavior and a strong carrier heating efficiency requires a trade-off between electron heating and hole leakage current. Furthermore, stringent control over the epitaxial growth is crucial for these devices. Recent devices now show proper LIv behavior and strongly reduced threshold current densities around 2 kA/cm 2 at room temperature. They also show the external `heating' voltage modulating the intensity of the lasing mode. The possible link between this modulation and carrier heating is further explored

关键词： Secondary generated hot electron injection optical control Heating optical modulation Electron optics Intensity modulation optical design Integrated optics Chirp modulation Frequency

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Four-channel pulse generator for real-time biological investigations

Four-channel pulse generator for real-time biological invest...

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IEEE Symposium Power Modulator

作者： M.A. Gundersen M.R. Behrend Yinghua Sun P.T. vernier A. Kuthi Department of Electrical Engineering-Electrophysics University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

New advances in pulse generators for real-time fluorescence microscopy of cell electroperturbation are presented. A MicroPulser described here is constructed as part of a fluorescence imaging system to expose four independent samples on a single microscope slide to nanosecond pulsed electric fields. The all solid-state pulse generator is a totem pole design delivering 450 v pulses with 0.5-ohm source impedance. The pulse generator, voltage monitor, current monitor, four-channel selection circuit, and housekeeping are contained on a 2.5 inchtimes3.8 inch printed circuit board (PC board). Temporal features of a TTL level trigger input are replicated by the variable 0 to 450 v output pulse. Pulse width can range from 11 ns to DC with rise and fall times of about 3 ns. The pulse generator and interchangeable microscope slide reside on a customized stage insert plate for the fluorescence microscope. optical and electrical interface to the sample on stage are made simultaneously. We describe here the design of the MicroPulser system, the pulse generator electronics, and electrode chamber for cells

关键词： Pulse generation Microscopy Fluorescence Monitoring optical pulses optical imaging Nanobioscience Solid state circuits Impedance voltage

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The decline of impregnated cathodes in CRTs

The decline of impregnated cathodes in CRTs

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International vacuum Electron Sources conference, IvESC

作者： D. den Engelsen Linsu Tong LG. Philips Displays Netherlands B.V Eindhoven Netherlands Electronic Engineering Department South-East University Nanjing China

In the 1990s, various CRT-companies introduced impregnated cathodes (I-cathodes) in color picture tubes (CPTs) in order to meet the requirements of good life performance at high beam currents. The initially successful introduction of I-cathodes in mass production did not result in a complete change over; on the contrary, I-cathodes are gradually phased out from CRTs. The reasons are the recent improvements of oxide cathodes, rather high cost of I-cathodes, sensitivity of I-cathodes for ion bombardment and electron optic considerations.

关键词： Cathode ray tubes current density Electron optics Displays Glass Mass production Costs Electron beams Electron guns optical design

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Processor-group aware runtime support for shared-and globaladdress space models

Processor-group aware runtime support for shared-and globala...

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International conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (ICPPW)

作者： M. Krishnan v. Tipparaju B. Palmer J. Nieplocha Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

Exploiting multilevel parallelism using processor groups is becoming increasingly important for programming high-end systems. This paper describes a group-aware run-time support for shared-/global- address space programming models. The current effort has been undertaken in the context of the Aggregate Remote Memory Copy Interface (ARMCI) [1], a portable runtime system used as a communication layer for Global Arrays [2], Co-Array Fortran (CAF) [3], GPSHMEM [4], Co-Array Python [5], and also end-user applications. The paper describes the management of shared memory, integration of shared memory communication and remote direct memory access (RDMA) on clusters with SMP nodes, and registration. These are all required for efficient multi- method and multi-protocol communication on modern systems. Focus is placed on techniques for supporting process groups while maximizing communication performance and efficiently managing global memory system-wide.

关键词： Runtime Memory management Parallel processing conferences Protection Context Laboratories Parallel programming Access protocols Availability

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