Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, is closely associated with attention deficits that manifest through eye and head movements. Previous studies on the eye gaze and head posture o...
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as a complex neurodevelopmental disorder, is closely associated with attention deficits that manifest through eye and head movements. Previous studies on the eye gaze and head posture of children with ASD have been somewhat limited by the contexts in which the children were observed, Exploring head and eye coordination in natural environments is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies applicable to everyday life. This paper aims to examine the perceptual and behavioral responses of children with ASD in simulated real-life social environments. Using asocial interaction paradigm based on real-life scenarios, we propose a joint probabilistic modeling method for head and eye behaviors. This method includes the influence of head posture on gaze direction in eye-tracking studies within social interaction contexts. For each participant, we establish a data-driven Markov chain model based on individual data, preserving the temporal nature of eye movement behavior and the highly individualized nature of visual behavior. We conducted experiments on a video dataset of children with ASD that we collected, achieving a classification accuracy of 79.66%, demonstrating the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed method. Additionally, we found that one manifestation of attention deficits in children with ASD is an increased occurrence of head-eye counter movement. This finding provides new reference indicators for the early diagnosis and screening of ASD.
The coupling between anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising alternative for sustainable energy production. This study presents a dynamic model tailored for a lab-scale anaerobic digest...
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The coupling between anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising alternative for sustainable energy production. This study presents a dynamic model tailored for a lab-scale anaerobic digester operating on HTC products, specifically hydrochar and HTC liquor derived from sewage and agroindustrial digestate. Leveraging a modified version of the Anaerobic Model 2 (AM2), our simplified model of four states integrates pH and biomass decay rates into biomass kinetics. Simulation results of the mode were compared with experimental data collected over 164 days from the digester. The obtained results have proven the ability of the proposed model to predict the trend of the biogas production as well as important measured outputs of the bioreactor. The developed model could be used to control and optimize the performance of the digester, which provides potential for bioenergy production from waste streams such as digestate and digestate treated through the HTC process.
The geometrical modeling of granular objects is a complex challenge that exists in many scientific fields, such as the modeling of granular materials or rocks and coarse aggregates with applications in civil, mechanic...
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The geometrical modeling of granular objects is a complex challenge that exists in many scientific fields, such as the modeling of granular materials or rocks and coarse aggregates with applications in civil, mechanical, and chemical engineering. In this paper, a model called SPHERE (Stochastic process for Highly Effective Radial Expansion) is proposed, which is based on the deformation of an ellipsoid mesh using multiple 3D Gaussian random fields. The model is designed to be flexible (full control over 2D and 3D morphological properties of granular objects), ultra-fast (over 1000 aggregates in less than 5 s), and independent of the mesh and base shape used (as long as it is a star-shaped object). The flexibility of the model and its ability to reflect real data is illustrated using images of latex nanoparticle aggregates. Using 2D measurements on images from a morphogranulometer, a method based on the SPHERE model is proposed to estimate the 3D morphological properties of aggregates. A multiscale optimization process is applied, in particular using a partial reconstruction of 2D shapes from elliptic Fourier descriptors, in order to best reproduce the shape, angularity and texture of the aggregates using the SPHERE model. Validation of the method on 3D printed data shows relative errors of less than 3% for all measured 2D and 3D morphological characteristics, and validation on a population of synthetic objects shows relative errors of less than 6%. The results are compared and discussed with those obtained using other models based on overlapping spheres and show consistency with previous work. Finally, suggestions for improvement are given
The design and development of Analytical Information Systems demand efficient techniques and technologies for processing vast amounts of data that arrive at high velocity or that are available in legacy/operational sy...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9783031610066;9783031610073
The design and development of Analytical Information Systems demand efficient techniques and technologies for processing vast amounts of data that arrive at high velocity or that are available in legacy/operational systems. While many advances have been verified in the technological field to deal with the potential volume, velocity, and variety of the data, fewer contributions can be found in the methodological domain. These conceptual and methodological perspectives are key to providing the foundations for designing and developing Analytical Information Systems that also guarantee the veracity and value of the data. Considering three levels of detail, this paper proposes a multidimensional model that abstracts the dimensions to be considered, the driving components of the dimensions, and the core concepts of the components with the supporting approaches, techniques, or technologies for designing and developing Analytical Information Systems. We exemplify the proposed model with an instantiation that highlights the decisions or actions to be taken toward the design and development of more effective and efficient systems supporting decision-making in organizations.
To ensure the safety and reliability of complex industrial processes are very important. Therefore, extracting multiple features of data effectively is a great significance to improve the accuracy of modeling for faul...
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Owing to the advanced sensing technologies, data-based modeling has become a popular choice in the area of industrial process monitoring. For the data-based semi-supervised industrial fault classification problem, the...
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Owing to the advanced sensing technologies, data-based modeling has become a popular choice in the area of industrial process monitoring. For the data-based semi-supervised industrial fault classification problem, the samples from unobserved faults may severely degrade the performance of the classification model. Specifically speaking, on the one hand, the offline training samples from unobserved faults will act as outliers and seriously hinder the offline model training;on the other hand, the online testing samples from unobserved faults will be inevitably misclassified into observed fault categories in the online model usage. Despite the importance of these two issues, there are still no related works that can address them simultaneously. To this end, a robust semi-supervised Fisher discriminant analysis (FDA) model is proposed in this article. First, before the model training, based on the deviation information of training samples for each observed fault, a sample recognizing technique is designed to preprocess the training samples, with the purpose of recognizing the training samples from the unobserved fault. Second, to fully employ the supervised and unsupervised information hidden in preprocessed training samples, a regularized between-class scatter matrix and a within-class scatter matrix are constructed, and a semi-supervised FDA (SFDA) classification method is developed. Third, during the online model usage, the sample recognizing technique is also exploited to recognize the testing samples from the unobserved faults. Experiments on the benchmark Tennessee Eastman (TE) process and a real industrial air separation unit (ASU) demonstrate the effectiveness and the superiority of the proposed model.
Topic analysis is also known as topic detection or topic extraction, refers to ML method that categorizes larger text datasets into categories based on the individual text. It employs natural language processing to an...
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\Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in modern society. Accurate modeling and prognosis are fundamental to achieving reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries. Accurately predicting the end-of-discharge (EOD) is c...
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\Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in modern society. Accurate modeling and prognosis are fundamental to achieving reliable operation of lithium-ion batteries. Accurately predicting the end-of-discharge (EOD) is critical for operations and decision-making when they are deployed to critical missions. Existing data-driven methods have large model parameters, which require a large amount of labeled data and the models are not interpretable. Model-based methods need to know many parameters related to battery design, and the models are difficult to solve. To bridge these gaps, this study proposes a physics-informed neural network (PINN), called battery neural network (BattNN), for battery modeling and prognosis. Specifically, we propose to design the structure of BattNN based on the equivalent circuit model (ECM). Therefore, the entire BattNN is completely constrained by physics. Its forward propagation process follows the physical laws, and the model is inherently interpretable. To validate the proposed method, we conduct the discharge experiments under random loading profiles and develop our dataset. analysis and experiments show that the proposed BattNN only needs approximately 30 samples for training, and the average required training time is 21.5 s. Experimental results on three datasets show that our method can achieve high prediction accuracy with only a few learnable parameters. Compared with other neural networks, the prediction MAEs of our BattNN are reduced by 77.1%, 67.4%, and 75.0% on three datasets, respectively. Our data and code will be available at: https://***/wang-fujin/BattNN.
This paper presents a novel learning analytics method: Transition Network analysis (TNA), a method that integrates Stochastic process Mining and probabilistic graph representation to model, visualize, and identify tra...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798400707018
This paper presents a novel learning analytics method: Transition Network analysis (TNA), a method that integrates Stochastic process Mining and probabilistic graph representation to model, visualize, and identify transition patterns in the learning processdata. Combining the relational and temporal aspects into a single lens offers capabilities beyond either framework, including centralities to capture important learning events, community detection to identify behavior patterns, and clustering to reveal temporal patterns. Furthermore, TNA introduces several significance tests that go beyond either method and add rigor to the analysis. Here, we introduce the theoretical and mathematical foundations of TNA and we demonstrate the functionalities of TNA with a case study where students (n=191) engaged in small-group collaboration to map patterns of group dynamics using the theories of co-regulation and socially-shared regulated learning. The analysis revealed that TNA can map the regulatory processes as well as identify important events, patterns, and clusters. Bootstrap validation established the significant transitions and eliminated spurious transitions. As such, TNA can capture learning dynamics and provide a robust framework for investigating the temporal evolution of learning processes. Future directions include -inter alia- expanding estimation methods, reliability assessment, and building longitudinal TNA.
Cavity pressure control can enhance the repeatability of injection molding processes. While extensive research has focused on thermoplastic cavity pressure control, there is a notable gap in models and control strateg...
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Cavity pressure control can enhance the repeatability of injection molding processes. While extensive research has focused on thermoplastic cavity pressure control, there is a notable gap in models and control strategies for thermoset injection molding. This study aims to develop a model structure for thermoset injection molding suitable for integration into a model-based control scheme. The modeling approach is intended to be as generalizable as possible and sufficiently flexible to adapt to various process conditions. At the same time, it should be easy to parameterize or to train. To address this challenge, we first derive a first-principles process model. In the second step, we integrate a feed-forward artificial neural network into this model, which learns parameters and source terms from past injection molding cycles, resulting in a gray-box model. The neural network outputs replace the initial model parameters with functions of system inputs, states, and time. We validate both models against experimental data from a thermoset injection molding machine using a flat-plate mold geometry and a phenolic resin compound. We identify limitations of the proposed approach and suggest potential solutions. Copyright (c) 2025 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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