It has been widely recognized that future computer-aided control system design (CACSD) environments will consist of a sophisticated graphical man-machine interface for system model construction, a toolkit of well-desi...
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It has been widely recognized that future computer-aided control system design (CACSD) environments will consist of a sophisticated graphical man-machine interface for system model construction, a toolkit of well-designed numerical algorithms for analysis and simulation, graphics output support and report generation, and an underlying core-data model to support the various stages of the design process. In addition, some workers have suggested that there is a need for an intelligent advisor capability in CACSD systems, and work has been done on using expert systems in this role. The authors suggest that there is also a need for an intelligent symbolic data management system to complement the work of the other features of the future CACSD environment, and they describe the features of some preliminary work on the use of Prolog in this role.< >
It is proposed to use the combination of PPA, a data-flow diagram system enhanced with the process port concept, and XYZ/E, a temporal-logic-based language system, for real-time system design. The capabilities of the ...
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It is proposed to use the combination of PPA, a data-flow diagram system enhanced with the process port concept, and XYZ/E, a temporal-logic-based language system, for real-time system design. The capabilities of the approach are explored for the example of a cruise control system.< >
The problem of system identification is reconsidered as a problem of deterministic approximate modeling on the basis of input-output data. In the approach presented, system identification methods are required to yield...
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The problem of system identification is reconsidered as a problem of deterministic approximate modeling on the basis of input-output data. In the approach presented, system identification methods are required to yield models that are well defined, in the sense that the models obtained proceed from the available data sequence and from specified users' choices, and not from implicit (statistical) assumptions about the data and the underlying process. On the basis of the system-theoretic concept of dynamical system behavior, a framework is developed in which the identification problem as considered above can be formulated properly. In this framework the different components of an identification method-model set, parameterization, and identification criterion-are defined in a fundamental and natural way. A clear distinction is made between the problems of identification and parameterization. For the popular class of equation error identification methods, it is shown that the construction of parameterizations that are identifiable by a least-squares identification criterion requires specific users' choices that have not been recognized before and that influence the optimal models obtained.< >
In recent years, the automotive industry has realized the importance of speed of new products to market and has mounted efforts for improving it. The Expert System Scheduler (ESS) facilitates these efforts by enabling...
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In recent years, the automotive industry has realized the importance of speed of new products to market and has mounted efforts for improving it. The Expert System Scheduler (ESS) facilitates these efforts by enabling manufacturing plants to generate viable schedules under increasing constraints and demands for flexibility. The scheduler takes advantage of the Computer Integrated Manufacturing (CIM) environment by utilizing the real-time information from the factory for responsive scheduling. The Expert System Scheduler uses heuristics developed by an experiences factory scheduler. It uses simulation concepts and these heuristics to generate schedules. Forward and "backward" simulation are used at different stages of the schedule generation process. The system is used to control parts flow on the factory floor at one automated facility. This highly automated facility is a testbed for implementation of CIM concepts. The scheduler runs on a Texas Instruments (TI) Explorer ii computer using software developed inhouse utilizing IntelliCorp's Knowledge Engineering Environment (KEE) shell and the LISP language. The scheduling computer is networked to the factory control computer, which actually controls the plant floor. The TI Explorer ii acquires current plant floor information from the factory control system, generates a new schedule and sends it back within a short time. The configuration allows fast response to changes in requirements and plant floor conditions.
The development of analytically simple, mathematically tractable video source models for the analysis of packet networks is described. As the bit-rate is not a constant, it is necessary to develop statistical models t...
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The development of analytically simple, mathematically tractable video source models for the analysis of packet networks is described. As the bit-rate is not a constant, it is necessary to develop statistical models to measure the characteristics of the coded bit-rate sequence. Since model development and validation rely on the availability of appropriate experimental data, a complete system was set up for data collection. The bit rate profiles and the basic statistics of 30 independent video sources with various activity levels were collected. On a subframe basis, the autocovariance function of each of the 30 sequences shows a pseudoperiodic property. The actual shape of each function, however, depends on the scenes in that particular video segment. A finite-state machine representation was proposed to describe the probabilistic behavior of the aggregate packet-rate process when video sources are statistically multiplexed. With appropriate parameters, the model matches the empirical data very well and can be used for the development of protocols and control schemes for ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) networks.< >
An asymmetric prioritized token-ring operation with nonpreemptive priority queuing and a limited service discipline at each station is discussed. The number of message priority levels and the walktime vary from one st...
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An asymmetric prioritized token-ring operation with nonpreemptive priority queuing and a limited service discipline at each station is discussed. The number of message priority levels and the walktime vary from one station to another. Moreover, the assumed Poisson message arrival process and the message transmission time vary not only from one station to another but also from one class to another. The analysis focuses on the observation that upon the arrival of a tagged message at a station, the server is either performing walktime, serving a message at the station at which the tagged message arrived, or else serving a message at another station. On the basis of these mutually exclusive cases, three special period intervals required to carry the analysis through are defined. The analysis of the main message delay is based on characteristics of the cycle time as well as on these special period intervals, and in all cases the balance of flow is of particular interest. The performance as measured by the expected delay for any message class at any station is derived, and the numerical results are validated through simulation.< >
A circuit program specifically written for single- and three-phase PWM inverters is presented. Its interactive features include schematic-capture inverter circuit entry, an extensive menu of online calculated or store...
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A circuit program specifically written for single- and three-phase PWM inverters is presented. Its interactive features include schematic-capture inverter circuit entry, an extensive menu of online calculated or stored pulse-width modulation schemes, implementation of feedback loops, and a means of displaying or plotting output data. Moreover, its internal features include the use of switching functions and a multistructure discrete time-domain formulation capable of accommodating multiloop inverter control circuits. The process simulation program is well suited for personal computers.< >
Results are presented on the musculoskeletal system modeling and validation phase of a broader research program which is directed toward the development of a simulation system for the total wheelchair propulsion syste...
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Results are presented on the musculoskeletal system modeling and validation phase of a broader research program which is directed toward the development of a simulation system for the total wheelchair propulsion system. The modeling and validation process itself consists of four areas of research: (i) the determination of architectural models for the selected upper-extremity muscles, (ii) the physical tests and experimental acquisition of kinematic, force and muscle activation (EMG) data for a range of wheelchair propulsion cycles and subjects, (iii) the development of a spatial musculoskeletal model including load-sharing algorithms, and (iv) the determination of qualitative and quantitative correlations between the model analysis results and the experimental data, to be used to refine iteratively the model details and the load-sharing algorithms.
A mechanistic kinetic model was developed to predict the temperature and conversion behavior of epoxy-amine systems over a wide range of practical curing conditions. The mechanism included seven simultaneous reactions...
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A mechanistic kinetic model was developed to predict the temperature and conversion behavior of epoxy-amine systems over a wide range of practical curing conditions. The mechanism included seven simultaneous reactions that account for reactivity differences between the reactants and the various intermediate species. An empirical diffusion term was derived to predict mass transfer and steric effects. Kinetic data for the epoxy-amine systems was obtained utilizing a novel thermal matching adiabatic reactor/data acquisition and control system. Temperature and conversion were predicted by simultaneously integrating equations of energy and mass. The integration routine was coupled with a parameter estimation program that was used to optimize the kinetic parameters. The epoxy-amine model was used in a finite element simulation of a cross section for a filament wound fiber glass composite. The analysis revealed that the cure could be characterized by reaction wave polymerization where an exothermic reaction wave propagated from the walls toward the center of the part.
System ii - a regional information system and subarea analysisprocess - performs the basic elements of traditional modeling: trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and network assignment. The basic theory i...
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System ii - a regional information system and subarea analysisprocess - performs the basic elements of traditional modeling: trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice, and network assignment. The basic theory incorporated into these elements is similar to the approach developed for Urban Transportation Planning process (UTPS). It also includes many of the subarea focusing, multi-path transit, and performance algorithms developed for Transportation analysisprocess (TAP). But the package goes beyond these mainframe modeling theories with innovative approaches to peak hour forecasts, HOV analysis, and node-based capacity constraints. The software is written in Microsoft C in order to improve performance and flexibility. The Btrieve database management system is used to improve access to information and create relational integrity between databases. A proprietary screen graphics package, called Csreen, is used to create fully functional data entry and program control screens.
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